Term
| What are the three main characteristics of plants? |
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Definition
1. Multicellla
2. Photosynthetic
3. Eukaryotes |
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Term
| What is the evolution of plants marked by? |
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Definition
| Evolutionary adaptations to land |
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Term
| waht aquatic green algae is most closely related to land plants? |
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Definition
Charophytes
(they have retention of and care of the zygote) |
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Term
| According to the lab introduction, what does vascular tissue offer plants? |
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Definition
| Support and transport (water and nutrients) to and from the leaves, roots, and stems. |
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Term
| Nonvascular and seedless vascular plants rely on what for reproductive purposes? |
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Definition
| An outside source of water |
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Term
| What are the 5 significant innovations of plant evolution? |
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Definition
1. Embryo Protection
2. Vascular Tissue
3. Megaphylls
4. Seeds
5. Flowers |
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Term
| What are the 3 Bryophytes of which are examples of Nonvascular plants? |
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Definition
1. Liverworts
2. Hornworts
3. Mosses |
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Term
| What are the 2 types of seedless vascular plants? |
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Definition
1. Lycophytes
2. Ferns and Allies |
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Term
| Alternation of generations involves what? |
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Definition
Sporic Meiosis
(remember Meiosis is when the cell splits into 2 daughter cells that are haploid) |
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Term
| The sporophyte generation is Diploid and produces what? |
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Definition
| Produces haploid spores by meiosis. The spores develop into a Haploid generation. |
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Term
| What do non-vascular plants not have that are very important to vascular plants? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Phylum
Lycophytes
&
Club Moses |
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Definition
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Term
Nonvascular plants
the eggs are produced by the (blank) generation. |
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Definition
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Term
Nonvascular plants
where are the eggs produced?
(mosses) |
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Definition
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Term
Nonvascular Plants
where are the flagellated sperm produced? |
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Definition
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Term
| Land Plants are known as (blank) |
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Definition
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Term
| By definition, roots, stems, and leaves have what? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
•Alternation of generations
•Multicellularsporophyte embryo is protected
•Ametangia produce gametes
•Apical tissue produces complex tissues
•Waxy cuticle prevents water loss |
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Term
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Definition
•Nonvascular
•Liverworts (Hepatophyte)
•Hornworts (Anthocerophyta)
•Lycophytes/ club mosses (Lycophyta) |
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Term
Vascular Plants
club mosses, ferns and their allies, seed plants |
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Definition
•Branched Sporophyte has vascular tissue
•Lignified xylem transports water
•Phloem transports organic nutrients
•Gametophyte is dependent on Sporophyte
•Has roots, stem, leaves |
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Term
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Definition
•Leaves are Microphyllswith 1 vein
•
•Sporangia borne on sides of leaves produce windblown spores
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•Independent and separate gametophyte produces flagellated sperm |
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Term
Ferns and Allies
( Pteridophytes) |
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Definition
•Leaves are Megaphyllswith branched veins
•DominantSporophyte produces windblown spores in sporangia born on the leaves
•Independent and separategametophyteproduces flagellated sperm |
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Term
Seed Plants
( Gymnosperms and angiosperms ) |
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Definition
•Leaves are Megaphylls
•Dominantsporophyte produces heterospores that become dependent male and female gametophytes
•Male: Gametophyte = Pollen Grain
•Female: Ovuleà becomes a seed |
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Term
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Definition
•Cycads, ginkgoes, conifers, gnetophytes
•Largeà Cone Bearing
•Sporophyte bears pollen conesà windblown pollen
•Seed cones bear ovulesà naked seeds |
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Term
Angiosperms
( Flowering Plants ) |
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Definition
•Diverse
•Live in all habitats
•Sporophyte bears flowersàpollengrainsàbear ovules within ovary
•Double Fertilization, ovules become seeds that enclose a sporophyte embryo and endosperm
•Fruit developes from ovary |
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Term
| The group of seedless vascular plants include which phylums? |
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Definition
1. Lycophytes
2. Pteridophytes
~Club Mosses
~Whisk Ferns (Psilotum)
~horsetails (Equisetum)
~Ferns (Filicales) |
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Term
| Which generation is dominant in Seedless Vascular Plants? |
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Definition
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Term
| Dominant Sporophyte Generation for seedless vascular plants has what land adaptations? |
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Definition
Vascular Tissue
Produces Windblown Spores that develop into separate gametophyte generation |
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Term
| The gametophyte generation of seedless vascular plants lack (blank) and produce (blank) . |
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Definition
Lack: Vascular Tissue
Produce: Flagellated Sperm |
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Term
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Definition
| Leaves that have only one strand of vascular tissue |
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Term
| terminal cluster of leaves on ground pines are called what |
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Definition
Strobili
club shaped
bear sporangia |
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Term
| what does the pigment "Sporopollenin" do for plants |
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Definition
protects against UV radiation
and desiccation |
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Term
| Lycopodium (Lycophytes) are (blank) meaning they produce one type of spore. |
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Definition
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Term
| Why do nonseeded plants need an outside water source for reproduction |
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Definition
| They need water because they produce flagellated sperm |
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Term
| The spike moss "Selaginella" produces 2 types of spores called (blank) and (blank) that develop separetly into (blank) and (blank) |
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Definition
Microspore: male gametophyte
Megaspore: female gametophyte
Selaginella is "Heterosporous" |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The underground stem of a Psilotum called "Rhizome" give off (blank) with (blank) branching pattern where sporangia are located |
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Definition
give off upright, aerial stems
with a dichotomous branching pattern |
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Term
| Equisetum contains (blank) on its stem that gives it it's name "Scouring Rushes" |
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Definition
| Silica (existant on its stem) |
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