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Non-Fiction
the basics
54
English
8th Grade
05/08/2011

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Cards

Term
author's purpose
Definition
His/Her reason for writing.
Examples:
to explain/inform
to entertain
to persuade
to enlighten
Term
fact
Definition
A statement that can be proven true or false
Term
essay
Definition
A short nonfiction work that addresses a specific subject.
Term
opinion
Definition
A statement that expresses a person's belief or attitude.
Term
Descriptive Essay
Definition
seeks to convey an impression about a person, place, or object
Term
narrative essay
Definition
tells a true story; a story about a person's journey or events
Term
narrative essay
Definition
tells a true story
Term
expository essay
Definition
give info, discusses ideas, or explains a process
Term
persuasive essay
Definition
tries to convince the readers to do something or accept the writer's point of view
Term
biography
Definition
The story of a life from another person's perspective
Term
autobiography
Definition
The writer's own story, describing notable events of his or her life
Term
allusion
Definition
reference to another literary, artistic, historical, or musical wor
Term
analogy
Definition
comparison of something unfamiliar with something that is better known
Term
summarizing
Definition
briefly stating the main points and key details of a work in your own words
Term
assertion/viewpoint
Definition
Can be an author's opinion, claim, hypothesis, or conclusion. It makes a statement followed by supporting evidence
Term
jargon
Definition
The specialized or technical vocabulary of a particular group
Term
denotation
Definition
a word's dictionary definition
Term
connotation
Definition
A word's emotional feelings associated with i
Term
satire
Definition
A literary device used to ridicule or make fun of human weaknesses
Term
anecdote
Definition
A brief story told to make a point or to entertain
Term
understatement
Definition
A technique in which a writer intentionally says less than is complete or true
Term
generalization
Definition
A broad conclusion emphasizing common rather than specific details
Term
main idea
Definition
The central idea in a piece of writing
Term
supporting details
Definition
Used to furnish evidence, describe a process, or create an impression; they back up a writer's opinions or describe a process
Term
lead
Definition
The opening paragraphs of a news story and contains essential information. It usually tells who, what, where, when, why, and how
Term
rhetorical question
Definition
A question asked for effect and to make a statement or point
Term
bias
Definition
A mental leaning, inclination, prejudice, or bent
Term
deductive reasoning
Definition
A pattern of thought that proceeds from the known to the unknown, from the general to the specific, or form a premise to a logical conlusion
Term
inductive reasoning
Definition
A way of thinking that begins with specific details and goes to a general or logical conclusion
Term
credibility
Definition
he quality of being believable or trustworthy
Term
nonfiction
Definition
written about actual events, people, situations, etc.; the writer uses reality to make a point
Term
magazine or newspaper article
Definition
the author gives a brief glimplse of a person, place, event, situation, or issue; published in a periodical (magazine or newspaper)
Term
report
Definition
the author uses research (statistics, facts, interviews, etc.) to make the public aware of an event or situation
Term
reflections, journals, diaries
Definition
the author reflects on life events, usually to promote introspection, thought, meditation, etc.
Term
speech
Definition
author delivers this address or message orally, usually with the intention that others will read it later
Term
editorial
Definition
a personal opinion of a specific subject
Term
editorial
Definition
a personal opinion of a specific subject
Term
memoir
Definition
a book the author writes about a particular time in his/her own life; it does not cover from birth to
Term
interview
Definition
a one-on-one conversation in which questions are asked and answered
Term
subjective writing
Definition
based on author's opinion
Term
objective writing
Definition
giving the facts; material is fact-based
Term
comparison
Definition
pointing out similarities
Term
contrast
Definition
pointing out differences
Term
exposition
Definition
gives information, explains or defines a topic
Term
description
Definition
detailed description of something that creates a mental image
Term
logos
Definition
logical appeal; persuading through the use of reasoning
Term
pathos
Definition
emotional appeals; persuading by appealing to the audience's emotions
Term
ethos
Definition
ethical appeal; persuading by building credibility
Term
bandwagon persuasion
Definition
persuading through peer-pressure; "Everyone else is doing, so you should too."
Term
testimonial persuasion
Definition
a statement testifying to the benefits one receives by using a product, behaving a certain way, etc.
Term
testimonial persuasion
Definition
a statement testifying to the benefits one receives by using a product, behaving a certain way, etc.
Term
primary source
Definition
a first-hand account; it is reliable
Term
secondary source
Definition
description by a person usually not at the event; not as reliable
Term
implied idea
Definition
an idea which is suggested by the author but is not actually written out
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