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nln study guide
Physics vocab
24
Physics
12th Grade
09/25/2006

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Term
Momentum
Definition
An object traveling at a specific velocity has a qauntity. (all moving objects)
Term
Conservation of momentum
Definition
The total momentum of an isolated system is always constant. When two objects collide, they transfer energy, it is not lost
Term
Newton's First Law
Definition
Inertia, which states that objects in motion tend to stay in motion, and objects at rest tend to stay at rest. Resists any change in motion.
Term
Newton's Second Law
Definition
Describes the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration.States that the force applied on an object equals the mass of the object times the acceleration of the object.F=ma (force= mass * acceleration)
Term
Newton (N)
Definition
The unit that represents a force that accelerates a mass of 1 Kilogram 1meter per second.
Term
Joule
Definition
Is the unit of energy equal to the work done by a force of one newton acting over a distance of one meter.
Term
Friction
Definition
is the force that opposes the relative motion or tendency of such motion of two surfaces in contact.
Term
Gravity
Definition
the force of attraction between all masses in the universe
Term
Weight
Definition
is the force exerted upon an object by virtue of its position in a gravitational field
Term
Lever-arm
Definition
The distance from the axis of rotation to the point where the force is exerted
Term
Torque
Definition
the ability of a force that is applied perpendicularly to rotate an object around and axis, such as a ball on a string,
Term
Energy
Definition
Defined as the abilit to do work.
Term
Kinetic energy
Definition
energy associated with motion.
Term
Potential energy
Definition
is the stored energy that a body has because of its position. ex. when you lift an object up
Term
Work
Definition
defined as the product of the force applied to a object and the distance through which the force is applied.
Term
Power
Definition
is the rate at which work is done.
Term
inclined plane
Definition
a slanted surface used to raise an object.
Term
Wedge
Definition
a moving incined plane
Term
Screw
Definition
an inclined plane wrapped around a clinder
Term
Lever
Definition
A simple machine that is free to move around a fulcrum when force is applied.
Term
Pulley
Definition
A chain or rope wrapped around a wheel.
Term
Wheel and axel
Definition
a lever that rotates in a circle
Term
compound machine
Definition
a combination of two or more simple machines.
Term
Efficiency
Definition
is the work done divided by the energy used to power the machine, or the comparison of work input to work output.
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