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Nitrogenous and Iron Compounds/Renal System
CHEM 101
33
Chemistry
Not Applicable
12/02/2011

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Term
NPN
Definition
Non Protein Nitrogen
Term
Pre-renal
Definition
Process that occurs before reaching the kidneys
Term
Renal
Definition
Processes that occur in the kidney
Term
Post-renal
Definition
Process that occurs after the kidneys
Term
Renal Clearance
Definition
The volume of plasma from which the kidneys can remove all of a given substance in a certain time period, usually one minute.
Term
Urea
Definition
Primary nitrogenous compound which builds up in the blood
Term
Urea
Definition
Waste product of protein metabolism normally removed from the blood in the kidneys
Term
Liver
Definition
The sole site of urea formation
Term
Creatinine
Definition
A nitrogenous compound whose production is fairly stable; therefore more indicative of kidney failure
Term
Ammonia
Definition
Formed in increased amounts as protein breaks down
Term
Uric Acid
Definition
Primary waste product or purine metabolism
Term
Gout, Increased catabolism, Renal disease
Definition
Three major disease states associated with elevated plasma uric acid
Term
Ammonia
Definition
While treated as a Non Protein Nitrogen, is primarily excreted by the liver and NOT the kidneys
Term
Liver disease
Definition
The most common cause of abnormal ammonia metabolism
Term
Urea
Definition
Provides an indication of renal performance
Term
Azotemia
Definition
A significant increase in the plasma concentrations of urea, in kidney insufficiency
Term
Blood Urea Nitrogen
Definition
Measures the amount of the nitrogen found in blood area. This nitrogen is attributed to urea, which is constantly being produced from the catabolism of amino acids / oldest method
Term
Coupled Enzymatic Analysis
Definition
Methodology for measuring ammonia
Term
Jaffe
Definition
Methodology for measuring creatinine
Term
Caraway
Definition
Methodology for measuring Uric Acid
Term
Clearance
Definition
The volume of plasma from which the kidney can remove all of a given substance in a certain period of time, usually one minute
Term
Functions of Iron
Definition
Binds reversably with oxygen
Aids in electron transport
Term
Hemoglobin
Definition
Oxygen carrying protein in red blood cells.
Largest concentration of iron in the body.
Term
Myoglobin
Definition
Oxygen binding protein of striated and cardiac muscles.
Term
Tissue Iron
Definition
approx 8 mg
certain cellulat enzymes and coenzymes
peroxidases and cytochromes
all nucleated cells in the body
Term
Labile pool
Definition
iron in transition from one point to another
80 mg
Term
Transport of iron
Definition
accomplished by protein, apotransferrin
Term
Storage of Iron
Definition
Males 800 mg
Females 0-200 mg
Term
Daily requirements of iron
Definition
10-15 mg/day, mostly from meat
varied depending on age, fender, psysiological status
Term
Iron storage compartments
Definition
Liver, Bone Marrow, Spleen and other tissues
Term
Ferritin
Definition
major iron storage compound
Term
Hemosiderin
Definition
Found in cells of the liver, spleen, bone marroe
Term
Absorption
Definition
How the iron balance is regulated
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