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Definition
1740-1900 in England
Urbanization occurred, creating more jobs in the cities for farmers.
Increase of machine-driven and factory production.
NEED FOR INFORMATION for the masses: which lead to human institutions like bureaucracies. |
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Start of information revolution
Herman Hollerith |
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Definition
| Created a tabulating machine called census: it helped organize information (1890s) punch card system (binary). |
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| What is the Tabulating Machine Company |
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Definition
| Created by the information revolution, Herman Hollerith's tabulating machine called census, would keep track of how many people went to work through the punch card system. |
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Term
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Definition
non-living thing that mimics human capabilities.
human finger nails = knife
fantasy of flying = plane |
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Definition
| Turing Test states that if it is a machine that fools you into believe it's human, then the machine can think. |
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Clause Shannon and his Information Theory:
How did it work with statements? |
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Definition
was possible to build electrical circuits equivalent to expressions in Boolean algebra.
The circuit would establish a connection if the statement was true, and break the connection if the statement was false. |
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Term
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Definition
a signal that can carry one of two different messages.
EX: tic-tac-toe machine the two classes are "current flowing" and "no current flowing" or 1 and 0 (true or false) |
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Term
What is digitization?
Advantages? |
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Definition
Computers allow for translation of ANY kind of information:
verbal
pictorial
sound
:all into digital.
Advantages:perfect copying, preservation, instant transmission, manipulation (cut and paste, photoshop) |
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Term
| First purposed computer was... |
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Definition
ENIAC created by Mauchly and Eckert in 1946. At University of Pennsylvania.
Weighted 30 tons. |
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1964 IBM released...
1981 IBM released... |
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Definition
...its 360/770 mainframe.
Soon it dominated the industry.
...they released a PC |
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Definition
| first small computer called Altair--> model for Apple |
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| 1984 Apple launched what type of computer... |
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Definition
Macintosh!
1st user friendly computer based on interface technology developed by Xerox |
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| Who invented connecting computers aka web browsing? |
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Definition
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| Birth of the internet and original name of the internet. |
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Definition
Second great revolution to connect computers.
Advanced Research Project Agency network (ARPANET)now internet! |
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Term
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Definition
connect internet.
Network to network = faster internet. |
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| World Wide Web creator, function and consequences: |
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Definition
Tim Berners-lee
System of linking hyper text documents via web.
Consequences: social media (facebook)
collective intelligence (wikis)
participatory culture (youtube) |
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Intel
American Global technology company. |
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Definition
| Invented the microprocessor, which is found in most PC’s or personal computers. Microprocessor use binary coded decimal arithmetic to code information |
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Who was Ted Hoff? Who did he work for?
What did he create? |
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Definition
Ted Hoff was the inventor of the microprocessor for Intel.
He invented it in 1971 for Intel's PC's |
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| Vinton 'Vint' Cerf and Bob Kahn are the fathers of what technology? |
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Definition
| The internet. Both are American computer scientist that helped create the internet. |
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Term
How is TCP/IP related to computers? What is it?
Who created it? |
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Definition
It is a description framework for computer network protocols.
Created by DARPA (U.S. Department of Defense) in 1970s |
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Term
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Definition
| is a worldwide distributed Internet discussion system. |
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Bitnet: first link was between City University of NY and Yale betwwen creators Ira Fuchs and Greydon Freeman.
What is bitnet like? |
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Definition
| From a technical point of view, BITNET differed from the Internet in that it was a point-to-point "store and forward" network. That is, e-mail messages and files were transmitted in their entirety from one server to the next until reaching their destination. From this perspective, BITNET was more like Usenet. |
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Term
| Who was the Homebrew Computer Company? |
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Definition
| They were a group of electronic enthusiasts that wanted to make computer more accessible for people. |
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Term
| What is LAN? (Local Area network) |
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Definition
| a computer network that connects computers and devices in a limited geographical area such as home, school, computer laboratory or office building. |
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