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Requires brain to work to interpret. |
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Natural. Does not require much work for brain to interpret. Ex Radio |
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the variety of messages that can be communicated through a certain format. |
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The amount of production value. Professional exemplifies these effects. |
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gets pas your defenses. does not engage your critical mind. |
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To the audience. Genuine and special. |
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Closed means what it means on surface. open is up to the recipient. |
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PSAs more likely to have an effect. |
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more likely to ilicit an emotional reponse. |
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Long term/short term audience. |
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The longer children watch a show, the more they get from it. |
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With someone ore by yourself audience. |
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Familiar or unfamiliar with produciton methods |
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more likely to pick up on effects. |
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Interactive/ non-interactive |
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Can the audience change the outcome. |
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Centrally controlled media system |
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Controlled by one or more agents. |
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Can have a variety of effects. |
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Understanding. Orientation. Play |
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Profitability. political protection. Legitamacy. Business Stability. |
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increses desire for understanding. |
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Increses desire for orientation. |
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System Wide Agenda and individual outlet agenda. |
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collective and individual agendas |
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when is agenda setting likely? |
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relevance to people. Presidential primary example. |
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how to think about issues. |
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General predisposition toward an option. positive or negative. the kind of thinking we do about something depends on out attitude towards it. |
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Unconscious or conscious. |
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relatively flexible beliefs. |
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Attitude forming is a long, drawn out process and a waste of time. Manipulating input variables. |
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Cognitive response theory |
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People approach things with their background and self motivated involvement. |
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favorableness of a message. the higher, the more likely to elaborate. |
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number of distinct thoughts that a message inspires. |
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generally low confidence, they can be changed. |
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The valence, confidence and extent of thoughts can.. |
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be the basis for beliefs. |
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Not thinking carefully abotu every message. Driving down road example. |
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Thinking more deeply and elaborating on a thought. Interest is very important. |
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context or psychology: the thoughts that are at the top of our mind, tip of tongue. Available thoughts at the front of your mind. Attitudes are accesible. |
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To promote central processing.. |
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1. Make it relevant. Hit home, important to you. 2. Use questionable sources. They will question it! 3. shady people get other people to think! 4. Unexpected facts will spark elaboration and research. 5. Repetition. |
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creation or reinforcement of simple representations of a group of people. usually inaccurate. |
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cognitive processing of stereotyping |
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beliefes about reality are formed by... |
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exemplars. Pictures in our heads. |
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Images according to criteria to engage CP and create exemplars. |
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Term
We encoutner only a (blank) in our lives. |
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Subset of the univers we choose to exemplify. |
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faster than abstractions. Retained longer and more easily called to memory. |
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is more personal and emotioanlly arousing. |
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Poor calculators. Memory is biased by exemplars. |
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actual fact about a population that stats try to estimate. |
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our memories of news stories. |
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associating one thing with another. Establishment of neural networks. Pizza example. |
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neural networks keeping certain thoughts acesible. Prepares us to think and act. Allows to store things then retrieve when it is appropriate. |
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Memory as concept nodes. connected in a variety of ways. Not always coherent. |
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Collected beliefs about situations... |
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Mental nodes. they have more coherence and endure longer. |
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static or dynamic. they can accomodate new information. |
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Role of advertising is to induce... |
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priming. audiences develop associations and expectations. |
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Primed thoughts influence... |
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interpretation: what is going on. Other statements understood. |
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