Term
| What are the 4 types of receptors? |
|
Definition
1. Channel linked
2. Enzyme linked
3. G protein coupled
4. Intracellular - not used in neuro, used more in hormones |
|
|
Term
| Explain the differences between ionotropic vs. metabotropic receptor pathways |
|
Definition
Ionotropic - very fast, ligand binding opens a channel allowing selective ions to flow, transducing a signal
Metabotropic - Slow. Ligand binding triggers a secondary messenger signaling mechanism and cascade that result in effector outcome (usually phosphorylation) |
|
|
Term
| What are the two energy sources that drive pump import and export in cells? |
|
Definition
1. ATP hydrolysis
2. Coupling the pumps action to the flow of another ion down its electrochemical gradient |
|
|
Term
| Give the starter compound, enzymes involved, final products, synapse removal methods, and receptor types for catecholamines |
|
Definition
1. Tyrosine
2. Tyrosine hydroxylase
3. Dopamine, Norepinephrine, Epinephrine
4. Presynaptic reuptake proteins and breakdown by COMT and MAO
5. Metabotropic |
|
|
Term
| Give the starter compound, enzymes involved, final products, synapse removal methods, and receptor types for Indoleamines |
|
Definition
1. Tryptophan
2. Tryptophan hydroxylase
3. Serotonin and Melatonin
4. Presynaptic reuptake proteins and breakdown by MAO
5. Mostly metabotropic, but one ionotropic |
|
|
Term
| Give the starter compound, enzymes involved, final products, synapse removal methods, and receptor types for histamine |
|
Definition
1. Histidine
2. Histidine carboxylase
3. Histamine
4. Metabolism of histamine by n-methyltransferase
5. Metabotropic |
|
|
Term
| Give the starter compound, enzymes involved, final products, synapse removal methods, and receptor types for glutamate |
|
Definition
1. glutamine
2. glutaminase
3. glutamate
4. astrocytes provide reuptake of broken down products for resynthesis
5. Both metabotropic and ionotropic |
|
|
Term
| Explain how NMDA receptors work |
|
Definition
1. Both glycine and glutamate MUST be bound at their respective locations
2. Adjacent sodium channel must open to depolarize cell and kick magnesium out of channel
3. NMDA channel is now open for calcium to flow through |
|
|
Term
| What is long term potentiation? |
|
Definition
| Positive feedback of the NMDA channel promotes insertion of additional sodium channels, leading to more sodium channel depolarization and additional opening of the NMDA receptor |
|
|
Term
| What is long term depression? |
|
Definition
| Negative feedback where NMDA receptors being open leads to internalization of Na channels, leading to a less likelihood of the NMDA being open int the future |
|
|
Term
| Give the starter compound, enzymes involved, final products, synapse removal methods, and receptor types for GABA |
|
Definition
1. Glutamate
2. Glutamate decarboxylase
3. GABA
4. catabolism by GABA transaminase and reuptake by transport proteins
5. Ionotropic and metabotropic
Note: GABA is the most widely used inhibitory neurotransmitter |
|
|
Term
| Give the starter compound, enzymes involved, final products, synapse removal methods, and receptor types for glycine |
|
Definition
1. Serine
2. Serine transhydroxymethylase
3. Glycine
4. Reuptake transport proteins
5. Ionotropic receptors |
|
|
Term
| Give the starter compound, enzymes involved, final products, synapse removal methods, and receptor types for acetylcholine |
|
Definition
1. Acetyl CoA and choline
2. Choline acetyltransferase
3. ACh
4. catabolized by acetylcholinesterase and uptake of product acetate and choline
5. Ionotropic and metabolic |
|
|
Term
| What are EC's and how do they work? |
|
Definition
| Endocannabinoids. They cause increased postassium efflux and increased calcium influx in presynaptic cells, causing inhibition of NT release |
|
|
Term
| Want to learn all the cerebellar projection pathways in this lecture too like the LO says? |
|
Definition
| Fuck no. Theres like 50 of them and this lecture will have at most 6 questions. |
|
|
