Term
| How is sensory info processed |
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Definition
Stages
Primary: Reception and discrimination
Secondary: Interpretation
Tertiary: Integration |
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Term
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Definition
Occipital
Temporal
Parietal |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Optic nerve
Optic chiasm
Thalamus: Lateral geniculate nucleus
Primary visual cortex
V2 Visual cortex
Fusiform gyrus |
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Term
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Definition
| Brings information from eyes to brain |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Thalamus: Lateral geniculate nucleus |
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Definition
| Preprocessing of rod and cone information |
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Term
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Definition
| Brings information to occipital lobe |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Identification of textures and contours |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Preprocessing through two systesm |
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Definition
Geniculostriate:
Tectopulvinar: |
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Term
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Definition
90%: Perception of visual detail, pattern, color.
Lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus
Optic radiations or geniculocalcarine tract
Primary visual cortex V1 area B17, striate cortex around calcarine fissure |
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Term
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Definition
10%: Perception of motion, location; visual orientation and detection
Superior colliculi
Pulvinar nucleus of thalamus
Secondary visual cortex V2 area B18, prestriate cortex (also recieves signals from V1) |
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Term
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Definition
Brainstem (Inferior colliculi -> medial geniculate nucleus of thalamus)
One path from ventral aspect of MGN to primary auditory cortex
Another path from dorsal MGN to secondary auditory cortex |
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Term
| Primary, secondary and tertiary processing of auditory stimuli |
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Definition
Primary: Phonemic discrimination
Secondary: Recognition of words, sounds
Tertiary: Multimodal integration |
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Term
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Definition
L Temporal lobe more important for language sounds
R temporal lobe more important for environmental sounds, music
Both sides important for rhythm |
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Term
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Definition
Initial processing in peripheral nervous system and spinal cord.
Primary: postcentral gyrus (sensory strip)
Secondary: Mid or posterior parietal lobe
Tertiary: Inferior parietal lobe |
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Term
| Primary, secondary and tertiary processing of somatosensory stimuli |
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Definition
Primary: homunculus
Secondary: Synthesis of input into more complex forms
Tertiary: Integrative with other sensory modalities |
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Term
| Somatosensory laterlization |
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Definition
L damage: agraphia, acalculia, L-R confusion, finger agnosia
R damagea; contralateral neglect, object recognition, drawing and map reading |
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Term
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Definition
| Motor strip or primary motor cortex (precentral gyrus): contains representations of the body as well as movement pattersn |
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Term
| Premotor supplementary motor programming and selection areas |
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Definition
Brocas area
Recieves input from dorsolateral frontal cortex
Has direct adn indirect connections to motor system |
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Term
| Dorsolateral frontal cortex |
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Definition
Has reciprocal connections with posterior parietal lobe and superior temporal sulcus
Also connections to basal ganglia and cingulate gyrus |
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Term
| Orbital or inferior frontal cortex |
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Definition
Has inputs from all sensory areas
Projects to amygdala and hypothalamus |
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Term
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Definition
Contains some limbic structures including cingulate gyrus
Has inputs from other parts of teh brain, including the parietal and temporal lobes, tegmentum dopaminergic cells |
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Term
| Two main motor system pathways |
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Definition
Lateral: Connects with dorsolateral interneurons and motor neurons: Controls distal musculature
Ventromedial: Connects ventromedial interneurons and motor neurons: controls proximal musculature |
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Term
| Which motor nerves decussate? |
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Definition
| Lateral nerves, ventromedial don't |
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Term
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Definition
fine control of limbs and fingers
Lateral corticospinal tract and rubrospinal tract |
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Term
| Ventromedial motor system |
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Definition
Whole body movements
Vestibulospinal tracts: middle ear input for balance
Reticulospinal tract: Multisensory input for coordinated movements
Tectospinal tracts: Input from visual system for orienting functions
Ventral corticospinal tracts |
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Term
| Noncortical brain structure also involved in motor function |
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Definition
Basal ganglia: regulate force and smoothness of action
Thalamus
Cerebellum: Regulates motor accuracy by producing error correction |
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Term
| Expressive language function primary secondary and tertiary |
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Definition
Governed by frontal lobe
Primary: Triggering of necessary muscle groups
Secondary: Programmming of movements
Tertiary: Formulation of speech/writing |
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Term
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Definition
Frontal lobe
Behavior: planning, initiation, cessation, change, evaluation |
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