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Neuropsych basic anatomy
Brain anatomy
26
Psychology
Undergraduate 3
08/29/2014

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Front/parietal lobe brain separation
Definition
central sulcus
Term
R/L brain separation
Definition
Longitudinal fissure
Term
Temporal/parietal lobe brain separation
Definition
Lateral Sulcus
Term
Parietal/occipital lobe brain separation
Definition
parietal occipital sulcus
Term
Frontal Lobe subdivisions
Definition
[image]
Term
Temporal Lobe Subdivisions
Definition
[image]
Term
Frontal lobe functions
Definition
voluntary motor control

 

executive functions:  planning and evaluation of behavior
Term
Temporal Lobe Functions
Definition
auditory processing
some visual processing

 

some memory functions
Term
Parietal Lobe Subdivisions
Definition
[image]
Term
Parietal Lobe Functions
Definition
somatosensory processing

 

sensory integration
Term
Occipital Lobe Function
Definition

Visual processing

 

(calcarine fissure)

Term
Main subcortical areas
Definition

Cerebellum

Brainstem

Medulla

Midbrain: Pons + Tectum + Tegmentum

Diencephalon

Thalamus

Hypothalamus + pituitary

Systems

Limbic

Basal Ganglia

Term
Cerebellum
Definition

Located behind lower part of brain stem

Functions: 

 Motor learning

Coordination

Posture/balance

Term
Brainstem
Definition

Medulla

ANS

Cortical spinal decussation

Pons

Sensory Relay, eg. between cerebellum and cortex. 

Nuclei for cranial nerves V-VIII

Lower brainstem

Reticular formation (also in pons): Consciousness

Red nucleus: Limb movement

Term
Brainstem: Midbrain
Definition

Tectum

Superior and Inferior colliculi

Auditory and Visual relay

Cerebral Peduncle

Tegmentum: motor synapse

Substantia nigra (CENTER OF DOPAMINE PRODUCTION)

 

Term
Diencephalon
Definition

Thalamus

Nuclei route info from sensory systems, cortical areas and from forebrain to brainstem.

Hypothalamus

Motivated behavior like feeding, sex, sleeping, temp regulation, emotional behavior, movement

uses pituitary gland

Term
Limbic system
Definition

Amygdala

Emotional behaviors

Species typical behaviors

Hippocampus

Mediate memory

Spatial navigation

Vulnerable to stress

Limbic cortex (aka cingulate cortex)

Attention?

 

Also, Olfaction

Term

Basal Ganglia

Structures

Definition
Amygdala:  connects to limbic system
Caudate nucleus:  connects to cortex, thalamus
Putamen:  connects to thalamus, substantianigra
Globuspalladus:  connects to frontal lobes

 

Term
Basal Ganglia Functions
Definition

Inhibition and modulation; links voluntary and automatic movements

Modulates force of movement

Protects against hyperkinetic movements like tremors

Protects against hypokinetic movements like rigidity

 

Learning, memory and attention

Term
Types of connectivity
Definition

Functional: High correlation in activity between regions.

 

Effective: Information flow takes place between two areas although their levels of activity may be different.

 

Structural/anatomical: Physical neuronal links between two regions, typically white matter tracts.

Term
Nerve Pathways
Definition

Dopamine pathways

Nigrostriatal: Substantia nigra + striatum

Medial Forebrain bundle

Mesocortical: Ventral Tegmentum + Cerebral Cortex

Mesolimbic: Ventral Tegmentum + Midbrain

Tuberoinfundibular: Hypothalamus + Pituitary 

Arcuate fasciculus

Superior and Inferior longitudinal fasciculus

Inferior frontoccipital fasciculus

Uncinate fasciculus

Commissures connect R and L hemispheres

Term
Limbic Papez Circuit
Definition
Learning and memory, social behavior and emotion[image]
Term
Circle of Willis
Definition
Internal carotid artery enters cranial cavity and divides into anterior and middle cerebral artery. Anterior arteries are joined by the anterior commuincating artery. Left and right vertebral arteries form the basilar artery branches into the left and right posterior cerebral arteries. Posterior cerebral arteries join the internal carotid system by means of posterior communicating arteries.
Term
Circle of Willis
Definition
[image][image]
Term
Cranial Nerves
Definition

1. Olfactory

2. Optic

3. Occulomotor

4. Trochlear

5. Trigeminal

6. Abducens

7. Facial

8. Vestibulocochlear

9. Glossopharyngeal

10. Vagus

11. Spinal Accessory

12. Hypoglossal

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