Term
| What is Guillain Barre Syndrome? |
|
Definition
| Demyelinization mainly along peripheral nerve/nerve root (LMN) |
|
|
Term
| What causes Guillain Barre Syndrome? |
|
Definition
1. Viral Infections
2. Autoimmune reactions against myelin |
|
|
Term
| What are the phases of Guillain Barre Syndrome? |
|
Definition
Within 2-3 weeks:
- Schwann cells proliferation
- Inflammation resolves
-Remyelinization begins |
|
|
Term
| What is the clinical presentation of a patient with Guillain Barre Syndrome? |
|
Definition
1. flu-like symptoms
2. Distal > proximal weakness and sensory loss
3. Bilateral and symmetrical weakness
4. Hypo/areflexia of Muscle Stretch Reflexes (distal>proximal)
5. Autonomic Nervous System dysfunction (HR, BP) |
|
|
Term
| What are some Diagnostic tests for Guillain Barre Syndrome |
|
Definition
1. CSF - increased protein levels
2. Nerve Conduction Velocity - increased latency |
|
|
Term
| What are some sensory signs and symptoms that are associated with the clinical presentation of Guillain Barre Syndrome? |
|
Definition
Mild sensory signs and symptoms:
- Paresthesia (tingling and buring)
- Hyperesthesia
- Numbness
- Decreased vibratory and position sense |
|
|
Term
| Describe the progression/prognosis of Guillain Barre Syndrome |
|
Definition
Progression:
Increasing weakness for 1-2 months
Gradual recovery 2-4 weeks after plateau
Prognosis:
50% of patients have minor neurological deficits
15% have persistent deficits
5% experience death due to secondary complications
80% of patients are ambulatory within 6 months of onset |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common deficit for a patient post GBS? |
|
Definition
| Weakness of Transversus Abdominis |
|
|
Term
| What are some realistic goals and outcomes for a patient with GBS? |
|
Definition
1. Facilitate resolution of respiratory and dysphagia problems
2. Minimize pain
3. Prevent contractures, decubitus ulcers, injury to weakened or denervated muscles
4. Introduce a gradual program of active exercise while monitoring overuse and fatigue |
|
|
Term
| Describe a progressive program of active exercise for a patient with GBS |
|
Definition
1. Short periods of non-fatiguing exercise
- If patient improves and does not deteriorate after 1 week then increase exercise
- If there is deterioration, then have patient return to bedrest
2. Strengthening for function
- Limit fatiguing exercise for 1 year with gradual return to regular activities |
|
|
