Term
| What are the symptoms of a stroke that came fro the MCA? x4 |
|
Definition
Contralat weakness
Contralat sensoryloss
Contralat visual field loss
Ipsilat Aphasia
(if falls on speech center/ same side as hand dominance) |
|
|
Term
| What are the symptoms of a stroke in the ACA? x3 |
|
Definition
1. Cognitive: personality/confusion
2. Urinary incontinence
3. leg more than arm weakness |
|
|
Term
| What are the symptoms of a stroke that happened in the PCA? X3 |
|
Definition
Ipsilateral sensory loss of the FACE 9, 10th nerves
Contralat sensory loss of the limbs
Limb ataxia |
|
|
Term
What is the BITest of a stroke?
What is the MATest? |
|
Definition
CT without contrast
MRI
CT is done first to rule out hemorrhage as a cause |
|
|
Term
What is the treatment of a stroke:
less than three hours of onset
greater than three hours
a Hemorrhagic stroke |
|
Definition
<3hrs: thrombolytics
>3hrs: aspirin
Nothing |
|
|
Term
| If a pt is already taking asprin what do you say for > three hours of onset of a stroke treatment? |
|
Definition
Add dipyridamole
or switch to Clopidogrel |
|
|
Term
| What tests are done to evaluate the origin of a stroke and what are the origins of the respective tests? |
|
Definition
Echocardiogram: valves, thrombi, PFO
EKG: Afib or Aflutter
Holter monitor: Afib/flutter
Carotid duplex US: Carotid stenosis leading to thrombi
>70% stenosis--surgery |
|
|
Term
What two main medications are used for abortive therapy for migraines?
What is the best preventive therapy for migraines |
|
Definition
ergotamine or the triptans
Propranolol |
|
|
Term
| What is the treatment for trigeminal neuralgia? x4 drugs; 2 other |
|
Definition
oxcarbazepine or carbamazepine
Baclofen and lamotrigine have also been effective
Gamma knife surgery or surgical decompression can be curative |
|
|
Term
How is the pain in Postherpaetic Neuralgia treated?
when is the herpes zoster vaccine indicatied |
|
Definition
TCAs, Gabapentin, pregabalin, carbamazepine work in 50-70% of pts at best
All pts above the age of 60 |
|
|
Term
What is the treatment of Status Epilepticus?
What is the treatment for Absence seizures? |
|
Definition
Benzodiazepine
Fosphenytoin
phenobarbital
General anesthesia
Ethosuximide |
|
|
Term
What is the treatment for General tonic clonic seizures, Simple and complex partial seizures?
What are the adverse effects of Valproic acid ? |
|
Definition
Valpric Acid, Phenotoin, Carbamazepine, in no particular order
1.GI distress: hepatotoxicity, Pancrititis
4.Alloplesia
'the acid causes GI upset' |
|
|
Term
| What are the adverse effects of Phenytoin and carbamazepine? |
|
Definition
Phenytoin- Hersutism/Acne
Carbamazepine- Water retention increased ADH, Exfoliative dermatitis
Both have: sedation, ataxia, diplopia, ostiomelasia, Hematotoxicity: granulocytopenia, Megaloblastic anemia |
|
|
Term
| What is the AE's of Ethysuximide? x5 |
|
Definition
Extrapyramidal disfuntions,
GI distress,
lethargy,
exfoliative dermatitis,
Hematotoxicity |
|
|
Term
At what time can seizure medication be discontinued?
Where and what are xanthochromia |
|
Definition
2 yrs
xanthochromia is yellow discoloration of the CSF from the breakdown of RBCs found in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage |
|
|
Term
| What is the BITest and MAtest for Subdural hematoma? |
|
Definition
CT without contrast
Lumbar puncture showing blood with normal ratio of wbcs to rbcs. |
|
|
Term
When is contrast used in CT or MRI
When is it not used?
when is angiography used in sub arachnoid hemorrhage? |
|
Definition
dont use contrast when looking at blood
do used contrast to find mass leasions like tumors and abscesses
only way to determine precisely which vessel ruptured |
|
|
Term
| what is the treatment for Subarachnoid hemorrhage? x4 |
|
Definition
Nimodipine- CCB prevents ischemic stroke
Emobolization- clog up site of bleeding prevent a repeat hemorrhage
3.Ventriculoperitoneal shunt if ass with hydrocephilus
4. Seizure prophylaxis |
|
|
Term
| what is the treatment for Subarachnoid hemorrhage? x4 |
|
Definition
1. Nimodipine- CCB prevents ischemic stroke
2. Emobolization- clog up site of bleeding prevent a repeat hemorrhage
3.Ventriculoperitoneal shunt if ass with hydrocephilus
4. Phenotoin- Seizure prophylaxis |
|
|
Term
What are the s&s of ASA infarction?
what is the therapy? |
|
Definition
Loss of all funtion exept for postition and vibration
no therapy |
|
|
Term
what is spinal trauma treated with?
what are the s&S of syringomyelia?
what is the MATest?
what does the medical terminology for syringomyelia |
|
Definition
glucocorticoids
loss of pain and temperature
bilaterally across upper back and both arms "cape like distrobution"
MRI shows 'bubble in cord' |
|
|
Term
What is the BITest for a brain abscess?
MATest
when is MAT done? |
|
Definition
CT/MRI with contrast
MATest: brain biopsy
need biopsy bc cancer and infection indistinguishable in imaging study
and to determine precise organism |
|
|
Term
| What is the Empiric Therapy for a Brain abscess? x3 |
|
Definition
| penicillin, plus metronidazole, plus ceftriaxone |
|
|
Term
What skin lesions are found in tuberous sclerosis?x3
What Neurological abnormalities? x3 |
|
Definition
S: adenoma sebaceum (redfacial nodules)
Shagreens patches(leathery plaques on trunk)
Ash leaf patches
Seizures, progressive mental and phisical retardation |
|
|
Term
| what is found in struge weber syndrome? x4 |
|
Definition
Port wine stain on the face
Seizures
CNS: ocular problems and
xray shows calcifications of angiomas |
|
|
