Term
|
Definition
Central acting muscle relaxant
Derivative of GABA
For: Muscle spasms, spasticity, relieves hiccups
PO, intrathecal (continuous low dose) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Light headedness
dizziness
fatigue
euphoria
GI s/s
sexual dysfunction
hypotension
tachycardia
weight gain
**caution with other drugs |
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|
Term
|
Definition
For: tonic-clonic and psycomotor seizures
PO and IV |
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Term
| Dilantin (phenytoin) Dosing |
|
Definition
Therapeutic dose: 10-20 mcg/mL
DO NOT exceed 50 mg/min.
Dilute in 0.9% NS
Use large bore catheter.
Flush before and after administration with 0.9% NS
If Dextrose in soln, turn off and flush line. |
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Term
| Dilantin (phenytoin) Side Effects |
|
Definition
Dysrhythmias
Bone marrow suppression, neuropathies, gingival hyperplasia
Knocks out RBCs, WBCs, and platelets *pancytopenia* |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Increases synthesis/accumulation of inhibitory transmitte: GABA
Available PO capsules and liquid
For: partial seizures (add on) and for neuropathic pain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*avoid abrupt withdrawl
Can lead to seizures. |
|
|
Term
| Mestinon (pyridostigmine) |
|
Definition
Cholinergic agonist. Works against cholinesterase.
Makes more acetylcholine available
For: treating Myasthenia gravis
Available PO and IV |
|
|
Term
| Mestinon (pyridostigmine)Side Effects |
|
Definition
Caution with Asthma, bradycardia, or dysrhythmias, epilepsy
Caution with missed doses
**Take 30 minutes before meals** |
|
|
Term
| Mestonin (pyridostigmine) Signs of overdose |
|
Definition
blurred vision
clumsy
confusion
incr. muscle weakness
excess mouth watering
seizures
SOB/wheezing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor
*Does not cross BBB
Prevents breakdown of levodopa in the periphery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
precursor of dopamine
Can cross BBB (helps dopamine cross) |
|
|
Term
| Sinemet (carbidopa/levodopa) |
|
Definition
For Parkinson's disease which is an imbalance of dopamine(deficient) and ACh (excess)in basal ganglia
PO Bid (CR)/ 8 times daily
*Don't stop abruptly
*May take weeks to months to see therapeutic response |
|
|
Term
| Sinemet (carbidopa/levodopa) Side effects |
|
Definition
orthostatic hypotension
hemolytic anemia
agitation
anxiety
psychosis
dystonia
blurred vision
darkening of urine and sweat
*do not use with narrow-angle glaucoma, melanoma hx, and MAOIs |
|
|
Term
| Reminyl and Razadyne (galantamine) |
|
Definition
Cholinergic agonist; anticholineresterase agent
For: Alzheimers disease and dementia
PO--Bid dosing |
|
|
Term
| Reminyl and Razadyne ( galantamine)Side Effects |
|
Definition
N/V
dizziness
anorexia
syncope
*caution with renal or or hepatic impairment |
|
|
Term
| Isopto Carpine, Pilocar (pilocarpine) |
|
Definition
For patients with glaucoma who fail with Beta blockers
Cholinesterase inhibitor
Parasympathetic agent
Increases outflow of Aqueous Humor |
|
|
Term
Pilocar (pilocarpine), Isopto Carpine
Side Effects |
|
Definition
| Hypotension, bronchospasm, can worsen asthma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Beta Blocker for Glaucoma
Decreases aqueous humor production |
|
|
Term
| Timoptic (timolol)Side Effects |
|
Definition
Caution with asthma
Hypotension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (CAI)
Inhibits the enzyme carbonic anhydrase which decreases IOP by reducing AH formation for Glaucoma |
|
|
Term
| Trusopt (dorzolamide) Side Effects |
|
Definition
**check for Sulfa allergy
acidosis
electrolyte imbalance *hypokalemia |
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