Term
| multiple sclerosis- describe |
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Definition
| Autoimmune disease of a genetically susceptible individual. Causes inflammatory processes that lead to destruction of myelin-forming cells (oligodendrites) |
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Term
| 2 pathophysiological features of MS |
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Definition
1) demyelination of white matter
2) interaction between immune system |
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Term
| describe motor neuron disease |
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Definition
| lower and upper motor neurons degenerate and as a result the individual experiences progressive muscle weakness) |
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Term
| describe huntington's disease |
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Definition
| there is a severe degeneration within the basal nuclei of neurons, which send inhibitory signals to control motor functions. This allows excessive output of motor functions and abnormal movements. There is a decreased inhibition of GABA neurons and an increase in dopamine levels |
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Term
| clinical manifestations of Huntington's |
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Definition
| abnormal movements such as chorea, progressive function of intellect and though processes/dementia |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal movements. Begins at face and arms then to whole body |
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Term
| describe myasthenia gravis |
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Definition
| chronic autoimmune disease. Characteristics: muscle weakness and fatigue. There is a defect in nerve transmission. Immune response recognises receptors of post-synaptic cleft as foreign and produces antibodies to destroy them, Results in litre acytelcholine receptor transmission and inability of muscles to contract |
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Term
| describe Guillian-Barre's |
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Definition
| Associated with bacterial or viral infection. Autoimmune disease in which immune system destroys the myelin surrounding neuronal axons of the peripheral nervous system. Can also include the axon as well. |
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Term
| clinical manifestations of Guillian-Barre's |
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Definition
| fewer nerve signals due to lack of myelination. Muscles unable to contract leading to muscle weakness and wasting. Abnormal sensations, 'ascending paralysis-begins at feet |
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