Term
| What are the cells of the CNS? |
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Definition
| Neurons and Nueroglia (Glia) |
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Term
| What are neurons specialized for? |
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Definition
Excitation or Inhibition
impulse conduction |
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Term
| What are the neuroglia for? |
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Definition
| supportive interstiitial cells |
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Term
| What are the different types of Neuroglia? |
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Definition
Atrocytes
Oligodendrocytes
Microglia (mesoglia)
Ependymal cells |
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Term
| Where are the Neuroglia located? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| cell bodies of neurons embedded in a neuropil made up of unmyelinated cell processes plus glial cells |
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Term
| What's a nucleus in the bran? |
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Definition
group or cluster of nerve cell bodies with similar function...
*outside the brain = ganglion |
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Term
| Where do you find gray matter? |
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Definition
a. central part of spinal cord
b. brain stem (portions)
c. cortical tissue (cerebellum and cerebrum) |
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Term
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Definition
Long processes of neurons (predominantly myelinated) plus glial cells.
* Functionally related processes are grouped in “TRACTS” (ex. for pain, temperature) |
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Term
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Definition
Neuron cell bodies + myelinated cell processes + glial cells.
- Includes portions of brain stem (medulla, pons, midbrain.) |
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Term
| What are the characteristics of a neuron cell body (Perikaryon)? |
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Definition
- large, single,central nucleus (except ANS w. eccentric)
- lots of euchromatic
- Nissl substance (not in axons)
- organelles
- pigments (lipofuscin in older cells, melanin in substantia nigra of midbrain) |
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Term
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Definition
- stacks of flattened cisternae of RER mixed w lots of free ribosomes
- blue patches in H and E stain
-*chromatolysis: dissolution after N injury
- found in perikeryon and dendrites |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
cytoplasm of axon
- no golgi and RER |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Multipolar
Bipolar
Unipolar
Pseudounipolar |
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Term
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Definition
-many dendritic processes with one axon
- most neurons |
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Term
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Definition
- 2 processes: 1 dendrite, 1 axon
- inner ear, retina |
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Term
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Definition
1 axon only
- retina of eye |
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Term
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Definition
axonal process + dendritic process
- somatic sensory fibers to spinal cord |
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Term
| What shape are the nuclei of oligocytes? |
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Definition
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Term
| What shape are the nuclei of astrocytes? |
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Definition
-irregular
-lighter stain
- larger than oligocytes |
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Term
| How are the feet of astrocytes connected? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
a. support
b. chemical transport (between capillaries and neurons). |
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Term
| What are the different parts of the brainstem? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three parts of the diencephalon? |
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Definition
| Thalamus, Hypothalamus, epithalamus |
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Term
| What overlies the 4th ventricle? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- anterior wall of 3rd ventricle
- houses the anterior commissure (cord from side to side) |
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Term
| landmarks below the 3rd ventricle |
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Definition
Optic Chiasm
Pituitary stalk
Mammillary body
posterior commissure
pineal gland |
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Term
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Definition
| major commissure connecting 2 hemispheres |
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Term
|
Definition
lymbic system
fibrous connection |
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Term
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Definition
-between corpus callosum & fornix
-separates the left & right lateral ventricles |
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Term
| What are the 4 lobes seen in mid sag section? |
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Definition
occipital, pariental, frontal, temperal
**Can't see the ______ lobe |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| white line that goes over the thalamus |
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Term
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Definition
bump on the surface of the thalamus
with: habenular nucleus, habenular commissure((in the dorsal wall of the pineal stalk) |
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Term
| What is the major afferent tract to the habenula? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the major efferent tract from the habenula project to? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the posterior commissure connect? |
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Definition
Visual system stuff
Pretectal nucleus and superior colliculus |
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Term
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Definition
-compresses visual nuerons (midbrain tectum) -> eye movement disorders
-closes off cerebral aqueduct (ventricular) -> build up of CSF pressure -> hydrocephalus |
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