Term
| ~How much CSF is produced by the choroid plexus per day? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Total CSF volume in adults? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Total CSF volume in children? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Opening pressure when collecting CSF? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Three tube set up for CSF tap? |
|
Definition
Tube 1- chemistry & immunology
Tube 2- microbiology (clean specimen)
Tube 3- cell count, differential, cytology |
|
|
Term
| Indications for spinal tap? |
|
Definition
Meningeal infection
subarachnoid hemorrhage
Tumor
Demyelinating disease |
|
|
Term
| What does a clot in the collected CSF indicate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Required labs for all spinal taps |
|
Definition
Opening pressure
Glucose
Cell count & differential
Protein |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pink, orange, or yellow tinge of CSF due to RBCs |
|
|
Term
| Differential for bacterial meningitis? |
|
Definition
| Increased neutrophils, PMNs or segs |
|
|
Term
| Differential for viral/fungal meningitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Low glucose for meningitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Normal CSF glucose related to blood glucose? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which bacterial infection will raise CSF lymphocytes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| screening and confirmatory tests for neurosyphilis? |
|
Definition
Screen- VDRL
Confirm- FTA-Abs |
|
|
Term
| MC cause of fungal meningitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lab tests for cryptococcus? |
|
Definition
India ink
Agglutination test |
|
|
Term
| MC cause of viral meningitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bacterial meningitis etiologies in neonates? |
|
Definition
Gram negative
Strep
Listeria |
|
|
Term
| Bacterial meningitis etiologies in children <15? |
|
Definition
H. influena type b
N. meningitidis
S. pneumoniae |
|
|
Term
| Bacterial meningitis etiologies in adults >15? |
|
Definition
S. pneumoniae
N. meningitidis
Listeria (age >60)
Gram (-) bacilli |
|
|
Term
| Tx for listeria in very young/old? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Contraindications for LP? |
|
Definition
Pts w/ cardiorespiratory compromise- position may worsen their condition
Signs of herniation or potential herniation- ICP (funduscopy or CT)
Coagulopathy or anticoagulant therapy- increased risk of spinal hematoma |
|
|
Term
| Layers penetrated by LP from external to internal? |
|
Definition
| Skin > SQ tissue > Supraspinous ligament > Interspinous ligament > Ligamentum flavum > Posterior epidural space > Dura > Subarachnoid space > nerves of cauda equina |
|
|
Term
| At which layer of penetration do you typically feel a "popping" sensation? |
|
Definition
Ligamentum flavum
Proceed in 2mm segments, w/drawing stylette at every increment to check for CSF flow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Length of LP needle for infants, children, adults? |
|
Definition
Infants- 1.5 in (3.8 cm)
Children- 2.5 in (6.3cm)
Adults- 3.5 in (8.9cm) |
|
|
Term
| ~ how much fluid is collected in a spinal tap? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Viscous CSF indicates what? |
|
Definition
| Increased protein exudate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
WBC > 200 cells/L
RBC > 400 cells/L
Microorganisms, increased protein |
|
|
Term
| What molecules can cause xanthochromia? |
|
Definition
| Carotinoids, melatonin, rifampin therapy |
|
|
Term
| What pathologies (besides viral) can cause increased lymphocytes? |
|
Definition
| SSPE, MS, GBS, Sarcoidosis, polyneuritis |
|
|
Term
| Can we use RPR to diagnose syphilis in CSF? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Quickest test to pick up fungus in CSF? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you contract Primary Amoeba Meningoencephalitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do we need to d/c aspirin in LP? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How far ahead of an LP should we d/c clopidogrel? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How far ahead of an LP should we d/c iv heparin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How far ahead of an LP should we d/c SQ unfractionated heparin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How far ahead of an LP should we d/c LMWH? |
|
Definition
|
|
