Term
| What is the #1 neurologic disease? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the #2 neurologic disease? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the #3 neurologic disease? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are older patients worried about? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are younger patients worried about? |
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Definition
multiple sclerosis
brain tumor |
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Term
| What major things do you need to think about when coming up with a neurological diagnosis? |
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Definition
-timing and duration of symptoms
-can one disease account for all symptoms
-is history suggestive of a single focus (tumor/stroke) or multiple sites (MS) |
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Term
| What do symptoms of acute onset suggest? |
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Definition
| vascular cause or seizure |
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Term
| What do symptoms that wax and wane with exacerbations and remissions suggest? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do symptoms that are subacute in onset suggest? |
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Definition
| mass lesion (tumor, abscess) |
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Term
| What do symptoms that are chronic and progressive suggest? |
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Definition
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Term
| What specific condition do you think of it symptoms are hyperacute? |
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Definition
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Term
| What specific condition do you think of if symptoms are subactue? |
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Definition
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Term
| What specific condition do you think of if symptoms are chronic over months to years? |
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Definition
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Term
| What specific condition to do you think of if symptoms are characterized by attacks with recovery in between? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the components of mental status? |
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Definition
physical appearance and behavior
cognitive abilities
emotional stability
speech and language |
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Term
| What are the levels of consciousness? |
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Definition
awake and oriented
confusion
lethargy
delirium
stupor
coma |
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Term
| What is the Glascow Coma Scale? |
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Definition
-quantitative test of consciousness
-looks at eye, verbal, and motor responses
-max score of 15, min of 3
-versions available for adults, children, and infants |
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Term
| What is the point breakdown for the eye portion of the Glascow Coma Scale for adults? |
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Definition
4-open
3-to voice
2-to pain
1-no response |
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Term
| What is the point breakdown for the verbal portion of the Glascow Coma Scale for adults? |
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Definition
5-oriented and alert
4-disoriented
3-nonsensical speech
2-moans, unintelligible
1-no reponse |
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Term
| What is the point breakdown for the motor portion of the Glascow Coma Scale for adults? |
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Definition
6-follows commands
5-localizes pain
4-withdraws to pain
3-decorticate flexion
2-decerebrate extension
1-no response |
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Term
| Where is the damage if someone has hemiplegia? |
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Definition
| corticospinal tract above brainstem |
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Term
| Hemiplegia is caused by unilateral/bilateral brain damage? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of paralysis occurs with hemiplegia? |
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Definition
flaccid early on, then spastic
no spontaneous movement |
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Term
| Where is the damage if a patient has decorticate posturing? |
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Definition
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Term
| What characterizes the paralysis associated with decorticate posturing? |
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Definition
-abnormal flexor responses
-arms tight to sides with flexion of the elbows, wrists, and fingers
-extended legs, plantar flexion of the feet |
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Term
| Where is the damage if a patient has decerebrate posturing? |
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Definition
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Term
| What characterizes the paralysis associated with decerebrate posturing? |
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Definition
-abnormal extensor response
-arms extended and pronated with flexed wrists
-legs extended with plantar flexion of feet
-jaws clenched
-may have back rigidly arched |
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Term
| What characterizes delirium? |
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Definition
sudden onset of acute confusional state with disordered perceptions
"sundowning" |
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Term
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Definition
| clinical syndrome of failing memory, decreased intelligence, and behavioral abnormalities |
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Term
| What are the components of assessing cognitive abilities? |
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Definition
response to questions
calculation
writing ability
execution of motor skills
memory (immediate, recent, remote)
attention span
judgement |
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Term
| What are the components of the emotional stability assessment? |
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Definition
mood and feelings
thought process and content
perceptual distortions and hallucinations
suicidal/homicidal ideations |
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Term
| What are the components of speech and language skills? |
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Definition
voice quality
articulation
comprehension
coherence |
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Term
| What are the 3 types of aphasia? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-understands words, but cannot express self
-reading intact; writing impaired |
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Term
| What is Wernicke's aphasia? |
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Definition
-hears, but doesn't understand
-fluent speech, but nonsensical
-reading and writing impaired |
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Term
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Definition
-may understand only their own name
-cannot speak to only a few words or sounds
-reading and writing ability severely impaired |
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Term
| How do you test for aphasia? |
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Definition
word comprehension
repetition
naming
reading comprehension
writing |
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Term
| What is the max score on a mini mental status exam? |
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Definition
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Term
| What test should you consider if a patient has a higher order thinking disorder? |
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Definition
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Term
| What 6 item screening test may detect mild dementia earlier? |
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Definition
| cognitive impairment test |
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Term
| On a cognitive impairment test, the _______ the score, the better. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
olfactory
optic
oculomotor
trochlear
trigeminal
abducens
facial
vestibulocochlear (acoustic)
glossopharyngeal
vagus
accessory
hypoglossal |
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