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Neuro Exam 1
Neuro Lecture 8
56
Architecture
8th Grade
08/28/2013

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Term
the main goal of Parkinson's is to increase _?
in what part of the brain?
Definition
Dopamine
striatum
Term
what is the secondary therapuetic goal of PD?
thru what receptor?
Definition
decrease endogenous ACh actions
muscarinic
Term
why can tyou adminster dopamaine directly?-3
Definition
destoryed in GI
cant be absorbed
must be IV but even then cant cross BB
Term
what is the prodrug given as dopamaine?
what is the transproter for this across the BBB?
Definition
L-dopa/Levodopa
LAT
Term
limit intake of _ to increase l-dopa absorption in the intestine?
Definition
protein
Term
what is Levodopa always combined with?
why?
Definition
decarboxylase inhbitor
to decrease decarboxylation to dopamine too quickly
Term
ADEs of levodopa?-3
Definition
nausea, hallucinaitons, hyoptension
Term
long term treatment with levodopa leads to?
specifiaccly?
Definition
motor complicaitons
on/off response fluctations
dyskinesia
freezing
Term
what happens to therapuetic window with longer treatment of l-dopa?
Definition
narrows
Term
most pts develop what?
Definition
response fluctuations
Term
l-dopa shoul;d be taken with what the first few week?S
why?
Definition
food
to slow absorption
Term
L-DOpa is excerted where?
Definition
kidneys
Term
what is the decarboxylase inhibitor?
Definition
carbidopa
Term
what is the combo drug of carbidopa and L dopa?
Definition
Sinemet
Term
what is the drug of just carbidopa
Definition
lodosyn
Term
COMT inhibitpors are used as what?
what are they used to decrease?
Definition
adjunct med
response fluctuations
Term
what is the COMT inhibitor peripherally and centrally drug?
Definition
tolcapone
Term
what is the generic of Tasmar
Definition
tolcapone
Term
side effect of tolcapone-1
Definition
jaundice
Term
what test needs to be done for tolcapone?
Definition
blood test for hepatic function
Term
COMT inhibitor drug (just peripherally)
Definition
entacapone
Term
generic of Comtan
Definition
entacapone
Term
which is more preferred tolcapone or entacapone?
why?
Definition
entacapone
no severe ADEs
Term
what is the combo of ldopa, carbidopa, and entacapone
Definition
Stalevo
Term
side effects of entacapone-2
Definition
nausea, othrostatic hypotension
Term
L dopa without being given with any other drug only has what % transported across the BB?
Definition
3%
Term
what MAO isoenzyme is for the deamination of dopamine in the brain?
Definition
B
Term
MAO- B inhibitor?
what is the other names for it-3
Definition
selegline
eldepryl, emsam, zelapar
Term
what meds effects can be decreased with selegline?
Definition
l dopa
Term
what is usually the frist drug of choice for PD?
Definition
selegiline
Term
what are the metabolites of selegline-2
Definition
amphetamine
methamphetamine
Term
what 2 adminstraiotns of selegiline reduce the metabolites and so reduce side effects?
Definition
trnasdermal
orl disintegrating
Term
this is the irreversible MAO-B inhibitor
Definition
Rasagiline
Term
generic of Azilect
Definition
Rasagiline
Term
how does rasagiline compare to selegiline
Definition
Rasagiline has less side effects
Term
for the two pathways that regulate movement, which does dopamaine stimulate and which does it inhibit?
what is the net response?
Definition
direct
indirect
pureposeful movement
Term
when are dopamine agonists used? -3
Definition
initial therapies, young pts, adjunst to l dopa
Term
what are the dopamine agonists now approved for monotherapy?
Definition
ropinirole
pramipexole
Term
what is the duraiton of action for ropinirole?
is it well absorbed orally?
Definition
8-24 hrs
yes
Term
generic for requip
Definition
ropinirole
Term
generic for mirapex
Definition
pramipexole
Term
what other D recptors does the mirapex act on?
Definition
D2, D3, D4
Term
generic of Apokyn
Definition
apomorphine
Term
what is the oldest and most potenet dopamine agonist?
what does it have highest affinty for?
Definition
apomorphine
D4
Term
how is apo morphine administerred?
Definition
S.C
Term
what medd is the rescue med for ppl with intermitent off periods?
Definition
apomorphine
Term
generic of neupro
Definition
rotigotine
Term
how is rotigotine adminsterred?
Definition
transdermal
Term
what is the MOA of rotigotine?
Definition
D2 agonist
Term
how do anticholinergic meds help PD?-2
what symtpoms do they mostly treat?
Definition
block muscarinic recpt
block dopamaine reuptake
tremors
Term
depleted dopamine causes increased what?
why?
Definition
cholinergic activity
because D2 normally inhibits it
Term
what are the anticholinergic meds?
Definition
benztropine
trihexyphenidyl
Term
generic for Cogentin
Definition
benztropine
Term
generic for Artane
Definition
trihexyphendyl
Term
what is the antiviral drug that cna enhance DA rlease and inhibit reuptake?
what other effects does it have?-2
Definition
amantadine
blocks NMDA and has anti ACh
Term
generic of Symmertrel
Definition
amantadine
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