Term
| A change in tone occurs if the patient's movement is under: |
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Definition
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Term
| This reflex is activated by turning the head to one side. As a result to arm and leg of the same side will extend, while the opposite limbs bend (flexor tone). This reflex is inhibited by 6 mos/ |
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Definition
| Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex |
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Term
Prone position results in increased flexor tone in arms and legs.
Supine position results in increased extensor tone in arms and legs. |
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Definition
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Term
| Emerges around 6 months integrates around 12 months. Flexion of the head results in flexion of arms and extension of legs. Extension of the head results in extension of arms and flexion of legs. |
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Definition
| Symmetrical tonic neck reflex |
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Term
Palmar and Plantar Grasp Reflex:
Integration: |
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Definition
Light touch on palm causes flexion of fingers or toes
Seldom seen after 4 or 5 months |
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Term
| Firm stroke along lateral border of the sole from heel to toe results in flexion or extension of the big toe and fanning of other toes. |
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Definition
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Term
| Sudden movemnt of the head on the shoulders results with wide abduction of the arms and opening of the hands. Within moments, arms come together. Back muscles tense, legs flex, baby cries. |
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Definition
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Term
| Asymmetry during the Moro Reflex and/or failure of the arms to move freely or the hands to open fully indicates ____ or ___ |
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Definition
| Central or Peripheral system lesion or Hypotonia |
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Term
| ATNR is most evident between ___ and ___ months |
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Definition
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Term
| Development of head rights and the ability to control the head position irrespective of gravity assists in motor development. Two examples of these reflexes are: |
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Definition
| Labyrinthine head righting and Landau Reflex |
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Term
Body Scheme is considered to be the foundation for future skills in the perception of environmental space. Damage to which lobe likely leads to body scheme disorders?
Name 4 Body scheme disorders: |
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Definition
Parietal lobe damage
1. Somatognosia
2. Unilateral neglect
3. Right/Left discrimination
4. Finger agnosia |
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Term
| _____ is the inability to integrate perceptions from the left side of the body or left side of the environment. May present with or without visual and sensory impairments. |
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Definition
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Term
How is an evaluation of neglect performed?
What other deficits must be ruled out as causes of poor performance? (2) |
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Definition
Table top tasks: Drawing and copying tasks, cancellation tasks, line bisection, Observation performing functional tasks.
Constructional apraxia or visual field deficit |
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Term
Abbreviated scanning pattern, scanning pattern organized, rescanning is observed, time and effort are appropriate for the task. |
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Definition
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Term
Interventions for unilateral neglect: |
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Definition
Remedial: attention training (scanning, patching) and adaptive/compensatory (anchoring, cuing, prisms) |
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Term
| How can one distinguish between sensory neglect and motor neglect? |
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Definition
| Contrast a task that requires a hand response with one that has minimal motor response |
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Term
____ is the inability to carry out purposeful movement in the presence of intact sensation, movement and coordination.
The 3 types are: |
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Definition
Apraxia
1. Constructional
2. Limb
3. Dressing |
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Term
| Patient is asked to pantomime an activity or carry out a series of steps their performance is not correctly or smoothly executed |
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Definition
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Term
| Testing for this type of apraxia traditionally consists of gesture production: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which type of gestures are most difficult for an individual with limb apraxia? |
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Definition
| Distal transitive (putting on makeup) |
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Term
Apraxia often occurs with _______.
During evaluation how should questions be presented in order to distinguish between the two disorders? |
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Definition
Aphasia
Questions should be answered by a Yes/No response and by pointing to the correct answer. |
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Term
| Constructional apraxia is a specific deficit in _____ _____ performance. |
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Definition
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Term
| Functionally, constructional apraxia presents as a difficulty with any mechanical activity________, such as: (2) |
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Definition
| in which parts are to be combined into a whole. Making a sandwich, setting a table |
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Term
| With Right brain damage constructional apraxia is the result of |
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Definition
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Term
| Dressing apraxia is usually due to |
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Definition
| RBD and visuospatial deficit |
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Term
| Sample Interventions for Apraxia: |
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Definition
Keep verbal commands to minimum, Perform in natural environment, Chaining, Sensorimotor feedback, Gross motor v. Fine
Instructions: verbal, written, visual
Assistance: Verbally direct attention, Gesture, Explain picture sequence, Sensorimotor stim (guiding, positioning)
Feedback: Verbal- Encourage pt to consciously evaluate performance. Visual: place mirror in front of pt or videotape. Physical: support limbs, body positioning, handing the object to the patient |
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Term
| What are the criteria for sensory processing disorders (3) |
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Definition
Sequencing of motor tasks,
Initiation of activities
Ocular pursuits |
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Term
| A Client with a lower brain stem injury will likely demonstrate which reflex? |
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Definition
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Term
Name the reflex
Stimulus: change in head position (forward or backward)
Response: change in muscle tone (flexion or extension) |
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Definition
| Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex |
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Term
| Describe the typical UE flexor synergy pattern: |
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Definition
1. Scapular ADDuction and Elevation
2. Shoulder ABDuction and EXternal rotation
3. Elbow Flexion and Forearm Supination |
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Term
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Definition
| RD is able to hold his head in midline and rotate it to both sides. Shoulders are elevated, L>R. His arms are bilateral externally rotated, abducted, and elbows flexed. Bilaterally, the wrists are flexed; fingers are in neutral, with the thumb flexed. The hips are internally rotated. He displays genu valgum, and bilaterally, the feet are in an equinovarus positioning. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
| True or False: Generalization is a treatment technique |
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Definition
| False: Generalization is a desired outcome of intervention |
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Term
| Name the Neuro FOR: Abnormal movement patterns are caused by repeated practice of compensatory movement strategies that become overlearned |
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Definition
| Carr and Shepherd's Motor Learn Program |
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Term
| Name the Neurological FOR: Personal and environmental systems, including the CNS, are heterarchically organized |
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Definition
| Contemporary Task-Oriented Approach |
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Term
| What is the ultimate goal of Motor Learning Theory? |
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Definition
| Acquiring functional skills that can be generalized to multiple situations and environments. |
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Term
Stages of Motor Learning:
Stage 1 __ , (skill acquisition) |
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Definition
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Term
Stages of Motor Learning:
Stage 2 ___ (Skill retention) |
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Definition
Associated stage
Feedback is variable, summed, fading, bandwidth
Practice is also variable- serial or random
Progress toward open, changing enviornment |
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Term
Stages of Motor Learning:
Stage 3 ___ (skill transfer) |
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Definition
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Term
| What position helps reduce LE spasticity? |
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Definition
At least 90 degrees of hip flexion
Trombly 1083-1090 |
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Term
| How would an OT describe the recovery process for a patient with an incomplete spinal cord injury? |
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Definition
| Each day the goes without return of function decreases the likelihood of recovery |
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Term
| Visual memory and figure–ground skills are examples of: |
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Definition
| Visual-cognitive functions |
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Term
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Definition
| Binocular depth perception |
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Term
| What visual skill would be affected by CNS damage? |
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Definition
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Term
| Hoen and Yahr's 5 stage scale for PD: First signs of impaired righting reflexes, balance impairments, onset of disability in ADL |
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Definition
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Term
| Hoen and Yahr's 5 stage scale for PD: Able to walk and stand unaided, Unable to live alone without some assistance |
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Definition
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Term
| Hoen and Yahr's 5 stage scale for PD: Confined to wheelchair, max assist. Can't walk or stand |
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Definition
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Term
| Hoen and Yahr's 5 stage scale for PD: Bilateral tremor, rigidity or akinesia, no balance problems, I w/ ADLs |
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Definition
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Term
| Hoen and Yahr's 5 stage scale for PD: Unilateral tremor rigidity or akinesia minimal, no functional impairment. |
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Definition
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Term
| People with PD do not perform well with external auditory cues; therefore, silently counting each step, would not be the best option. |
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Definition
| False: pple with PD perform WELL with external auditory cues |
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