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Networking (Part 1)
CTN270
237
Computer Networking
Undergraduate 1
07/03/2014

Additional Computer Networking Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What does the abbreviation LAN stand for?
Definition
Local Area Network
Term
What does the abbreviation WAN stand for?
Definition
Wide Area Network
Term
What does the abbreviation PAN stand for?
Definition
Personal Area Network
Term
What does the abbreviation MAN stand for?
Definition
Metropolitan Area Network
Term
What does the abbreviation OSI stand for?
Definition
Open Systems Interconnection
Term
1) What does the abbreviation ANSI stand for? 2) What does this organization do?
Definition
1) American National Standards Institute 2) Determines standards for the electronics industry and other fields.
Term
1) What does the abbreviation IEEE stand for? 2) What does this organization do?
Definition
1) Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2) Engineering professionals that promote development and education in the electrical engineering and computer science fields, and set standards for electronics and computer industries.
Term
1) What does the abbreviation EIA stand for? 2) What does this organization do?
Definition
1) Electronic Industries Alliance 2) Sets standards for electronics manufacturing.
Term
1) What does the abbreviation TIA stand for? 2) What does this organization do?
Definition
1) Telecommunications Industry Association 2) Sets standards for networking and information technology.
Term
1) What does the abbreviation ISO stand for? 2) What does this organization do?
Definition
1) International Organization for Standardization 2) Sets international technological standards for trade and information exchange.
Term
1) What does the abbreviation ITU stand for? 2) What does this organization do?
Definition
1) International Telecommunications Unit 2) Regulates international telecommunications and provides technical expertise and equipment to developing countries.
Term
1) What does the abbreviation ISOC stand for? 2) What does this organization do?
Definition
1) Information Security Operations Center 2) Establishes technical standards for the internet.
Term
1) What does the abbreviation IANA stand for? 2) What does this organization do?
Definition
1) Internet Assigned Numbers Authority 2) Keeps records of available and reserved IP addresses.
Term
1) What does the abbreviation ICANN stand for? 2) What does this organization do?
Definition
1) Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers 2) Manages the distribution of IP addresses and DNS systems.
Term
What does the abbreviation PDU stand for?
Definition
Protocol Data Unit
Term
What does the abbreviation OUI stand for?
Definition
Organizationally Unique Identifier
Term
What does the abbreviation SSL stand for?
Definition
Secure Sockets Layer
Term
What does the abbreviation MTU stand for?
Definition
Maximum Transmission Unit
Term
What does the abbreviation MAC (in MAC address) stand for?
Definition
Media Access Control
Term
What does the abbreviation TLS stand for?
Definition
Transport Layer Security
Term
What does the abbreviation API stand for?
Definition
Application Programming Interface
Term
What does the abbreviation FCS stand for?
Definition
Frame Check Sequence
Term
What does the abbreviation EFF stand for?
Definition
Electronic Frontier Foundation
Term
What does the abbreviation IP stand for?
Definition
Internet Protocol
Term
What does the abbreviation CRC stand for?
Definition
Cyclic Redundancy Check
Term
What does the abbreviation APIPA stand for?
Definition
Automatic Private IP Addressing
Term
What does the abbreviation LLC stand for?
Definition
Logical Link Control
Term
What does the abbreviation RTT stand for?
Definition
Round Trip Time
Term
What does the abbreviation TTL stand for?
Definition
Time To Live or Hop Limit (both terms are correct)
Term
What does the abbreviation ARP stand for?
Definition
Address Resolution Protocol
Term
What does the abbreviation TCP stand for?
Definition
Transmission Control Protocol
Term
What does the abbreviation UDP stand for?
Definition
User Datagram Protocol
Term
What does the abbreviation NTP stand for?
Definition
Network Time Protocol
Term
What does the abbreviation DHCP stand for?
Definition
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
Term
What does the abbreviation SSH stand for?
Definition
Secure Shell
Term
What are the layers of the OSI model?
Definition
Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, Application
Term
OSI model layer that facilitates communication between software programs and low layer network services.
Definition
Application Layer (7)
Term
OSI model layer at which protocols accept data from APIs and format it to be understood by another application and host. Handles encryption and compression of data.
Definition
Presentation Layer (6)
Term
OSI model layer that coordinates and maintains communications between two nodes on a network.
Definition
Session Layer (5)
Term
OSI model layer that accepts session data and manages delivery of data through flow control, segmentation, and error correction.
Definition
Transport Layer (4)
Term
OSI model layer that routes data from the sender to the receiver. Among other functions, it accepts segments and converts them to packets by adding logical addressing information.
Definition
Network Layer (3)
Term
OSI model layer that divides data into frames in order to be moved in and out of physical devices and connections.
Definition
Data Link Layer (2)
Term
OSI model layer that accepts frames and generates signals (electrical, light, or electromagnetic pulses) that represent information as changes in the NIC or wire voltage.
Definition
Physical Layer (1)
Term
The model used to describe network communications.
Definition
OSI Model
Term
What are some organizations that oversee standards for networking and/or computing?
Definition
ANSI, IEEE, EIA, TIA, ISO, IANA, ICANN
Term
A set of programming instructions and routines used by web-based software.
Definition
API (Application Programming Interface)
Term
A set of rules that define the format for network communications between devices.
Definition
Protocol
Term
A connection for ongoing data exchange between two parties.
Definition
Session
Term
The process of gauging the appropriate rate of transmission based on how fast the recipient can accept data.
Definition
Flow Control
Term
Protocols that follow the process of establishing a connection with another node before beginning to transmit data.
Definition
Connection Oriented
Term
A packet request for a connection to the web server.
Definition
SYN packet (Synchronization)
Term
A packet response from a server that indicates it is willing to make a connection.
Definition
SYN-ACK packet (Synchronization-Acknowledgement)
Term
A packet response from a client that confirms the ability to make a connection.
Definition
ACK packet (Acknowledgement)
Term
A process used by TCP to establish a connection.
Definition
Three-way Handshake
Term
A unique character string that allows the receiving node to determine if an arriving data unit exactly matches the data unit sent by the source.
Definition
Checksum
Term
The process of decreasing the size of data units when moving data from a network that can handle large data units to a network that can handle only smaller data units.
Definition
Segmentation
Term
A unit of data resulting from subdividing a larger protocol data unit.
Definition
Segment
Term
The process of reconstructing segmented data units.
Definition
Reassembly
Term
The largest data unit that a network will carry.
Definition
MTU
Term
A method of identifying segments that belong to the same group of subdivided data.
Definition
Sequencing
Term
Protocols that do not establish a connection before transmitting.
Definition
Connectionless protocols
Term
The process of decreasing the size of data units when moving data from a network that can handle large data units to a network that can handle only smaller data units.
Definition
Segmentation
Term
A unit of data resulting from subdividing a larger protocol data unit.
Definition
Segment
Term
The process of reconstructing segmented data units.
Definition
Reassembly
Term
A method of identifying segments that belong to the same group of subdivided data.
Definition
Sequencing
Term
A hierarchical addressing scheme that identifies a node.
Definition
Network Address, Network Layer Address, Logical Address, or Virtual Address (All terms are correct)
Term
An address unique to a node's hardware.
Definition
Physical Address, MAC Address, or Hardware Address (all terms are correct)
Term
The process of intelligently directing data based on addressing, patterns of usage, and availability.
Definition
Routing
Term
Device that connects network segments and directs data.
Definition
Router
Term
Protocol that provides information about how and where data should be delivered.
Definition
IP
Term
A function performed by a network layer protocol that subdivides the segments received from the transport layer into smaller packets.
Definition
Fragmentation
Term
Software that runs on a server and enables the server to manage networking functions.
Definition
NOS (Network Operating System)
Term
The connector or port for an Ethernet cable (not the cable itself).
Definition
RJ-45
Term
The connector or port for a phone cable (not the cable itself).
Definition
RJ-11
Term
Device that enables a workstation to connect to a network and communicate with other devices.
Definition
NIC (Network Interface Card) or Network Adapter (both terms are correct)
Term
A device connected to a network that has a unique address and is capable of sending or receiving data.
Definition
Node
Term
A discrete unit of information sent from one node to another on a network.
Definition
Packet, Data Packet, or Datagram (all terms are correct)
Term
A computer that runs a desktop operating system and connects to a network.
Definition
Workstation
Term
A method of data transmission that involves breaking packets into parts that can travel through any path on a network and are later reassembled at their destination.
Definition
Packet Switching
Term
Small blocks of data with control, addressing, and handling information attached to them.
Definition
Frames
Term
A group of computers and other devices that are connected by transmission media in order to exchange data between them.
Definition
Network
Term
A type of network in which every device can communicate directly with one another.
Definition
Peer-to-Peer Network
Term
A type of network that relies on one or more centrally administered servers to manage shared resources for multiple devices.
Definition
Client/Server Network
Term
A network confined to a relatively small space, usually one building, such as a home or single office.
Definition
LAN
Term
A computer that enables resource sharing by other computers on the same network.
Definition
Host
Term
The use of data networks to carry voice (phone), video, and other types of communications services in addition to data.
Definition
Convergence
Term
A computer that requests resources from another computer on the network. This term may also refer to the user of such a computer, or an application on the computer.
Definition
Client
Term
Part of a network to which significant shared devices connect. This may include routers, switches, and servers.
Definition
Backbone
Term
Scheme for assigning a unique identifying number to every device on the network.
Definition
Addressing
Term
A server that allows applications and data to be shared across the network.
Definition
File Server
Term
A network connecting clients and servers from multiple buildings within a limited geographical area.
Definition
MAN
Term
A server that runs communications services that enable remote users to log on to a network.
Definition
Remote Access Server or Access Server (both terms are correct)
Term
Property of a network that allows its size to be increased easily.
Definition
Scalable
Term
Computer on a network that manages shared resources and network functions.
Definition
Server
Term
Method of exchanging data between computers that are not connected to a network.
Definition
Sneakernet
Term
The process of installing an application from a server to a client.
Definition
Software Distribution
Term
A computer that is not connected to a network, and uses only data from its local disks.
Definition
Stand-Alone Computer
Term
The physical layout of devices on a network.
Definition
Topology
Term
The data transmission and processing activity taking place on a network at any given time.
Definition
Traffic
Term
The means through which data is transmitted and received. This may be physical or wireless.
Definition
Transmission Media
Term
The centralized management of mutliple types of network based communications, including voice, video, fax, and messaging services.
Definition
Unified Communications
Term
A network that spans a long distance and connects two or more LANs. The internet is the largest example of this.
Definition
WAN
Term
A device that selectively filters traffic between networks. Used to block unwanted ports and packets.
Definition
Firewall
Term
A device that allows two or more networks or multiple parts of one network to exchange data.
Definition
Connectivity Device
Term
The interference of one node's data transmission with the data transmission of another node sharing the same segment. Can result in the loss of packets.
Definition
Collision
Term
A type of wireless LAN in which devices communicate directly with one another without using an access point.
Definition
Ad hoc Network
Term
A network topology in which all nodes on the network are connected in a daisy chain using a cable.
Definition
Bus topology
Term
A network topology in which each node is connected to the nearest nodes so that the network forms a circle. Data is then transmitted in one direction around the circle. This topology is often considered outdated.
Definition
Ring topology
Term
A network topology in which every node is connected through a central device. Only up to two nodes will share a single cable when using this topology. This is one of the most common network topologies.
Definition
Star topology
Term
An algorithm used to verify the accuracy of data contained in a data frame.
Definition
CRC
Term
Field in a frame responsible for ensuring that data carried from the frame arrives intact. It uses an algorithm to accomplish this verification.
Definition
FCS
Term
A control frame that indicates to the rest of the network that a particular node has the right to transmit data.
Definition
Token
Term
The first half of a MAC address, which identifies the manufacturer of the device.
Definition
OUI, company_id, or Block ID (all terms are correct)
Term
The second half of a MAC address, which is unique to a device and assigned by the manufacturer of the device.
Definition
Extension Identifier or Device ID (both terms are correct)
Term
A unit of data at any layer of the OSI model.
Definition
PDU
Term
Which OSI model layer initiates the flow of information?
Definition
Application (Layer 7)
Term
What OSI model layers are NICs on?
Definition
Data Link (Layer 2) and Physical (Layer 1)
Term
What OSI model layer are routers on?
Definition
Network (Layer 3)
Term
What OSI model layer are switches on?
Definition
Data Link (Layer 2)
Term
What OSI model layer are modems on?
Definition
Data Link (Layer 2) and Physical (Layer 1)
Term
What OSI model layer are hubs on?
Definition
Physical (Layer 1)
Term
In which OSI model layer does TCP operate?
Definition
Transport (Layer 4)
Term
In which OSI model layer does IP operate?
Definition
Network (Layer 3)
Term
The process of adding information to a PDU so that it can be interpreted by a lower layer.
Definition
Encapsulation
Term
IEEE standard for wireless networking at many different broadcast frequencies.
Definition
802.11
Term
IEEE standard for Ethernet.
Definition
802.3
Term
A small network used for data transmission among an individual's devices.
Definition
PAN
Term
What is "cat" in cables? (Cat 5, Cat 6, etc)
Definition
Category
Term
The removal of redundant information from data blocks in order to minimize the size of the data transmission.
Definition
Compression
Term
What is the EIA/TIA standard for network cabling?
Definition
TIA/EIA 568
Term
Assigns IP addresses to devices running a Windows operating system when an IP address cannot be assigned by a DHCP server.
Definition
APIPA
Term
The simplest form of a network is a client/server network... True or False?
Definition
False
Term
Clients on a client/server network share their resources directly with each other... True or False?
Definition
False
Term
Which network model ensures that no computer on the network has more authority than another?
Definition
Peer-to-Peer
Term
What is the most popular type of network for medium- and large-scale organizations?
Definition
Client/Server Network
Term
Which network topology is the most common?
Definition
Star
Term
The phenomenon of offering multiple types of communications services on the same network is known as?
Definition
Convergence
Term
To function as a server, a computer must be running what?
Definition
Network Operating System
Term
The application or progress of sending data signals over a medium from one point to another.
Definition
Transmission
Term
Problem caused by signals from nearby wires interfering with one another.
Definition
Cross Talk (also called Noise or Interference)
Term
A signal that uses variable voltage to create continuous waves.
Definition
Analog
Term
A signal composed of pulses that can only have an on or off (1 or 0) value.
Definition
Digital
Term
A device that changes analog signals into digital signals at the transmitting end and changes digital signals into analog signals at the receiving end.
Definition
Modem (Modulator/Demodulator)
Term
A technique for formatting signals by modifying a simple carrier wave with the addition of a data signal during transmission.
Definition
Modulation
Term
The distance between corresponding points on a wave's cycle.
Definition
Wavelength
Term
Measure of a signal's strength.
Definition
Amplitude
Term
A point in a wave's progress over time.
Definition
Phase
Term
The number of times that a signal's amplitude changes over time. The shorter the wavelength, the higher the number.
Definition
Frequency
Term
A measure of frequency equivalent to amplitude cycles per second.
Definition
Hertz
Term
A type of transmission in which signals travel in both directions over a medium simultaneously.
Definition
Full-Duplex or Duplex (both terms are correct)
Term
A type of transmission in which signals travel in both directions over a medium, but only in one direction at a time.
Definition
Half-Duplex
Term
A type of transmission in which signals travel over a medium in only one direction.
Definition
Simplex
Term
The amount of data that a medium can transmit during a given period of time. Determined by the physical nature of the transmission media. Usually measured in megabits per second.
Definition
Throughput (also known as Capacity)
Term
What are limitations that determine throughput?
Definition
Laws of physics (physical properties of the medium), Distance, and Multiplexing techniques
Term
Transmission medium consisting of cables that contain glass or plastic fibers. Data is transmitted along the cable using pulsing light sent from a laser or LED.
Definition
Fiber-Optic
Term
Transmission medium consisting of cables that contain a conducting metal, usually copper, surrounded by an insulator material and a braided metal shielding.
Definition
Coaxial
Term
What are two types of coaxial cable?
Definition
BNC and F-type
Term
A data transmission in which data is sent from one transmitter to multiple undefined potential receivers in a general area.
Definition
Broadcast Transmission
Term
A data transmission in which data is sent from one transmitter directly to one receiver.
Definition
Point-to-Point
Term
A data transmission in which data is sent from one transmitter to multiple receivers that may be either undefined or specific.
Definition
Point-to-Multipoint
Term
A transmission method that allows one node to send data to a defined group of nodes.
Definition
Multicasting
Term
The extent to which a signal has weakened after traveling a given distance.
Definition
Attenuation
Term
The difference between the highest and lowest frequencies a medium can transmit.
Definition
Bandwidth
Term
A form of transmission in which digital signals are sent through direct current pulses applied to a wire. Only one signal, or channel, can be transmitted at a time. Every device on the system shares a single channel.
Definition
Baseband
Term
A form of transmission in which signals are modulated as radio frequency
analog pulses with different frequency ranges. The use of multiple frequencies enables the system to operate over several signals, or channels.
Definition
Broadband
Term
Network functions are associated with only one layer of the OSI model... True or False?
Definition
False
Term
The Application layer includes software applications... True or False?
Definition
False
Term
Not all Transport layer protocols are concerned with reliability... True or False?
Definition
True
Term
For greater network efficiency, segmentation is preferred... True or False?
Definition
True
Term
Standards define the ____ performance of a product or service... Ideal, Most Acceptable, Minimum Acceptable, or Maximum Acceptable?
Definition
Most Acceptable
Term
What are the 2 types of addresses each node has?
Definition
MAC Address (or Physical Address), and IP Address
Term
Which Data Link sublayer manages flow control?
Definition
LLC (Logical Link Control)
Term
Which Data Link sublayer manages access to the physical medium?
Definition
MAC (Media Access Control)
Term
Which type of protocol is useful when data must be transferred quickly?
Definition
Connectionless
Term
A measure of the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies that a medium can transmit.
Definition
Bandwidth
Term
1) Most common Fast Ethernet standard. 2) What does this stand for?
Definition
1) 100BASE-TX
2) 100Mb/s speed, Baseband, using physical medium of crossover cabling with two twisted pair wires
Term
What network topology does Fast Ethernet use?
Definition
Star Wired Bus
Term
Cross talk between two different cables.
Definition
Alien Cross Talk
Term
Cross talk between wire pairs near the source of a signal.
Definition
NEXT (Near End Cross Talk)
Term
Device that increases the voltage (strength) of signals.
Definition
Amplifier
Term
Device that regenerates a digital signal.
Definition
Repeater
Term
The process of retransmitting a digital signal.
Definition
Regeneration
Term
Delay that occurs between the sender and recipient of a transmission's signal.
Definition
Latency
Term
The length of time it takes for a packet to go from sender to receiver.
Definition
RTT
Term
A part of a network that contains end nodes.
Definition
Populated Segment
Term
A part of a network that does not contain end nodes and is used to connect multiple networking devices.
Definition
Unpopulated Segment or Link Segment (both terms are correct)
Term
Hardware that allows network segments running on different types of media to connect and exchange signals.
Definition
Media Converter
Term
Resistance that contributes to controlling a signal, measured in ohms.
Definition
Impedance
Term
The pressure or strength of an electrical current.
Definition
Voltage
Term
The maximum duration that a packet can remain on the network before being discarded.
Definition
TTL
Term
Each trip a packet takes from one connectivity device to another, typically referring to packet movement between routers.
Definition
Hop
Term
The process of dividing a single network into multiple, smaller networks.
Definition
Subnetting
Term
Nondata information that must accompany data for a signal to be properly routed and interpreted by the network.
Definition
Overhead
Term
What is the EIA/TIA standard for serial data transmissions?
Definition
EIA/TIA RS-232
Term
A type of multiplexing in which channels are divided into multiple intervals of time (time slots) that are assigned to each node on the network. Data, if available, is transmitted from each node, in order according to its time slot.
Definition
Time Division Multiplexing
Term
A type of multiplexing in which channels are divided into multiple intervals of time (time slots) that are assigned to each node on the network, and node transmissions are prioritized according to need. If a node has no data to send during its time slot, the time slot is then assigned to another node that has data to send.
Definition
Statistical Multiplexing
Term
A type of multiplexing in which the total bandwidth available is divided into a series of frequency sub-bands (subchannels) that are each used to carry separate signals simultaneously across the same channel.
Definition
Frequency Division Multiplexing
Term
A type of multiplexing used with fiber-optic cables to carry multiple light signals simultaneously.
Definition
Wavelength Division Multiplexing
Term
The strength of an electrical signal is directly proportional to its frequency... True or False?
Definition
False (the correct version of this statement would be "amplitude" instead of "frequency")
Term
Ethernet is an example of a baseband system found on many LANs... True or False?
Definition
True
Term
Latency occurs when a signal traveling on one wire or cable infringes on the signal traveling over an adjacent wire or cable... True or False?
Definition
False (this statement describes "cross talk"... not "latency")
Term
The maximum distance a signal can travel and still be interpreted accurately is equal to a segment’s maximum length... True or False?
Definition
True
Term
In modulation, a simple wave called a(n) ____ wave, is combined with another analog signal to produce a unique signal that gets transmitted from one node to another.
Definition
Carrier
Term
The most significant factor in choosing a transmission method is its ____.
Definition
Throughput
Term
The more twists per foot in a pair of wires, the more resistant the pair will be to ____.
Definition
Cross Talk
Term
Serial refers to a style of data transmission in which the pulses that represent bits follow one another along a ____ transmission line.
Definition
Single
Term
Which TIA/EIA standard is also known as structured cabling?
Definition
TIA/EIA Commercial Building Wiring Standard
Term
A room containing connectivity for groups of workstations in its area.
Definition
Telecommunications Closet (Telco Closet)
Term
Wiring that connects workstations to the closest telecommunications closet.
Definition
Horizontal Wiring
Term
Many network problems can be traced to poor cable ____ techniques.
Definition
Installation
Term
Many cable coatings release poisonous gasses such as cyanide when exposed to flame. __________ rated cable is used in these situations to reduce the hazard to firefighters.
Definition
Plenum
Term
To traverse more than one LAN segment and more than one type of network through a router.
Definition
Internetwork
Term
What are the three main advantages of TCP/IP?
Definition
Open source, Flexible, and Routable
Term
What is the range for Class A IPv4 addresses?
Definition
1-126
Term
What is the range for Class B IPv4 addresses?
Definition
128-191
Term
What is the range for Class C IPv4 addresses?
Definition
192-223
Term
What are the first part octets for classless IPv4 addresses?
Definition
127 and 255
Term
What layers does the TCP/IP model consist of?
Definition
Network Access, Internet, Transport, and Application
Term
Refers to both a protocol and a server that manages distribution of IP addresses.
Definition
DHCP
Term
1) What protocol manages multicasting? 2) What OSI layer does this protocol operate at?
Definition
1) IGMP 2) Network
Term
An attempt to contact your own machine for the purpose of troubleshooting.
Definition
Loopback Test
Term
The first octet of an IP address.
Definition
Network ID
Term
Default subnet masks for 1) Class A 2) Class B 3) Class C IPv4 addresses.
Definition
1) 255.0.0.0 2) 255.255.0.0 3) 255.255.255.0
Term
A group of numbers in an IP address that are separated by a period.
Definition
Octet
Term
A group of numbers in an IP address that are separated by a colon.
Definition
Field
Term
The loopback address for IPv6.
Definition
0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1
Term
A variable-length field at the beginning of the address that indicates whether it is unicast, multicast, or anycast.
Definition
Format Prefix
Term
An IP address that is automatically assigned by an operating system to
allow a node to communicate over its local subnet if a routable IP address is not available.
Definition
Link-local Address
Term
The collection of protocols that assigns link-local addresses, performs DNS functions, and discovers services available to the node.
Definition
Zero Configuration (Zeroconf)
Term
1) Port number for HTTP. 2) Port number for HTTPS.
Definition
1) 80 2) 443
Term
1) Port number for FTP. 2) Port number for FTP data.
Definition
1) 21 2) 20
Term
Port number for Telnet.
Definition
23
Term
Port number for DNS.
Definition
53
Term
1) Port number for SMTP. 2) Port number for POP3.
Definition
1) 25 2) 110
Term
Port number for ping (echo).
Definition
7
Term
A group of computers belonging to the same organization that has part of their IP addresses in common.
Definition
Domain
Term
Host on the internet that looks up domain name information.
Definition
Resolver
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