Media Access Control= essential for reliable communication between computers on a router. Function at the data link layer (layer 2). Assigned to network adapters and NIC (network interface cards) by the manufacturer. AKA EHA (Ethernet Hardware Address).

Internet Protocol= number label identifying devices in a network that uses Internet Protocol to communicate between nodes.

* two functions:

1. network or host identification
2. location addressing

IP addresses direct data packet routing between source and destination nodes.

MAC address are permanent. IP addresses are dynamic and static -- they can change.

rate at which data is transmitted in computer networks, measured in bits per second (bps).

1. Narrowband- speeds less than 200 Kbps. Dial-up is generally 56 Kbps.
2. Broadband- connection that is always on e.g.cable or DSL. Minimum of 200 Kbps.

Is used for connecting to the Internet and is much faster than a typical dial-up modem. Support data transfer rates of up to 30 Mbps.

A device capable of demodulating incoming coaxial signals into Ethernet signals as well as modulating outbound Ethernet signals into coaxial signals.

Signals that vary continuously; the opposite of digital.

Technologies and devices based on numbers; in current use, based on signals that exist in one or two possible values; the opposite of analog.

Digital Subscriber Line is used to provide data transmission over local telephone service lines

Multiple connection, usually in one building, that allows different devices to connect to each other. It is the most common type of connection computers use in a local area network (LAN).

Hardware or software that attempts to keep malicious information out and private information in a network.

A way to link computers over the network without using a server. Sacrifices speed and security

LAN = local area network. Connects computers and related devices within a limited geographical area.

Virtual Private Network= private network that uses the Internet to connect remote sites and users together.

Virtual Private Dial-up Network= uses a dial-up connection to connect users to the network from various remote locations.

used when a corporation has one or more locations and they want to connect to a LAN (local area network).

used when a corporation wants to connect with a vendor or customer with whom they have a close relationship. Connect LAN to LAN.

Wireless networks transmit data over radio waves making it easy for others to intercept data or "eavesdrop".

To secure a wireless network you need:

1. firewall
2. Encryption (either WEP or WPA password)

1.  username and password
2. ID card or badge.
3. Physical characteristics - fingerprints or retina scans.