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| A 32 bit unique address for each host in an internet network |
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| Firewall is a packet filtering hardware or software that can block / restrict network access in various ways |
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| A router is a networking software or hardware that can send packets from one network to another network |
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Address Resolution Protocol
Used to find the MAC address from an IP address |
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| Switch is a layer 2 device that connects multiple network segments or devices |
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| A network hub is a repeater which transmits the input in one port as output to all the other ports |
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| netfilter is a linux kernel framework using which packet filtering and routing can be done |
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| In promiscuous mode the network device driver passes all detected data to the OS and thereby any application above it instead of just passing only those data destined to itself |
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"Media Access Control" address
Unique Layer 2 Address for each network hardware device |
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Is a binary mask of leading 1s and lagging 0s using which the network address, broadcast address, size of the network, etc., can be determined.
IPv4 net mask addresses are 32 bit long. |
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| It is the last address in an IP network to which, by convention, all the members of the network are expected to respond. |
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| Sub net is a logically visible division of an IP network. The process of dividing a network into two or more networks is called Subnetting. |
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Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DHCP is used to assign / obtain IP address and other related settings (like gateway, net mask, domain name server) from a centrally controlled DHCP server |
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Internet Control Message Protocol
ICMP is used to test a network and to send information and errors between hosts.
ICMP is a layer above IP. It uses no ports. |
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Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
HTTP is a stateless application layer protocol used widely in the World Wide Web
Web browsers are HTTP clients, Web servers like Apache are HTTP servers |
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Internet Relay Chat
IRC is a stateful application layer protocol that uses TCP/IP to enable users to send and receive messages interactively |
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User Datagram Protocol
UDP is a stateless data transmission protocol that provides unreliable but overhead-free data exchange. It is useful for streaming applications where the network is known to be reliable or where data loss can be tolerated. |
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Transmission Control Protocol
TCP is a Layer 4 stateful, connection-oriented protocol which provides reliable transmission of data over an IP network |
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Global Server Load Balancer
GSLB identifies the nearest or best destination by identifying the location of the client's IP address and sometimes also by identifying the load or availability of the server |
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Definition
| traceroute is a program which identifies the routers on the way to a destination by manipulating the TTL field in the IP header. It uses ICMP (on top of IP). |
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Definition
| The amount of data that can be sent at a time |
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Definition
| The time taken by a packet to traverse a network connection (i.e., go from sender to receiver) |
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