Shared Flashcard Set

Details

NeSA vocab
life science
51
Science
11th Grade
03/11/2012

Additional Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
carbohydrate
Definition
Molecule that is the major source of energy for an organism.
Term
lipid
Definition
Molecule that stores energy and is the main structure of cell.
Term
nucleic acid
Definition
Building block of living organisms that passes genetic information from one generation to the next.
Term
protein
Definition
Molecule needed by organisms for growth and repair.
Term
cell membrane
Definition
Thin barrier that surrounds all cells that controls what enters and leaves the cell.
Term
cell wall
Definition
Strong supporting layer around the cell membrane in some cells.
Term
chloroplast
Definition
Organelle that converts digested food into cellular energy.
Term
cytoplasm
Definition
The fluid portion of a cell's interior.
Term
mitochondria
Definition
Organelle that converts digested food into cellular energy.
Term
nucleus
Definition
Organelle that regulates the production of proteins and contains genetic material.
Term
organelle
Definition
Subcellular structure.
Term
ribosome
Definition
Organelle that is the site of protein synthesis.
Term
vacuole
Definition
Organelle that is used to store materials.
Term
active transport
Definition
Cell transport that does require energy.
Term
cellular respiration
Definition
Process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules, in the presence of oxygen.
Term
cellular transport
Definition
The movement of materials into, out of, or within a cell.
Term
enzyme
Definition
Protein that speeds up biological reactions.
Term
metabolism
Definition
Set of chemical reaction in the cells of living organisms to sustain life.
Term
passive transport
Definition
Cell transport that does not require energy.
Term
photosynthesis
Definition
Process by which energy rich molecules are made from water and carbon dioxide in the presence of sunlight.
Term
protein synthesis
Definition
Formation of proteins using information coded on DNA.
Term
selectively permeable
Definition
Property of biological membranes that allows some substances to pass across, while others cannot.
Term
stimulus
Definition
Any physical or chemical input that is sensed.
Term
DNA
Definition
Nucleic acid that contains all of the genetic instructions for an organism.
Term
inheritance
Definition
Passing of genetic material from parent to offspring.
Term
trait
Definition
Specific characteristic of genetic information.
Term
double helix
Definition
The shape of DNA that resembles a spiral staircase or a twisted ladder.
Term
mitosis
Definition
Nuclear division in organisms that have a nucleus.
Term
nucleotide
Definition
Building block of a nucleic acid; consisting of a sugar, phosphate, and a nitrogen base.
Term
mutation
Definition
Change in the genetic material of a cell.
Term
alleles
Definition
Alternate forms of a gene.
Term
genotype
Definition
Genetic makeup of an organism.
Term
heterozygous
Definition
Having two different alleles for a particular gene.
Term
homozygous
Definition
Having two identical alleles for a particular gene.
Term
meiosis
Definition
The process of nuclear division that reduces the number of chromosomes in a cell by half.
Term
phenotype
Definition
Physical characteristics of an organism.
Term
Punnett square
Definition
Model used to determine probabilities of a genetic cross.
Term
biological diversity
Definition
The degree of variation of life forms within a given ecosystem.
Term
atom
Definition
Basic unit of matter.
Term
biogeochemical cycle
Definition
Cycle by which materials necessary for organisms are circulated through the environment.
Term
biosphere
Definition
Area on and around Earth where life exists.
Term
biome
Definition
A group of ecosystems that share similar climates and organisms.
Term
environmental quality
Definition
The state of environmental conditions.
Term
behavioral
Definition
Related to the way something acts.
Term
morphological
Definition
The form or structure of something.
Term
physiological
Definition
Related to the way something functions.
Term
biological evolution
Definition
Descent with modification of organisms from common ancestors.
Term
genetic variability
Definition
Tendency of individual genetic characteristics in a population to differ from one another.
Term
recombination
Definition
Formation of new and different sets of chromosomes or genes.
Term
fossil record
Definition
Collection of preserved organisms or their traces stored in Earth.
Term
natural selection
Definition
Process by which organisms that are most suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully.
Supporting users have an ad free experience!