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Nervous system (part1)
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34
Anatomy
10th Grade
01/14/2013

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Term
Mental illness
Definition
Abnormal patterns of thought, feelings, or behavior
Term
Depression
Definition
persistent sadness (for no reason), irregular sleep and appetite, thoughts of guilt or worthlessness. Lack of interest in things usually enjoyed, suicidal thought or actions
Term
Bipolar disorder
Definition
Mood shifts from periods of depression to periods of mania. Some cases are rapid-cycling, or have extreme highs and lows (suicidality, violence)
Term
Schizophrenia
Definition
Auditory hallucinations, paranoid delusions, disorganized speech/ thinking, social and occupational difficulties
Term
Dissociative Identity disorder
Definition
Multiple personality exist in a single person. They have different characteristics, memories, etc. They can take control of the body in turns
Term
Obsessive-Compulsive disorder
Definition
Obsessions: intrusive thoughts that cause irrational fear, worry, and anxiety.
Compulsive: rituals that are believed to reduce that anxiety
Term
Tourette's Syndrome
Definition
Hard-to-control verbal and nonverbal tics
Term
Phobia
Definition
Irrational fear that negatively impacts quality of life.
Term
Post-Traumatic Stress disorder
Definition
Anxiety disorder following psychological trauma-flashbacks, sleep disturbance, anger, avoidance of things related to traumatic event.
Term
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity disorder
Definition
significant difficulties with inattentiveness, hyperactivity, or impulsiveness that interferes with motivation and focus in school and work.
Term
Eating disorder
Definition
Anorexia: under-eating, phobia of gaining weight, body image issues
Bulimia: binge-eating and purging to control weight
Term
Sensation
Definition
getting information about the body's internal and external environment
Term
Integration
Definition
processing and making sense of the information received; thinking
Term
Response
Definition
doing something in regards to the processed information
Term
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Definition
Brain and spinal cord; Integration
Term
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Definition
network of cranial nerves and spinal nerves.
Term
Neurons cells
Definition
cells that transmit signals through the nervous system; unable to divide, limited self-repair
Term
Neuroglial cells
Definition
cells that support the function of neurons; Able to divide and replicate.
Term
Ependymal cells
Definition
line fluid-filled cavities in the CNS
Term
Microglial cells
Definition
consume bacteria and cellular debris to protect and maintain neurons.
Term
Oligodendrocytes
Definition
produce myelin to insulate neurons *in the CNS*
Term
Astrocytes
Definition
absorb nutrients, oxygen, hormones, etc. from the blood stream and transport them to neurons.
Term
Schwaan cells
Definition
produce myelin for neurons in the PNS
Term
Blood-brain barrier
Definition
-The bloodstream never directly contacts neurons.
-It causes problems if needed medicines cannot successfully pass through into the brain
Term
Myelin
Definition
a mix of lipid and protein that surrounds and insulates axon
Term
Sensory neurons
Definition
-Unipolar
-Sensation
-Dendrites, cell body, and most of axon in the PNS, part of axon connects PNS to CNS
Term
Interneurons
Definition
-Multipolar
-Integration
-Entirely contained within CNS
Term
Motor neurons
Definition
-Multipolar
-Response
-Dendrites, cell body, and small part of axon in CNS, majority of axon in PNS
Term
Ganglion
Definition
group of sensory neuron cell bodies, lumped together in PNS
Term
Nucleus
Definition
group of interneurons and motor neuron cell bodies, lumped together in CNS
Term
Nerve
Definition
bundle of axons
Term
Sensory nerves
Definition
sensory neuron axons
Term
Motor nerves
Definition
motor neuron axons
Term
Mixed nerves
Definition
sensory and motor neurons axons together (like a two-way street)
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