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| function of nervous system |
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Definition
| controls and coordinates functions throughout the body, and responds to internal and external stimuli |
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| electrical signals, messages carried by the nervous system |
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| cells that transmit impulses |
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| carry impulses from the sense organs to the spinal cord and brain |
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| carry impulses from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and glands |
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| connect sensory and motor neurons and carry impulses between the two |
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| protein channel that maintains resting potential by pumping K+ (potassium) ions into the cell and and Na+ (sodium) ions out via active transport, making the inside negative & outside positive |
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| when the neuron is in its resting state, and INOP (inside negative, outside positive) |
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| (nerve impulse) reversal of charges from negative to positive: Na+ ions move into the cell through temporarily open protein channels, reversing charges temporarily |
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| the minimum level of stimulus that is required to activate a neuron |
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| the strength of an impulse is always the same: either there is an impulse in response to a stimulus or there is not |
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| the location at which a neuron can transfer an impulse and send info to another cell |
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| space that separates the axon terminal from the dendrites of the adjacent cell (neuron) |
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| chemicals used by a neuron to transmit an impulse across a synapse to another cell; carried in vesicles, released, bind to protein channels of dendrites for the next neuron to fire |
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| control center of the body, consists of brain and spinal cord; relays messages, processes information, and analyzes information |
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| peripheral nervous system |
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Definition
| receives info from environment and relays commands from the central nervous system to organs and glands |
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Term
| structures that protect organs of the central nervous system |
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Definition
skull: protects brain
vertebrae: protect spinal cord
meninges: 3 layers of connective tissue, protect both the brain and spinal cord
cerebrospinal fluid:fills area between meninges and CNS tissue, protects system |
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| controls voluntary/conscious activities; site of intelligence, learning, and judgement; divided into hemispheres and lobes |
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| controls balance and coordination |
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| connects brain and spinal cord; regulates flow of information between the brain and body; controls involuntary functions |
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| receives all sensory info and sends it to the correct part of the brain |
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| detects hunger, thirst, fatigue, anger, and temperature |
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| quick, automatic response to a stimulus |
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| sensory receptors --> sensory neurons --> interneurons (in spinal cord) --> motor neurons --> muscles (effector) |
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| sensory division of peripheral nervous system |
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Definition
| transmits impulses from sense organs to CNS |
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| motor division of peripheral nervous system |
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| transmits impulses from CNS to muscles/glands |
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| regulates voluntary activities |
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| regulates involuntary actions (hr, blood flow, etc.) |
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| sympathetic nervous system |
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| parasympathetic nervous system |
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| slows things down, opposite of sympathetic |
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| makes up outer layer of cerebrum, consists of densely packed nerve cell bodies |
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| makes up inner layer of cerebrum, made up of bundles of axons with myelin sheaths/Schwann cells |
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