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| An electrical charge that travels along the membrane of a neuron |
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| Drugs that increase activity in particular neurotransmitter systems; act by increasing the synthesis of one or more neurotransmitters or reducing its reuptake from the synapses. |
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| Drugs that reduce neurotransmitter activity; work by interfering with synthesis or blocking postsynaptic receptors so that neurotransmitters cannot bind to them. |
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A type of glial cell in the brain; important for the maturation of neurons and may be involved in repairing damaged nervous tissue.
autonomic nervous system (ANS): The part of the peripheral nervous system that maintains homeostasis in the body; controls such actions as heart rate, digestion, respiration rate, salivation, and perspiration; also called the involuntary nervous system. |
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| A long, membrane-bound extension of the cell body that passes the nerve impulse onto the next cell. |
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| The end of the axon; the point at which the neuron communicates with the next cell. |
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| Part of the brain involved with unconscious (autonomic) functions such as breathing, heartbeat, and temperature regulation; contains the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla oblongata. |
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| The part of the brain that is involved in coordination and control of body movement. |
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| The highly-folded outer layer of the cerebrum; controls higher functions, such as consciousness, reasoning, emotions, and language; also controls sensory functions such as touch, taste, smell, and responses to external stimuli. |
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| The part of the brain that generally controls conscious functions such as problem-solving and speech. |
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