Term
|
Definition
long lengths
long lives
lose their ability to divide (damage is usually permanent)
require a huge supply of oxygen & glucose (can't go more than a few minutes) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| groups of axons bundled together like a cable that transmits impulses back and forth between the CNS and the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
place where impulses are transmitted from one neuron to another
presynaptic to post-synaptic neurons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chemicals by which neurons communicate with each other |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bags of neurotransmitters that release their contents into the synaptic cleft when triggered by an action potential |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
attachment sites of neurotransmitters
can stimulate or inhibit the post-synaptic neurons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the bulge at the end of the presynaptic axon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the space between the synaptic knob and the plasma membrane of the post-synaptic neuron |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| area of the post-synaptic neuron that receives the stimulus |
|
|
Term
| propagation of an action potential on a myelinated axon |
|
Definition
| the action potential "jumps" from one Node of Ranvier to another because of the myelin sheaths |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the "jumping" of the action potential from one node to another
allows for extremely rapid impulse transmission |
|
|
Term
| 6 Steps of Info Transfer Across the Synapse |
|
Definition
1. impulse reaches the synaptic knob in the presynaptic neuron
2. Vesicles release their neurotransmitters
3. Neurotransmitters diffuse across the synaptic cleft
4. They bind to receptors on the post-synaptic neuron
5. This neuron is then either stimulated or inhibited
6. Neurotransmitters are either degraded by enzymes and diffuse, or are taken back to the synaptic knob |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Neurotransmitter
"feel good"
cocaine prohibits the production of more
causes Parkinsons and Schizophrenia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Neurotransmitter
May play a role in sleep, appetite, and regulation of mood
Prozac prohibits it because it relieves anxiety and depression |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Neurotransmitter
"feel good"
amphetamines enhance its release |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Neurotransmitter
excitatory to skeletal muscles
nerve gas and insecticides prolong its effects (causes muscle spasms)
snake venoms and botulism toxin inhibit its release |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
part of the peripheral nervous system
12 pairs attached to the underside of the brain
most from the brainstem, such as optic nerves, optic chiasma, & olfactory bulbs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
part of the peripheral nervous system
31 pairs of nerves attached to the spinal cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| skin surface areas that are supplied by a single spinal nerve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cardiac, respiratory, and vasomotor control center |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relay site for auditory and visual impulses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| plays an important role in balance, coordination, and movements |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| associated with complex though, memory, and emotion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
exerts control over major organs in the body
maintains body temperature
helps with water balance, sleep cycles, and appetite |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
produces sensations
associates senses with emotion, alertness, and arousal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
integrates sensory information
manipulates objects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sense of smell and sound
processes facial expressions and scenes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
