Term
| What does Irritable Tissue do? |
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Definition
Reacts to stimuli and carries information
Coordinates parts of the body and controls
Works with the endocrine system |
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Term
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Definition
| Electrical movement by charged ion movement |
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Term
| What are the two anatomical divisions in the nervous system? |
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Definition
Central Nervous System (CNS)- Brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)- Essentially everything else [mostly Nerves and ganglia] |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the parts of a Neuron? |
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Definition
Soma
Cell body called Perikaryon
Processes- Axons [carries nerve impulse away from soma] & Dendrites [carry nerve impulse to soma] |
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Term
| What are the three types of neurons? |
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Definition
1. Multipolar
2. Bipolar
3. Unipolar |
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Term
Describe a Multipolar neuron
[# of axons, dendrites, shape] |
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Definition
One axon
Many dendrites
Very branched
E.g. Motor neurons that control skeletal muscle |
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Term
Describe a Bipolar neuron
[# of axons, dendrites, shape] |
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Definition
One axon
One dendrite
Round soma
E.g. sensory neurons |
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Term
| Describe a Unipolar neuron |
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Definition
| One process that splits to be both axon and dendrite |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Where are Synapses located? [5] |
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Definition
1. Dendrite of another neuron
2. Some of another neuron
3. Muscle cell
4. Gland cell
5. Other cells |
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Term
| What are the structures of a synapse? [5] |
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Definition
1. Presynaptic neuron and postsynaptic cell
2. Terminal bouton (bulb)
3. Synaptic cleft
4. Synaptic vesicle
5.Receptors for neurotransmitters on postsynaptic membrane |
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Term
| What is the Terminal Bouton (bulb) and where is it located on a synapse? |
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Definition
Swelling at axon end
Fits into indentation of postsynaptic cell membrane |
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Term
| Where is the Synaptic Cleft located on a synapse? |
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Definition
Space between presynaptic and postsynaptic cell membranes
Has interstitial fluid |
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Term
| Where is the Synaptic Vesicle located on a synapse? |
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Definition
In terminal bouton
Filled with chemicals (neurotransmitters) |
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Term
| What is the Neuroglia of a synapse? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the Neuroglia do? |
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Definition
Serves C.T. and epithelia functions in nervous system (esp. CNS)
Supports and nourishes neurons |
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Term
| What are the types of Neuroglia? [5] |
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Definition
1. Schwann cell (neurolemmocyte)
2. Ogligodendrocyte (oligodendroglia)
3. Ependymal cells
4. Astrocyte
5. Microglia |
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Term
| Where and what are Schwann cells (neurolemmocyte)? |
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Definition
In PNS
Wraps around axons to insulate them, series of cells
Myelin sheath
Nodes of Ranvier |
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Term
| What are Ogligodendrocytes (oligodendroglia)? |
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Definition
Myelinates axons with CNS
One cell has extensions that wrap around several axons |
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Term
| What do Ependymal cells do? |
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Definition
Line cavities
Ventricles of the brain
Central canal of spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What does the ANS control? |
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Definition
“Automatic” control of body functions
Without conscious thought |
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Term
| What are the two divisions of the ANS? |
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Definition
Preganglionic
Postganglionic |
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Term
| What is distinct about the Preganglionic Division of the ANS? |
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Definition
Soma in CNS
Preganglionic fiber leaves CNS via peripheral nerve (may be a cranial nerve from brain or a spinal nerve from spinal cord) to synapse with |
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Term
| What is distinct about the Postganglionic Division of the ANS? |
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Definition
Soma in ganglion
Postganglionic fiber travels in peripheral nerve to synapse with a muscle or gland or other cell of body organs. |
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Term
| Characteristics of Sympathetic NS [5] |
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Definition
Fight or flight
Preganglionic somas in thoracolumbar spinal cord
Ganglia close to spine
Short preganglionic fibers
Long postganglionic fibers |
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Term
| Characteristics of Parasympathetic NS? [4] |
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Definition
Preganglionic somas in Craniosacral region
Ganglia near or in walls of organs innervated
Long preganglionic fibers
Short postganglionic fibers |
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Term
| What makes up the Craniosacral region? |
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Definition
| Brain and last part of spinal chord |
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Term
| What does the Medulla produce? |
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Definition
| Produces hormones into blood rather than neurotransmitter into synapse |
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Term
| What does the inner part of the Medulla have? |
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Definition
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