Term
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Definition
believed individuals lost characteristics that they did not use, and acquired characteristics that they did use
(Giraffes=long neck because they reached for food in trees) |
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Term
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Definition
natural selection acts on the phenotype;
Individuals with favorable phenotypes that provided higher fitness were more likely to survive and reproduce |
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Term
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Definition
| showed statistically how the accumulation of effects of many discrete loci could result in the observed continuous variation associated with quantitative traits |
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Term
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Definition
Primary Source of new allele;
done through changs in chemical bases
(without it, any change is brought through environment) |
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Term
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Definition
changes in that code that affect the base sequence by changing one of the bases into another
3 kinds:
-subsitution
-insertion
-deletion |
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Term
| AATGCGGT... to ...AATGTGGT |
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Definition
| Subsitution (Point mutation) |
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Term
AATGCGGT... to ...AATGCAGGT
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Definition
| Insertion (Point mutation) |
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Term
| AATGTGGT... to ...AATGGGT |
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Definition
| Deletion (Point mutation) |
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Term
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Definition
when portion of DNA flips/inverts, etc.
-inversions
-duplications
-rearrangements |
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Term
| segment of DNA flips end to end |
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Definition
| inversion (sequence mutation) |
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Term
| segment of DNA is copied and pasted right after the original segment |
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Definition
| Duplication (sequence mutation) |
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Term
semgment of DNA moves from one place to another place on the same chromosome
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Definition
| Rearrangement (sequence mutation) |
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Term
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Definition
mutations where segments of chromosomes move to different chromosomes or
whole chromosomes are duplicated
-translocation
-chromosome duplication
-genome duplication |
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Term
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Definition
a segment moves to a different chromosome (chromosome mutation)
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Term
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Definition
| the cell has an extra chromosome (chromosome mutation) |
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Term
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Definition
| the cell has an additional set of chromosomes (so three homologs rather than two) (Chromosome mutation) |
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Term
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Definition
-errors in replication and at various points in cell division
-induced by chemicals, radiation, age |
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