Term
| List two identifying features of Strongylida males. |
|
Definition
Copulatory Bursa
2 spicules |
|
|
Term
| List one identifying feature of Strongylida females. |
|
Definition
| Obvious ovijector apparatus |
|
|
Term
| Describe the eggs of Strongylids. |
|
Definition
Simple
Non-operculate
Thin-shelled
Smooth
Ellipsoidal to ovoidal |
|
|
Term
Haemonchus Species
What organ are they found in?
What animals are they found in?
Describe their fresh appearance.
Length?
Identifying characteristics of males?
Identifying characteristics of females?
Describe eggs. |
|
Definition
Abomasum
Ruminants
Sriped red and white when fresh.
20-34 mm.
Males have asymmetrical dorsal lobe, barbed spicules with a Y-shaped supporting ray.
Females have a vulvar flap.
Eggs are typical strongylid eggs. |
|
|
Term
Haemonchus contortus
In which animals is it found?
Are they in NZ?
Distinguishing feature. |
|
Definition
Sheep, Goat, and occasionally Cattle.
Common in NZ.
Vulvar flap usually linguiform. |
|
|
Term
Haemonchus placei
In which animals is it found?
Are they in NZ?
Distinguishing feature. |
|
Definition
Cattle.
Warmer area's (Not NZ).
Vulvar flap is knob-like. |
|
|
Term
Ostertagia Species.
What organ are they found in?
What animal are they found in?
Describe their appearance.
Length. |
|
Definition
Abomasum
Ruminants
Brown when fresh.
7-12mm. |
|
|
Term
Oestertagia ostertagi
In which animals is it found?
Are they in NZ?
Distinguishing feature. |
|
Definition
Cattle, occ. Goats and Sheep.
Common in NZ.
Female has vulvar flap and no tail striations. |
|
|
Term
Ostertagia circumcincta
In which animals is it found?
Are they in NZ?
Distinguishing feature. |
|
Definition
Sheep, Goats, occ. Cattle.
Common in NZ.
Female has vulvar flap and tail striations. |
|
|
Term
Ostertagia trifurcata
In which animals is it found?
Are they in NZ?
Distinguishing feature. |
|
Definition
Sheep, Goats, occ. Cattle.
Common in NZ.
Female has no vulvar flap, tail striations present. |
|
|
Term
Ostertagia lyrata
Distinguishing feature. |
|
Definition
| Female has vulvar flap, no tail striations. |
|
|
Term
Trichostrongylus Species
In which organs are these found?
In which animals are these found?
Length?
Distinguishing feature of group?
Distinguishing feature of males?
Distinguishing features of females? |
|
Definition
Abomasum/Stomach and Small Intestine.
Many mammals and birds.
5-8 mm.
Excretory pore in obvious notch.
Male has short spicules.
Female usually has less than 12 eggs. |
|
|
Term
Trichostrongylus axei
In which animals is this found?
In which organ?
Are they in NZ?
Distinguishing feature. |
|
Definition
Ruminants, Pigs, Horse and Others.
Abomasum/Stomach.
Common in NZ.
Male spicules are unequal and dissimilar. |
|
|
Term
Trichostrongylus colubriformis
In which animals are these found?
In which organ?
Are they in NZ?
Distinguishing feature. |
|
Definition
Ruminants.
Small Intestine.
Common in NZ.
Male spicules are equal, similar, slipper-shaped tips. |
|
|
Term
Trichostrongylus vitrinus
In which animals are these found?
In which organ?
Are they in NZ?
Distinguishing feature. |
|
Definition
Ruminants.
Small Intestine.
Common in NZ.
Male spicules are equal, similar and smoothly pointed. |
|
|
Term
Trichostrongylus longispicularis
In which animal is this found?
In which organ?
Are they in NZ?
Distinguishing feature. |
|
Definition
Cattle.
Small Intestine.
Common in NZ.
Male spicules are long, slender and subequal. |
|
|
Term
Hyostrongylus Species.
Which is the common species?
In which animal is this found?
In which organ?
Are they in NZ?
Length?
Distinguishing feature.
Distinguishing feature of males?
Distinguishing feature of females? |
|
Definition
Hyostrongylus rubidus.
Pig.
Stomach.
Common in NZ.
4-10mm.
Small cephalic dilation.
Spicules are equal and similar.
Female has no vulvar flap and there are greater than 12 eggs in the uterus. |
|
|
Term
Ollulanus Species.
What is the common species?
In which animal is it found?
In which organ?
Are they in NZ?
Length?
Distinguishing feature of females?
Distinguishing feature of males? |
|
Definition
Ollulanus tricuspis.
Cat.
Stomach.
Rare in NZ.
Up to 1mm.
Females tail is divided, female is larviparous.
Male has a small copulatory bursa and 2 spicules. |
|
|
Term
Nematodirus Species.
In which organ are they found?
In which animals?
Length?
Distinguishing features. |
|
Definition
Small Intestine.
Ruminants.
10-25mm.
Cephalic Dilation.
Eggs large.
Anterior end is often convoluted and coiled.
Females have a truncated tail with spine and are wider posteriorly.
Males have long, thin spicules that are joined at the tip. |
|
|
Term
Nematodirus spathiger.
In which animals is this found?
Are they in NZ? |
|
Definition
Sheep, Goat, occ. Cattle.
Common in NZ. |
|
|
Term
Nematodirus filicollis.
In which animals is this found?
Are they in NZ? |
|
Definition
Sheep, Goat, occ. Cattle.
Common in NZ. |
|
|
Term
Nematodirus abnormalis.
In which animals is this found?
Are they in NZ? |
|
Definition
Sheep, Cattle.
Uncommon in NZ. |
|
|
Term
Nematodirus helvetianus.
In which animal is this found?
Are they in NZ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Nematodirus battus.
In which animal is this found?
Are they in NZ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Cooperia Species.
In which animals are these found?
In which organ?
Length.
Distinguishing features. |
|
Definition
Ruminants.
Small Intestine.
4.5-9mm.
Cephalic dilation.
Eggs typical strongylid.
Females have pointed tails.
Males have short spicules. |
|
|
Term
Cooperia curticei.
In which animals is this found?
Are they in NZ? |
|
Definition
Sheep, Goat, occ. Cattle.
Common in NZ. |
|
|
Term
Cooperia oncophora.
In which animals is this found?
Are they in NZ? |
|
Definition
Cattle, occ. Sheep.
Common in NZ. |
|
|
Term
Cooperia punctata.
In which animals is this found?
Are they in NZ? |
|
Definition
Cattle, occ. Sheep.
Common in NZ. |
|
|
Term
Cooperia mcmasteri.
In which animals is this found?
Are they in NZ? |
|
Definition
Cattle, occ. Sheep.
Common in NZ. |
|
|
Term
Cooperia pectinata.
In which animal is this found?
Are they in NZ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Dictyocaulus Species.
In which animals is this found?
In which organ?
Length?
Appearance?
Distinguishing features. |
|
Definition
Herbivores.
Bronchi, Bronchioles.
Up to 10cm.
Long, thin, white.
Eggs contain L1.
Males have short, brown spicules. |
|
|
Term
Dictyocaulus viviparus.
In which animal?
NZ?
Distinguishing feature? |
|
Definition
Cattle.
Common.
L1 passed in faeces. |
|
|
Term
Dictyocaulus filaria.
Animal?
NZ?
Distinguishing feature? |
|
Definition
Sheep, Goats.
Common.
L1 passed in faeces. |
|
|
Term
Dictyocaulus arnifieldi.
Animals?
NZ?
Distinguishing feature? |
|
Definition
Horse, Donkey.
Uncommon.
L1 in egg passed in faeces (hatches within hours). |
|
|
Term
Dictyocaulus eckerti.
Animal?
Distinguishing feature. |
|
Definition
Red and Fallow Deer.
L1 passed in faeces. |
|
|
Term
Strongyloidea.
Distinguishing features. |
|
Definition
| Longer than trichostrongyloids, and posses a well developed buccal capsule. Eggs are typical strongylid. |
|
|
Term
Strongylus Species.
Distinguishing feature? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Strongylus vulgaris.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
Length?
Distinguishing feature? |
|
Definition
Horse.
LI.
Common.
1.5-2cm.
Large b.c. with 2 rounded teeth. |
|
|
Term
Strongylus edentatus.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
Length?
Distinguishing feature? |
|
Definition
Horse.
LI.
Common.
2.0-4.5cm.
Large b.c. no teeth. |
|
|
Term
Strongylus equinus.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
Length?
Distinguishing feature? |
|
Definition
Horse.
LI.
Uncommon.
2.5-5.5cm.
Large b.c. with 3 pointed teeth. |
|
|
Term
Triodontophorus Species.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
Length?
Distinguishing feature? |
|
Definition
Horse.
LI.
Common.
17-25mm.
Medium b.c. with 3 sharp divided teeth. |
|
|
Term
Oesophagodontus Species.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
Length?
Distinguishing feature? |
|
Definition
Horse.
LI.
Uncommon.
18-22mm.
Medium b.c. with 3 teeth in oesophageal entrance. |
|
|
Term
Craterostomum Species.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
Length?
Distinguishing feature? |
|
Definition
Horse.
LI.
Rare.
5-10mm.
Medium b.c. no teeth. |
|
|
Term
Cyathostomes.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
Length?
Distinguishing feature? |
|
Definition
Horse.
LI.
Very Common.
4-20mm.
Mostly shallow b.c. (sometimes deep). Teeth +/- (usually absent). Males have an elongate dorsal lobe of bursa. |
|
|
Term
Chabertia Species.
Name the common species.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
Length?
Distinguishing feature? |
|
Definition
Chabertia ovina.
Ruminants.
Colon.
Common.
1.5-2.0cm.
Large, bell shaped b.c. no teeth. |
|
|
Term
Oesophagostomum Species.
Organ?
Animals?
Length? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Oesophagostomum venulosum.
Animal?
NZ?
Distinguishing feature? |
|
Definition
Sheep, Goat, occ. Cattle.
Common in NZ.
Narrow cervical alae. |
|
|
Term
Oesophagostomum columbianum.
Animal?
NZ?
Distinguishing feature? |
|
Definition
Sheep, Goats,
Not NZ.
Wide, cervical alae.
Notifiable disease. |
|
|
Term
Oesophagostomum radiatum.
Animal?
NZ?
Distinguishing feature? |
|
Definition
Cattle.
Common.
No external leaf crown. |
|
|
Term
Oesophagostomum dentatum.
Animal?
NZ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Stephanurus Species.
Name the common species.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
Length?
Distinguishing feature? |
|
Definition
Stephanurus dentatus.
Pigs.
Kidney, peri-renal fat, ureters.
Northern NZ, but Rare.
20-45mm.
Stout, b.c. cup shaped, with leaf crown. Stongylid eggs passed in urine. |
|
|
Term
Syngamus Species.
Name the common species.
Animal?
Organ?
Length?
Distinguishing feature? |
|
Definition
Syngamus trachea.
Poultry & Other Birds.
Trachea, Bronchi.
5-20mm.
Permanently in copula.
b.c. shallow, wide teeth. Eggs have bipolar plugs. |
|
|
Term
Ancylostomatoidea.
Distinguishing features? |
|
Definition
| Buccal end bent dorsad. Large b.c. with cutting plates and teeth. Eggs typical. |
|
|
Term
Uncinaria Species.
Name the common species.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
Length?
Distinguishing feature? |
|
Definition
Uncinaria stenocephala.
Dog
SI
Common
5-12mm
b.c. with 2 teeth at base
smooth-edged cutting plates |
|
|
Term
Ancylostoma Species.
Name the common species.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
Length?
DF? |
|
Definition
Ancylostoma caninum.
Dog.
SI.
Uncommon.
10-16mm.
b.c. with 4 teeth at base.
Cutting plates each divided into 3 teeth. |
|
|
Term
Bunostomum Species.
Animal?
Organ?
Length?
DF? |
|
Definition
Ruminants.
SI.
12-26mm
b.c. with 2-4 teeth at base.
Cutting plates smooth-edged. |
|
|
Term
Bunostomum trigonocephalum
Animal?
NZ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Bunostomum phlebotomum.
Animal?
NZ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Globocephalus Species.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
DF? |
|
Definition
Pigs.
SI.
Rare.
b.c. have chitinous ring. |
|
|
Term
Metastrongyloidea.
Metastrongylus Species.
Organ?
Animal?
NZ?
Length?
DF? |
|
Definition
Bronchi, bronchioles.
Pigs.
Common.
2-6cm.
Thin, white.
Male has reduced copulatory bursa, long, thin, hooked spicules.
Female has eggs containing L1. |
|
|
Term
Muellerius Species.
Name the common species.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
Length?
DF? |
|
Definition
Muellerius capillaris.
Sheep, Goats.
Nodules in lung.
Common.
Up to 5cm.
Thin, delicate.
Molluscs IH. |
|
|
Term
Filaroides Species.
Name the common species.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ? |
|
Definition
Filaroides osleri.
Dog.
Tracheal bifurcation.
Rare. |
|
|
Term
Aelurostrongylus Species.
Name the common species.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
Length?
DF? |
|
Definition
Aelurostrongylus abstrusus.
Cat.
Bronchioles, alveoli.
Common.
7.5-10mm.
Thin, fragile.
Molluscs IH.
Birds & Rodents PH. |
|
|
Term
Rhabditida.
Strongyloides Species.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
DF? |
|
Definition
Many mammals.
SI.
Common.
Only females in host.
Long, narrow, oesophagus.
Eggs with L1.
No ovijector.
Intestine/Uterus entwined.
Blunt tail. |
|
|
Term
Strongyloides papillosus.
Animal? |
|
Definition
| Sheep, Goat, Cattle, Rabbit. |
|
|
Term
Strongyloides ransomi.
Animal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Strongyloides westeri.
Animal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Strongyloides stercoralis.
Animal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
large, stout nematodes.
Mouth simple with 3 lips.
Oesophagus club-shaped or with posterior bulb.
Males do not have a copulatory bursa, but caudal papillae are always present.
Females prolific egg-layers.
Eggs are spherical or oval, thick-shelled, and contain a single celled zygote. |
|
|
Term
Ascaris suum.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
Length?
DF? |
|
Definition
Pigs.
SI.
Common.
Males up to 25cm, Females up to 40cm.
Eggs are oval, sticky, have an irregular outer coat. |
|
|
Term
Parascaris equorum.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
Length?
DF? |
|
Definition
Horse.
SI.
Common.
Males up to 28cm, Females up to 50cm.
Eggs spherical with pitted outer coat. |
|
|
Term
Toxocara Species.
Aniaml?
Organ?
NZ?
Length?
DF? |
|
Definition
Dog, Cat.
SI.
Common.
Males up to 10cm, Females up to 18cm.
Oesophagus has posterior bulb. Eggs are pitted outside, not sticky, round or oval. Male's tail has a finger like process. |
|
|
Term
Toxicaris canis.
Animal?
DF? |
|
Definition
Dog.
Cervical alae narrow. |
|
|
Term
Toxacaris cati.
Animal?
DF? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Ascaridia galli.
Animal?
Organ?
Length?
DF? |
|
Definition
Birds - poultry and cage birds.
SI.
8-12cm.
Oesophagus has no posterior bulb. Eggs are oval, smooth shelled. Males have pre-cloacal sucker, small caudal alae, two spicules. |
|
|
Term
Heterakis gallinarum.
Animal?
Organ?
Length?
DF? |
|
Definition
Poultry.
Caeca.
13-16mm.
Oesophagus with posterior bulb. Eggs smooth shelled. Males with pre-cloacal sucker, two large caudal alae, two very unequal spicules. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Eggs flattened on one side.
Operculum.
Females vulva is anterior.
Males have one spicule and caudal alae.
Oesophageal bulb is present and tail is long. |
|
|
Term
Oxyuris equi.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
Length?
DF? |
|
Definition
Horse.
LI/Rectum.
Common.
Males to 12mm, Females to 10cm.
Females are wider anteriorly, thin variable tail length. Males uncommon, small, single, pin-shaped spicule. |
|
|
Term
Enterobius vermicularis.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
Length? |
|
Definition
Man.
LI/Rectum.
Common.
Males 2-5mm, Females 8-13mm. |
|
|
Term
Probstmayria vivipara.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
Length?
DF? |
|
Definition
Equidae.
LI.
Uncommon.
2-3mm.
Larviparous. |
|
|
Term
Trichuris Species.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
Length?
DF? |
|
Definition
Many Animals.
Caecum/LI.
Common.
3-8cm.
Anterior part narrow, posterior wide. Oesophagus stichosome. Males have 1 spicule and sheath. Females have lemon shaped eggs, yellow/brown bipolar plugs. |
|
|
Term
Trichuris ovis.
Animal?
NZ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Trichuris globulosa.
Animal?
NZ? |
|
Definition
Sheep, Goats, Cattle.
Common. |
|
|
Term
Trichuris vulpis.
Animal?
NZ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Trichuris suis.
Animal?
NZ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Trichuris trichiura.
Animal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Capillaria Species.
Animal?
Organ?
Length?
DF? |
|
Definition
Birds and Mammals.
Oesophagus (Crop), Intestine, occ. Lungs, trachea, bladder.
5-50mm.
Thin, delicate, stichosome oesophagus. Eggs similar to trichuris but polar plugs do not protrude as much. |
|
|
Term
| Name Capillaria species in Chickens, their organ and if they are in NZ. |
|
Definition
C. contorta = oesophagus/crop, common.
C. caudinflata = SI, common.
C. bursata = SI, common.
C. obsignata = caeca, common. |
|
|
Term
| Name the Capillaria species in mammals, the animal in which they are found, the organ and if they are in NZ. |
|
Definition
C. bovis = Sheep, Goats, Cattle, SI, common.
C. longipes = Sheep, Goats, Cattle, SI. Common.
C. brevipes = Sheep, Goat, Cattle, SI. Common.
C. aerophila = Cat, Dog, Trachea. Uncommon.
C. erinacei = Cat, Dog, Stomach, Uncommon. |
|
|
Term
Trichinella spiralis.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
DF? |
|
Definition
Many mammals.
SI.
Uncommon.
Larvae in muscle. Adults rarely seen - short lived. 1.5-4.0mm. Females larviparous, L1 in muscle. Coiled in fibrous cyst. |
|
|
Term
Habronema (and Draschia).
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
Length?
DF? |
|
Definition
Equidae.
Stomach.
Probably not NZ.
2.5-5.0cm.
Small b.c.
Elongate eggs, thin-shelled. |
|
|
Term
Drofilaria immitis.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
Length?
DF? |
|
Definition
Dogs.
Right Ventricle and Pulmonary Artery.
Not NZ, but sometimes introduced.
20-30cm.
Microfilaria in blood. V. pathogenic. |
|
|
Term
Dipetalonema reconditum.
Animal?
Organ?
NZ?
DF? |
|
Definition
Dog.
S/C and IM CT.
Uncommon.
Microfilaria. Non-pathogenic. |
|
|
