Term
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Definition
| - cylindrical form, tapering at both ends; - body covered by cuticle |
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Term
|
Definition
- M have copulatory bursa (bursate) and 2 spicules;
- F have obvious ovijector apparatus;
- Eggs are simple, non-operculate, thin shelled, smooth, ellipsoidal to ovoidal; |
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Term
| Superfamily Trichostrongyloidea |
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Definition
- small, hairlike, slender;
- few cuticular appendages;
- vestigial b.c.;
- simple mouth; |
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Term
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Definition
- abomasum;
- ruminants;
- striped red & white when fresh;
- 20-34mm;
- M has asymmetrical dorsal lobe and barbed spicules;
- F has vulval flap;
- typical strongylid eggs; |
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Term
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Definition
- abomasum;
- S, G, occ C;
- common;
- linguiform vulval flap; |
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Term
|
Definition
- abomasum;
- C;
- not in NZ;
- vulval flap is knob-like; |
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Term
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Definition
- abomasum;
- ruminants;
- Brown when fresh;
- 7-12 mm; |
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Term
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Definition
- abomasum;
- C, occ S, G;
- common;
- F has vulval flap;
- F has no tail striations; |
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Term
| Telodorsagia circumcincta |
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Definition
- abomasum;
- S, G, occ C;
- common;
- F has vulval flap;
- F has tail striations; |
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Term
| Ostertagia trifurcata (minor type of T. circumcincta) |
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Definition
- abomasum;
- S, G, occ C;
- common;
- F has no vulvar flap;
- F has tail striations; |
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Term
|
Definition
- abomasum/stomach and SI;
- many species of mammals and birds;
- 5-8mm;
- excretory pore in obvious notch;
- M has short spicules;
- F has less than 12 eggs; |
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Term
|
Definition
- abomasum/stomach;
- ruminants, P, H, others;
- common;
- M spicules are equal and dissimilar; |
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Term
| Trichostrongylus colubriformis |
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Definition
- SI;
- Ruminants;
- common;
- M spicules are equal, similar, and slipper-shaped tips; |
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Term
| Trichostrongylus vitrinus |
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Definition
- SI;
- Ruminants;
- common;
- M spicules are equal, similar, smoothly pointed; |
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Term
| Trichostrongylus longispicularis |
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Definition
- SI;
- C;
- common;
- M spicules are relatively long, slender, subequal; |
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Term
Genus Hyostrongylus
Hyostrongylus rubidus |
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Definition
- stomach;
- P;
- common;
- 4-10mm;
- Small cephalic inflation;
- M spicules are equal and similar;
- F has no vulval flap;
- F has more than 12 eggs in uterus; |
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Term
Genus Cooperia
Cooperia curticei
Cooperia oncophora
Cooperia punctata
Cooperia mcmasteri
Cooperia pectinata |
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Definition
- SI;
- cephalic dilation;
- 4.5-9mm;
- F have typical strongylid eggs;
- F have pointed tails;
- M have short spicules;
- S, G, occ C. Common;
- C, occ S. Common;
- C, occ S. Common;
- C, occ S. Common;
- C, not NZ (but found in Red deer in NZ); |
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Term
Genus Dictyocaulus
Dictyocaulus viviparus
Dictyocaulus filaria
Dictyocaulus arnfeildi
Dictyocaulus eckerti |
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Definition
- bronchi and bronchioles;
- herbivores;
- up to 10cm;
- long, thin, white;
- Eggs contain L1;
- M have short, brown spicules;
- C. Common, L1 passed in faeces;
- S, G. Common, L1 passed in faeces;
- H, donkey. Uncommon, L1 in egg passed in faeces;
- Red & Fallow deer. L1 passed in faeces; |
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Term
Genus Nematodirus
Nematodirus spathiger
Nematodirus filicollis
Nematodirus abnormalis
Nematodirus helvetianus
Nematodirus battus |
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Definition
- SI;
- Ruminants;
- 10-25mm;
- cephalic dilation;
- F have large eggs;
- F have truncated tails with spine;
- M have long, thin spicules joined at the tip;
- wider posteriorly, anterior end coiled and convoluted;
- S, G, occ C. Common;
- S, G, occ C. Common;
- S, G. Uncommon;
- C. Common;
- S. Not NZ; |
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Term
Genus Ollulanus
Ollulanus tricuspis |
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Definition
- stomach;
- cat;
- Rare in NZ;
- up to 1mm;
- F tail is dividedl
- F larviparous;
- M has small copulatory bursa; |
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Term
| Superfamily Strongyloidea |
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Definition
- large buccal capsule;
- leaf crowns and teeth usually present;
- longer than Trichostrongyloidea: |
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Term
Genus Strongylus
Strongylus vulgaris
Strongylus edentatus
Strongylus equinus |
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Definition
- LI;
- Horse;
- leaf crowns present;
- common, 1.5-2.0cm, large b.c. 2 rounded teeth;
- common, 2.0-4.5cm, large b.c. no teeth;
- uncommon, 2.5-5.5cm, large b.c. 3 pointed teeth; |
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Term
|
Definition
- LI;
- H;
- Common;
- 17-25mm;
- medium b.c.;
- 3 sharp divided teeth; |
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Term
|
Definition
- LI;
- H;
- uncommon;
- 18-22mm;
- medium b.c.;
- 3 teeth in oesophageal entrance; |
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Term
|
Definition
- LI;
- Horse;
- Rare;
- 5-10mm;
- medium b.c.;
- no teeth; |
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Term
| Subfamily Cyathostominae (Cyathostomes) |
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Definition
- LI;
- Horse;
- Very common;
- 4-20mm;
- Mostly shallow b.c. but may be deep;
- Teeth +/- (mostly absent);
- M has elongate dorsal lobe of bursa; |
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Term
Genus Oesophagostomum
Oesophagostomum venulosum
Oesophagostomum columbianum
Oesophagostomum radiatum
Oesophagostomum dentatum |
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Definition
- LI;
- several hosts;
- 8-20mm;
- S, G, occ C. Common. Narrow cervical alae;
- S, G. Not NZ. Wide cervical alae;
- C. Common. No external leaf crown;
- P. Common. |
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Term
Genus Chabertia
Chabertia ovina |
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Definition
- Colon;
- Ruminants;
- Common;
- 1.5-2.0cm;
- Large bell shaped b.c.;
- No teeth; |
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Term
Genus Stephanurus
Stephanurus dentatus |
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Definition
- Kidney, peri-renal fat, ureter wall;
- Pig;
- Northern NZ, but rare;
- 20-45mm;
- Stout;
- b.c. cup shaped;
- leaf crown present;
- eggs passed in urine; |
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Term
Genus Syngamus
Syngamus trachea |
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Definition
- Trachea, bronchi;
- Poultry and other birds;
- 5-20mm;
- Permanently in copula;
- shallow b.c., wide, teeth;
- F has eggs with bipolar plugs; |
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Term
| Superfamily Ancylostomatoidea |
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Definition
- buccal end bent dorsally;
- large buccal capsule with cutting plates and teeth; |
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Term
Genus Ancylostoma
Ancylostoma caninum |
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Definition
- SI;
- Dog;
- Uncommon;
- 10-16mm;
- b.c. with 4 teeth at base;
- cutting plates each divided into 3 teeth; |
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Term
Genus Bunostomum
Bunostomum trigonocephalum
Bunostomum phlebotomum |
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Definition
- SI;
- Ruminants;
- 12-26mm;
- b.c. with 2-4 teeth at base;
- smooth edged cutting plates;
- S, G. Common;
- C. Common; |
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Term
Genus Uncinaria
Uncinaria stenocephala |
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Definition
- SI;
- Dog;
- Common;
- 5-12mm;
- b.c. with 2 teeth at base;
- smooth edged cutting plates; |
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Term
|
Definition
- SI;
- Pig;
- Rare;
- b.c. has chitinous ring at entrance; |
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Term
| Superfamily Metastrongyloidea |
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Definition
- mainly determined by location (respiratory system);
- small b.c.; |
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Term
|
Definition
- Bronchi, bronchioles;
- Pig;
- Common;
- 2-6cm;
- Thin, white;
- M have reduced copulatory bursa;
- M have long, thin, hooked spicules;
- F has eggs containing L1;
- Earthworms are IH; |
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Term
Genus Muellerius
Muellerius capillaris |
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Definition
- Nodules in lung;
- S, G;
- Common;
- up to 5cm;
- thin, delicate;
- F produce eggs with L1 which hatch in lungs, L1 found in faeces;
- Molluscs IH; |
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Term
Genus Filaroides
Filaroides osleri |
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Definition
- tracheal bifurcation;
- Dog;
- Rare;
- Adults & eggs containing L1 are found in nodules; |
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Term
Genus Aelurostrogylus
Aelurostrongylus abstrusus |
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Definition
- bronchioles, alveoli;
- cat;
- Common;
- 7.5-10mm;
- thin, fragile;
- nodules contain adults, eggs with L1 and hatched larvae;
- Molluscs IH;
- Birds, Rodents PH; |
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Term
|
Definition
- large, white, opaque worms;
- no b.c.;
- non-bursate;
- mouth surrounded by 3 lips; |
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Term
Genus Ascaris
Ascaris suum |
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Definition
- SI;
- Pig;
- Common;
- M up to 25cm, F up to 40cm;
- Eggs oval, sticky, with irregular outer coat; |
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Term
Genus Parascaris
Parascaris equorum |
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Definition
- SI;
- Horse;
- Common;
- M up to 28cm, F up to 50cm;
- Eggs spherical, with pitted outer coat; |
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Term
Genus Toxocara
Toxocara canis
Toxocara cati |
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Definition
- SI;
- Dog, Cat;
- Common;
- M up to 10cm, F up to 18cm;
- oesophagus with posterior bulb;
- eggs pitted outside, round or oval;
- M has finger like process on tail;
- Dog, cervical alae narrow;
- Cat, cervical alae broad; |
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Term
Genus Toxascaris
Toxascaris leonina |
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Definition
- SI;
- Dog, Cat;
- Uncommon;
- M up to 6cm, F up to 10cm;
- Narrow cervical alae;
- oesophagus without posterior bulb;
- eggs smooth and oval;
- M tail has no process; |
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Term
|
Definition
- large, white, opaque worms;
- no b.c.;
- simple mouth with 3 lips; |
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Term
Genus Heterakis
Heterakis gallinarum |
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Definition
- Caeca;
- Poultry;
- 13-16mm;
- oesophagus with posterior bulb;
- eggs smooth shelled;
- M have precloacal sucker;
- M have two large caudal alae;
- M have two very unequal spicules; |
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Term
Genus Ascaridia
Ascaridia galli |
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Definition
- SI;
- Poultry & Cage Birds;
- 8-12 cm;
- Oesophagus has no posterior bulb;
- eggs oval, smooth shelled;
- M have precloacal sucker;
- M have small caudal alae;
- M have two spicules |
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Term
|
Definition
- F has pointed tail;
- double bulb oesophagus; |
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Term
Genus Oxyuris
Oxyuris equi |
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Definition
- LI/rectum;
- Equidae;
- Common;
- M up to 12mm, F up to 10cm;
- F wider anteriorly, thin, variable length tail;
- Eggs flattened on one side, operculate;
- Males uncommon;
- M have small, single, pin-shaped spicule; |
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Term
Genus Enterobius
Enterobius vermicularis |
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Definition
- LI/rectum;
- Man;
- common;
- M 2-5mm, F 8-13mm; |
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Term
|
Definition
- LI;
- Equidae;
- uncommon;
- 2-3mm;
- larviparous; |
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Term
|
Definition
- very small worms;
- small b.c.;
- non-bursate; |
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Term
Genus Strongyloides
Strongyloides papillosus
Strongyloides ransomi
Strongyloides westeri
Strongyloides stercoralis |
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Definition
- SI;
- many mammals;
- common;
- only F in host;
- long, narrow oesophagus;
- eggs with L1;
- no ovijector;
- intestine/uterus entwined;
- blunt tail;
- S, G, C, rabbit;
- Pig;
- Horse;
- Man, dog, cat; |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Genus Dirofilaria
Dirofilaria immitis |
|
Definition
- Rt ventricle, Pulmonary Artery;
- Dogs;
- not NZ;
- 20-30cm;
- Produces microfilaria;
- v. pathogenic; |
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Term
Genus Dipetalonema
Dipetalonema reconditum |
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Definition
- S/c and IM CT;
- Dog;
- uncommon;
- produces microfilaria;
- non-pathogenic; |
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Term
| Superfamily Habronematoidea |
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Definition
| - tightly coiled spiral tail in M; |
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Term
| Genus Habronema and Genus Draschia |
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Definition
- Stomach;
- Equidae;
- probably not in NZ;
- 2.5-5.0cm;
- small b.c.;
- elongate eggs, thin-shells; |
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Term
| Superfamily Trichinelloidea |
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Definition
- stichosome oesophagus;
- whip-like or hair-like worms; |
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Term
Genus Trichuris
Trichuris ovis
Trichuris globulosa
Trichuris vulpis
Trichuris suis
Trichuris trichiura |
|
Definition
- Caecum/LI;
- many animals;
- common;
- 3-8cm;
- anterior narrow, posterior wide;
- oesophagus stichosome;
- M have 1 spicule and sheath;
- F have lemon shaped eggs, with yellow/brown bipolar plugs;
- S, G. Common;
- S, G, C. Common;
- Dog. v. common;
- P. Common;
- Man; |
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Term
Genus Capillaria
Capillaria contorta
Capillaria caudinflata
Capillaria bursata
Capillaria obsignata
Capillaria bovis
Capillaria longipes
Capillaria brevipes
Capillaria aerophila
Capillaria erinacei |
|
Definition
- Oesophagus/crop, intestine & others;
- Birds and Mammals;
- 5-50mm;
- Thin, delicate;
- stichosome oesophagus;
- eggs similar to Trichuris;
- Chicken. Oesophagus/crop. Common;
- Chicken. SI. Common;
- Chicken. SI. Common;
- Chicken. Caeca. Common;
- S, G, C. SI. Common;
- S, G, C. SI. Common;
- S, G, C. SI. Common;
- Dog, Cat. Trachea, bronchi. Uncommon;
- Dog, Cat. Stomach. Uncommon; |
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Term
Genus Trichinella
Trichinella spiralis |
|
Definition
- SI;
- many mammals;
- uncommon;
- larvae in muscle;
- adults rarely seen as short lived;
- 1.5-4.0mm;
- F larviparous.
- Coiled in fibrous cyst; |
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