INTERSECTIONS

-- Always yield to the car on the right!

                                 --Look left, right,and left again.

NEVER PASS WHEN:

--approaching the top of a hill or a curve.

--within 100ft of an intersection, railroad crossing, or tunnel.

--when you see pavement markings or signs on the side of the road saying "No Passing."

--when your view of the road is reduced or obstructed.

RULES WHEN PASSING

--Give enough time to get completely beyond the vehicles that you are passing (can see the entire front of the car in your rearview mirror) and the return lane. This has to be done before at least 200ft of meeting an approaching car.  

COASTING

--It's prohibited!

1. When traveling on a downward grade, do not put your gear into neutral.
2. Trucks or buses may not coast with the clutch disengaged.               

BACKING UP

--cannot interfere with traffic.

--do not back into children or other obstacles.

--It's best to walk around your vehicle to check for clearance before backing up. 

LITTERING

--Subject to a fine!

CRASH REPORTS:

        When and who to report to. 

--Accidents resulting in a combined damage of $1000.00 or more, or accidents that result in personal injury or death:

1. Immediately report to the local police if you are in a city.
2. Immediately report to the Highway Patrol or County Sherrif's office if you are outside city limits. 

CRASH REPORT

Exchanging Information

--Items to exchange: driver's name, address, isurance company, and policy number.

--Hit unattended vehicle: locate and notify owner. If the owner is unattainable, leave a note (in a visible place like the windshield) with: your name, address, and insurance company on it.

--If the driver is physically incapable of providing the needed information and they are also not the owner of the vehicle, the actual owner shall, within 5 days after learning of the crash, give notice and insurance information.  

CRASH REPORT

Penalties

--Must have valid policy of liability insurance. The fine for being uninsured is $150.00 and may result in license suspension. 

--If convicted of "No liability Insurance" that person will be required to provide proof of liability insurance for three years.

--They will also be required to buy a duplicate driver's license with the "Proof of Liabilty Insurance" restriction. 

         *It's $50.00 for the duplicate and $50.00 to have the restriction removed at the end of the 3 year period. *

EMERGENCY NUMBERS

For Highway Assistance: 

Dail 911

For Weather and Road Conditions:

    Dail 511

BRAKES

#1 Thing to Remember!

--Brakes work best just before your tires start to skid or slide on the road. 

MEETING SNOW REMOVAL EQUIPMENT

--stay well back from a snowploy.

--know where the plow is on multi-land roadways.

--Be extremely cautious when passing snow plows.

--Never drive through "whiteouts" caused by crosswinds or plowing light snow.

--Watch for plow trucks on Interstate ramps and turning around on "authorized vehicle only" crossovers.

--Don't assume you'll have good traction because the road looks "sanded."

--Slow down and drive according to the conditions. 

HAND SIGNS

--need to be given continously during the last 100ft before the turn (just like your vehicle's signal if it worked). 

UNMARKED 4-WAY STOP

--This means no stoplights.

--The vehicle who stops first gets to go first.

--If a vehicle goes out of turn, yield to be safe.

--Always yield to pedestrians. But honk your horn at the pedestrain if they are crossing in the wrong part of the road. If they stop you can go. If they don't, continue to yield.  

U-TURNS

#1 thing to remember.

--do not make a U-turn near the crest of a hill or any curve where the driver cannot see 500 feet or more. 

EMERGENCY PARKING

--If possible, park with all four wheels off the road.

--Between one-half hour after sunset and one-half hour before sunrise, display at least one white or amber lamp infront of your vehicle and a red light on the rear - both visible for 1,000 feet while parked on a public highway. 

WHEN LEAVING A (PARELLEL) PARKING SPACE

--Look to the rear, over your shoulder, as well as in the rearview mirror.

--Signal before you start to move.

--Yield the right of way to on-coming traffic.

--Enter traffic in nearest lane, remaining in that lane until it's safe to change to another. 

HEAD LIGHTS

Things to Remember

--Use them when you have less than 1,000 feet of visibilty due to weather. Use low beams during fog because of the glare. 

--Dim headlights at least 500ft before meeting traffic (other cars on the road, intersections) and within 300ft when following another car. 

--Always remember to look to the right if an oncoming vehichle's lights are too bright. 

NIGHT DRIVING

Things to do to keep you safe

--use lights one-half hour after sunset and one-half hour before sunrise.

--use lights during inclement weather when visibility is less than 1,000 feet due to: fog, rain, sleet, hail, smoke, or snow.

--slow down.

--clean winshield inside and out.

--keep eyes moving; look for pedestrians, animals, and signs. 

INTERCHANGES

Info and things never to do

--Diamond and cloverleaf are the two most common types.

--Highway guide signs tell you the location of interchanges well in advance. 

--Never back up on the Interstate.

--Never back up on a ramp.

INTERSTATES

Things to remember

--On two lane interstates, keep to the right if traveling slowly.

--On multilanes, keep to the middle and pass using the left.

--Never stop on the traveled part of the road. During an emergency, stop on the shoulder and raise the hood to show difficulty. 

--Avoid driving when tired. Pull over and take a short nap if needed.

--Dim lights when following others. 

ROUND ABOUTS

Things to remember

--They move in a counter-clockwise direction.

--You will always turn off to the right.

--When entering, always yield to ongoing traffic. 

DIRECTIONS FOR TURNING

...and things to remember

--always move close to the curbside in whichever direction you are turning. 

--The back tires travel at a shorter distance when turning.

--Check both ways.

-- signal continously for the last 100 feet before the turn. 

DEALING WITH EMERGENCY VEHICLES

--immediately stop n the right-hand curb or edge of the road when you see one flashing it's lights.

--When in busy traffic, slowly continou until you are clear to move out of it's way. 

FOLLOWING & STOPPING DISTANCES

--At 55 mph, it takes approximately 300 feet (1 city block) to stop. 

--always leave at least 1 car length in front of you when following another vehicle.

-- 3-second rule: starting from the rear fender of the car in front of you, pick an object on the side of the road. Count one-thousand and one one-thousand and two. The front of your car should cross the object at one-thousand three. 

WHEN CHANGING LANES

--look in both your rearview mirrors.

--check over your shoulder

--use your signal. 

Railroad Tracks and buses, trucks, etc

--These vehicles have to stop within 50 feet and no less than 15 feet from the tracks.

--DO NOT PASS THEM HERE.

NOT POSTED

75 MPH

NOT POSTED

70 MPH

NOT POSTED

65 MPH

NOT POSTED

55 MPH

--On 2-lane county or township highways. (Like in front of Max)

--Also on gravel, dirt, or loose surfaced roads.

NOT POSTED

25 MPH

NOT POSTED

20 MPH

--approaching railway crossings.

--approaching intersections.

--passing by a school during recess or when children are going to and leaving the school. 

PARALLEL PARKING:

Step 1

--Signal your movement and then stop even with the vehicle ahead of the empty space (2 feet away from the car beside you). 

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PARALLEL PARKING:

Step 2

--Turn your wheel sharply to the right and then back slowly toward the vehicle behind. 

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PARALLEL PARKING 

Step 3

--When clear of the vehicle ahead, turn your wheel sharply to the left then back slowly toward the vehicle behind you. 

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PARELLEL PARKING

Step 4

--Turn your wheel to the right and pull ahead toward the curb. Stop in the center of the space. 

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PARELLEL PARKING 

When parked and things to remember:

--Your wheels should be parallel to and within 1 foot of the curb. 

--Remember while parking to do the wheel turns as: Right, left, right. 

PARKING ON A DOWNHILL SLOPE

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PARKING ON AN UPHILL SLOPE

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PARKING UPHILL (NO CURB)

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AT RAILROAD TRACKS

--When a train is crossing, stop at least 15 feet before the crossing. 

WINTER DRIVING

--Not legal to enter closed off roads due to hazardous conditions  $250.00 fine..

--Keep winshield clear (scrape and defrost).

--Ge the feel of the raodway (try brakes and adjust speed).

-Slow down. Double the distance between the car you're following. Studded snow tires used from October 15 to April 15th.

--Passing trucks creates fog.

--Remember bridges and shaded spots freeze quicker and keep ice longer. 

--carry a winter survival kit: warm clothes, footwear, shovel, energy food, etc.

--If stuck, stay with the vehicle. Open windows slightly and run the vehicles for a short time. Most deaths occur because people leave their cars and get lost. 

TOWING

--increased weight will lengthen the distance needed to stop.

--Faster than 25, you need safety chains or brakes capable of holding the trailer if coupling breaks .

--Need turn signals, stop lights, two red reflectors, and two red taillights mounted on the rear. Must be visible for 1,000 feet.

--You need 2 amber clearance lamps on the front and two red clearance lights on the back if the trailer being pulled is 80 inches or more in width.

--Must have a mirror allowing you to see at least 200 feet to the rear.

--If towing another vehicle, the connection between must be sound enough to prevent the uncoupling of the vehicles.

--It is better to slow down when towing in a strong wind.  

DO NOT PARK

--On a sidewalk or in front of a driveway.

--On or within 10 feet of a crosswalk at an intersection.

--Within 10 feet of a firehydrant. 

--Within an intersection.

--On the street side of a parked car (double parking).

--On a bridge, overpass, tunnel, or underpass.

--Within 15 feet of flashing beacons, stop signs, or traffic control signals placed on the side of the roadway.

--Between saftey zones or curb next to it or within 15 feet of points on the curb immediately opposite the ends of a safety zone (marked areas for pedestrians).

--Alongside or opposite street excavation when parking would obstruct traffic. 

--Anywhere there is an official "No Parking" sign. 

STOPPING ON ICE

--DISC TYPE BRAKES: slow intermittent braking action (fully on and then fully off) long enough to let the disc brakes release so that all wheels roll again.

--DRUM TYPE BRAKES: on all wheels, pump breaks.

--ANTILOCK BRAKES: keep firm continous pressure. 

*Slamming on brakes will lock up the wheel and cause tires to skid.*

SKIDS

--most skids are the result of driving too fast on slippery roads Slow down!

--Rear-Wheel Drive Autos: Stay off the brakes and gradually ease off the accelerator Turn your wheels in the direction the rear end is skidding. 

--Front-Wheel Drive Vehicles: Accelerate slightly and steer in the direction you want to go. If no room to accelerate, shift into neautral or push in the clutch. Front-Wheel drive vehicles have, accurate, and qick steerig; the vehicle goes exactly where you point it.

--Four-Wheel Drive Autos: They have a tendency to give a false sense of security. Slower speeds on slippery surfaces are important. When traveling at moderate speeds you should accelerate and steer into the direction of the skid. 

      *At higher speeds or in the event there is no room to accelerate you should push in the clutch or with automatic trasmission, shift into neutral 

RAIN

--A hard surface roadway will be slippery after rain because water combines with the road dirt and oil which creates a slick film. 

--Deeper water on the roadway can cause hydroplaning - when your tires ride on the water and not on the roadway surface.

--rain reduces visibility and increases the possibility of a dangerous skid Slow down and be alert!

FLOODING

--Occurs when streams and rivers flow over their banks, when dams or levees break, when there is run-off from deep snow or any time there is heavy rainfall. Flood waters can be found on raods bridges, and low areas. Flash floods can come rapidly and unexpected. They can occur within a few minutes or hours of excessive rainfall.

--Entering closed roadway due to flood results in a $250.00 fine.

--Do not drive through flooded areas

--Be cautious , especially at night.

--Remember 6 inches of water will reach the bottom of most passenger cars, causing loss of control or possible staling 

--Two feet of moving water can carry away most vehicles including sport utility vehicles and pick-up trucks

--Even if the water appears shallow enough to cross, do not attempt to cross flooded roads Water can hide dips, or worse, floodwaters can damage roadways by washing away the underlying road surface. 

--If there is no other route, proceed to higher ground and wait for the water to subside.

FLAT TIRE OR BLOWOUTS

--You might loose control of your vehicle. 

-Warning sign is a thumping noise.

--Blowout in front: your vehicle will pull in the direction of the blown tire. 

--A flat rear tire will cause the vehicle to sway back and forth.

--To regain control, grasp the steering wheel tightly and steer straight ahead. Ease up on the accelerator but do not brake until you have regained full control. Turn onto the shoulder when your vehicle is almost stopped. 

RUNNING OFF THE PAVEMENT

--if your tire drops off the edge of the pavement onto the shoulder, do not try to swerve back onto the pavement because you may lose control.

--Grip the steering wheel and ease up on the accelerator. If you brake hard, you may go into  a skid. After you have slowed down and are in complete control, look for traffic behind you, signal, and turn gently back onto the pavement. 

EQUIPMENT FAILURE

--Headlights suddenly fail: try your parking lights and turn signals, then leave the roadway as soon as possible as you have slowed down. Without lights, drivers can no longer see you.

--Windshield wipers fail in rain or snow: slow down and stick your head out your side window in order to see as you leave the raodway.

--If Accelerator Pedal sticks: depress the clutch or shift into neutral. You may also turn the engine off; however, this may result in the loss of power steering and power brakes. Steer to the side of the road.

*Never turn your vehicle's ignition to the "lock" position while it is still in motion. This will cause the steering wheel to lock if you try to turn the steering wheel. 

READING THE ROAD

--Adjust your speed to fit the weather, traffic conditions, and the condition of the road.

--Slow down for potholes and stuff. Don't slam on brakes or steer hard to avoid them.

--Loose gravel is harder than driving on pavement because your tires don't have the traction needed. Slow down and avoid sudden changes in direction. 

--If an oncoming vehicle crosses into your lane: slow down and try to warn the oncoming driver by flashing your lights. If it keeps coming, pull as far to the right as possible. If there could be a collision, steer off the road to the right when conditions permit, or stop on the far right shoulder of the road. 

DISTRACTED DRIVING

--Driving requires your full attention.

--Do not text while driving, including: composing, reading, or sending messages. Penalty is a $100.00 fine 

--Avoid other distractions like: reaching, eating, reading, using cell phones, tending to infants, etc. 

FATIGUE

--Being tired increases the chance of a crash.

--Pull off and take a nap. 

--Signs of fatigue: trouble focusing, heavy lids, forgot the last few miles driven, detachment, crossing the center line or dropping off the edge of the pavement, missing signs or lights, tailgating, forgetting to dim lights, excessive yawning, and nodding off. 

Tractor-trailers Braking:

--They take longer to stop than a car traveling at the same speed. A fully loaded tractor-trailer may take more than 400 feet on dry pavement to come to a complete stop, or more than the length of a football field. 

TRACTOR-TRAILER TURNING:

--Like any vehicle, the rear wheels follow a shorter path The longer the vehicle, the greater the difference. That's why tractor-trailer drivers must often swing out to the left as the first step in making a right turn.

--When followin a tractor-trailer, observe its turn signals before trying to pass. If it appears to be starting a left turn, wait a moment to check and see which way the driver is signaling - he's going to turn before passing on the right.  

A TRUCKER'S BLIND SPOTS 

(THE "NO-ZONE")

--Up to 20 feet in front of the cab, on either side of the tractor-trailer, particulary alongside the cab, and up to 200 feet in the rear.

--If you can't see the truck driver in his or her side mirror, he or she can't see you."

DRIVING POSTURE

--Drive with both hands on the wheel

--Use one foot for gas and brake pedal, avoiding riding the brakes.

--Riding the brakes can cause them to overheat. 

MANEUVERABILITY (TRUCKS)

--Trucks have longer stopping and accelerating distances, wider turning radii, and weigh more.  

--On multi-lane highways, tractor-trailers stay in the center lane to help the flow of local traffic.

Common mistakes cars must avoid when driving around trucks:

1. 
   Do not cut off a truck in traffic or on the highway to reach an exit or turn. Cutting into the open space in front of a truck removes the truck driver's cushion of safety. Trying to beat a truck to a single-lane construction zone represents a dangerous situation.Take a moment to slow down and exit behind a truck--it will only take you a few extra seconds.
2. Don't linger alongside a truck when passing. Always pass a tractor-trailer completely and always on the left side. If you linger when passing any vehicle, your position makes it impossible for the trucker to take evasice action if an obstacle appears in the road ahead.
3. Following too close or tailgating. When following behind a truck, if you can't see the truck driver's rearview mirrors, there is no way the truck driver can see you. Tailgating a truck or car is dangerous because you take away your own cushion of safety if the vehicle in front of you stops short--and if the vehicle you are following hits something on the road, you will have no time to react before it hit the front of your car. 
4. Never underestimate the size and speed of an approaching tractor-trailer. Because of its large size, a tractor-trailer often appears to be traveling at a slower speed than it is. A substantial number of car-truck collisions take place at intersections becuase the driver of the car does not realize how close the truck is or how quickly it is approaching. 

SHARING THE ROAD WITH MOTORCYCLES

--Allow the motorcyclist a full lane width. They need the room to maneuver safely. Do not share the lane.

--Approximately one-half of all motorcycle crashes involve another motor vehicle. Nearly 40 percent were caused by the other vehicle turning left in front of the motorcyclist. 

--Motorcycles are small and may be difficult to see. They have a much smaller profile than other vehicles, which can make it more difficult to judge the speed and distance of an approaching motorcycle. 

--Always signal your intentions before changing lanes or merging with traffic. This allows the motorcyclist to anticipate traffic flow and find a safe lane position.

--Remember that motorcyclists are often hidden in a vehicle's blind spot or missed in a quick look due to their smaller size. Always make a visual check for motorcycles by checking mirrors and blind spots before entering or leaving a lane of traffic and at intersections.

--Don't be fooled by a flashing signal on a motorcycle--motorcycle signals usually are not self cancelling and riders sometimes forget to turn them off. Wait to be sure the motorcycle is going to turn before you proceed.

--Remember that road conditions which are minor annoyances to you pose major hazards to motorcyclists. Motorcyclists may change speed or adjust their position within a lane suddenly  in reaction to raod and traffic conditions such as potholes, gravel, wet or slippery surfaces, pavement seams, railroad crossings, and grooved pavement. 

--Allow more following distances, three or four seconds, following a motorcycle so the motorcyclist has enough time to maneuver or stop in an emergency. In dry conditions, motorcycles can stop more quickly than a car.

SHARING THE ROAD WITH BICYCLES

--They follow the same rules of the road as motorists. 

--They generally travel at slower speeds than mortorists, which can create special considerations for sharing the road safely.

1. Reduce speeds when encountering bicyclists.
2. Bicyclists shall ride as near to the right side of the road as possible, but may take up the entire lane when hazards, raod width, or traffic speed dictate. Recognize situations that may be potentially dangerous to bicyclists and give them space.
3. When passing, maintain a safe operating distance between your car and the bicyclist. Pass a bicyclist only when road and traffic conditions dictate that it is safe to do so. Check over your shoulder after passing a byicyclist and before moving back to normal position. In incliment weather, give bicyclists extra room. 
4. Scan for bicyclists in traffic, particulary at intersections. Most crashes involving a motor vehicle and a bicyclist occur at intersections. Allow bicyclists extra time to cross intersections. 
5. When turning right, check your blind spots for bicyclists before initiating the turn. Motorists turning left must yield to bicyclists who are approaching from the opposite direction. 
6. Children on bicycles are often unpredictable and may not have adequate knowledge of traffic laws. Chicldren may be harder to see because they are typically smaller than adults... So, expect the unexpected and slow down!

SEATBELTS

--Help keep occupants in place, reducing the chance of death or injury by being ejected from the vehicle or thrown onto the dashboard. Crashes causing injury are most likely to occur at speeds less than 40 miles per hour and within 25 miles of home. At 30 miles per hour, the force is like hitting the ground from the top of a three-story building. 

--They help you maintain proper riding and driving posture making you feel less tired after a trip. 

--North Dakota seat belt law requires: all front-seat occupants to wear seat belts (certain exemptions apply). Occupants under the age of 18 must be buckled up in both the front -- and the rear -- seating positions. 

WEARING YOUR BELT CORRECTLY

--Lap belts should lie snug and low across the hips, not across the abdomen. Shoulder belts should lie across the chest and over the collarbone with minimal, if any, slack.

--Automatic seat belts automatically move into place around the front-seat occupants when the car doors are closed. A separate belt must be fastened manually to provide sufficient protection with automatic shoulder belts. 

AIR BAGS

--designed to provide supplemental protection for belted front-seat occupants in a frontal crash. 

--Works best when everyone is buckled and children, especially those age 12 and younger, are properly restrained in the back seat. 

--Lap/shoulder belts must always be used in conjution with an airbag to protect occupants in side-impact and roll-over crashes. 

CHILD RESTRAINTS (CAR SAFETY SEATS)

--Motor vehicle crashes are a leading cause of death and injury for children in North Dakota. Tragically, most deaths and injures can be prevented with the proper use of car safety seats and seat belts.

*North Dakota's child passenger safety law requires:

1. Children under 7 must be properly secured in a child restraint or booster seat. A seat belt may be substituted for children who weigh at least 80 pounds and who are at least 57 inches (4'7) tall.
   
2. If a vehicle only has lap belts, the lap belt may be used for children over 40 pounds. These children cannot ride in a booster seat beacuse booster seats require both a lap and shoulder belt for correct use. 
3. Children ages 7 through 16 must be properly secured in a seat belt or child restraint. 
4. Child restraints and seat belts must be used correctly following the manufacturer's instructions. 

CAR RESTRAINT FINES AND OTHER TIPS

--The penalty for violation is $25 and one point against the license of the driver.

-- Correct use of a child restriant includes:

1. Installing the car seat tightly in the vehicle with the safety belt or LATCH system.
   
2. snugly securing the child in the car safety seat.

ALCOHOL

--More traffic deaths on the nation's highways are caused by alcohol than any other single cause. *In North Dakota, nearly half of the traffic deaths involve drivers who have been drinking prior to the crash. 

--Alcohol is a drug that slows the acitivity of the brain. When alcohol enters the stomach, it goes directly into the blood and other parts of the body. It reduces the amount of oxygen that reachs brain cells. 

--Alcohol directly affects a person's ability to drive. When a person drinks increasing amounts of alochol, the degree of impairment and intensity of the effect will rise rapidly.

EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL

1. Slows down reactions
2. Impairs the vision.
3. Interferes with concentration
4. Dulls judgement.
5. Creates a false sense of confidence. 

ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION (AC) & THREE FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE IT

--The amount or concentration of alcohol in the blood or breath is known as Alcohol Concentration or AC.

THREE FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE AC:

1. THE ALCOHOL CONTENT: In the average drink, the alcohol content is about the same (no matter the type). Remember that, in reality, mixed drinks at home or in a lounge VARY a great degree. Drinks at a private party tend to be quite a bit stronger.
2. THE PERIOD OF TIME OVER WHICH THE ALCOHOL WAS CONSUMED.The more alcohol you consume, the longer it takes to sober up. Time is the only way to eliminate alcohol from the blood stream. This process is relatively slow and will not be quickened by drinking coffee, taking cold showers, or exercising.
3. THE PERSON'S LEAN BODY WEIGHT. Larger people have more blood and fluids which will dilute the alcohol consumed more than in a smaller person. 

IMPLIED CONSENT

--Upon recieving your license to operate a motor vehicle in North Dakota, you have given your consent to a chemical test to determine the level of alcohol and/or drug content in your blood, breath, urine, or saliva. 

--If you refuse to take the test, your license will be revoked for 1 to 4 years. 

--Remember: A chemical test can help you. If you are not legally intoxicated, the test will show it. 

DRIVING WHILE UNDER THE INFLUENCE

When it's considered that you are drunk

Considered legally to be under the influence of alcohol:

--PERSONS OVER 21: When you have eight one-hundredths of one percent (.08%) or great of alcohol in your blood.

--PERSONS UNDER 21: When you have .02% or great of alcohol in your blood. 

GETTING CAUGHT DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE

--There are two seperate penalties involved under the DUI law. One is an administrative licen penalty, the other is a court conviction penalty. Your driving priviledges may be suspended thorugh either or both processes. 

DUI 

ADMINISTRATIVE PENALTY

--If you have an alochol concentration (AC) of .08% or more or .02% or more if you are under age 21, your license will be suspended for:

--91 days, first offense in five years.

--180 days, first offense, BAC .18 or greater in five years

--365 days, second offense in five years

--2 years, second offense, BAC .18 or greater in five years.

--2 years, thrid and subsequent offense in five years

--3 years, thrid and subsequent offince, BAC .18 or greater in five years. 

**Work permits can only be issued to first-time offenders after serving at least 30 days of suspension. Work permits cannot be given to repeat offenders or to those who refuse to take an AC or PBT test. 

DUI

COURT CONVICTION PENALTY:

--If convicted through the court process, in addition to losing your driving priveledge, you also face mandatory fines and jail sentences.

--FIRST CONVICTION: $250 fine.

--SECOND CONVICTION (within five years): $500 fine and five days in jail or 30 days community service work.

--THIRD CONVICTION (within five years): $1000 fine and 60 days in jail.

--FOURTH CONVICTION (within 7 years): $1000 fine and 180 days in jail.

***In addition, all convicted offenders are required to submit a mandatory alcohol addiction evaluation and complete any recommended treatment. These are just the minimum penalties. It could be worse! 

DRIVING WHILE YOUR LICENSE IS SUPSPENDED OR REVOKED 

--Driving while your license is suspended or revoked after an alcohol-related violation: 4 days mandatory minimum jail sentence and a fine of up to $1,000.

***The license plates and registration card for your vehicle may be impounded for the length of the suspension/revocation. 

CAUSING SERIOUS DEATH OR INJURY FROM DUI

--In addition to the minimum penalties for DUI, there are more penalties:

1. CAUSE AN INJURY: spend an additional 90 days in jail.
2. CAUSE A DEATH: Your time in jail is extended by 1 year. 

WHAT HAPPENS TO YOUR INSURANCE FROM A DUI

--If you refuse to take an AC test, or if convicted of a DUI, the law requires you to show proof of financial responsiblity (SR 22 insurance coverage). 

--Typically, motor vehicle insurance is obtained to satisfy this requirement. Chances are your annual motor vehicle insurance rates could double--or even triple!

REPORTING IMPAIRED DRIVING

--If you encounter out-of-the-ordinary driving that would indicate alcohol impairment, anyone can report this to law enforcement by dailing 911. 

OPEN CONTAINER LAW

--It is illegal for anyone (driver or passenger) to drink alcoholic beverages in or ON a motor vehicle. 

--You cannot legally have an open container in your vehicle.

--The seal cannot be broken.

--Any open containers must be placed in the trunk of the vehicle. 

MINOR IN POSSESSION/CONSUMPTION LAW

Drugs and Driving

--Drugs and driving do not mix. Even certain cold tablets and capsules can affect your driving ability by making you drowsy at the wheel. Read all directions carefully.

--As with alochol, operating under the influence of a narcotic drug is especially dangerous. Not only do you endanger your life, but you also endanger the lives of others using the same road. 

--The harsh penalties that deal with operating under the influence of alcohol also apply to narcotic drugs. (See DUI administrative and court conviction penalties.)

Pedestrians

Things to know as one.

--Traffic rules apply to pedestrians as well as motorists. Some special rules for pedestrains are listed below:

--Remember: Joggers are considered pedestrians and must also obey these rules.

--Obey traffic signals. Walk in the crosswalks.

--Do not start to cross the roadway on a flashing "Don't Walk" signal. If you are already in the intersection, move ot the other side at a normal pace. 

--If you cross a road where there is no crosswalk, you must yield the right of way toa ll vehicles on the roadway.

--Do not cross intersections diagonally unless an official traffic control device says you may.

--Walk facing traffic. Use sidewalk when you can; if there are no sidewalks, get as far off the road as possible. 

--You have the right of way ONLY in crosswalks. Yield to vehicles any place else. Use your common snse--yield if there is any danger.

--When you walk at night, walk facing traffic and wear light or white clothing. Make sure drivers can see you.

--You are not allowed to stand on the traveled portion of the street or highway for the purpose of hitchhiking.

--Drivers must always be on the lookout for pedestrians. Be alert for children at play. For instance, a ball rolling onto the street tells you a child might be chasing it. Your reactions might save a life. 

MOTORIZED BICYCLE

What is it and what do you need to ride it?

--A motorized bicycle is a two -- or three -- wheeled vehicle, no more than 32 inches wide. It must also have:

1. Foot pedals or footrests.
   
2. Maximum piston or rotor displacement of 49.98 cc. (3.05 cubic inches) enabling a speed not to exceed 30 miles per hour on a level surface.
3. An Automatic drive system not requiring the use of a clutch.

MOTORIZED BICYCLE

Rules & Guidelines

--Obey all traffic laws.

--Ride not more than two abreast (single file is safest).

--keep to the right side of the roadway.

--Give pedestrians the right of way.

--Use hand signals before turning and stopping.

--Do not carry more people on a bicycle or motorized bicycle than it was designed to carry.

--All bicycles and motorized bicycles must be equipped with a brake.

--If under 18, an approved safety helmet is required to operate a motorized bicycle. A good practice is to wear a safety helmet while riding a bicycle and motorized bicycle regardless of age.

--It is a good idea to wear brightly-colored clothing to increase your visibility in traffic.

--Only carry a package or bundle if it allows you to keep at least one hand on the handlebar.

--Do not hold onto other moving vehicles for the purpose of being towed.

--At night, all bicycles must be equipped with a headlight visible from a distance of 500 feet. The bicycle must also have a red reflector on the rear. If equipped witha taillight, it must be visible for 500 feet to the rear.

ALL-TERRAIN (OFF-HIGHWAY) VEHICLES

What you need to drive them.

***All-terrain vehicles (ATV's) are considered off-highway vehicles.

--All off-highway vehicles must be registered with the North Dakota Department of Transportation. The assigned registration number must be displayed on the vehicle.

--The operator of the off-highway vehicle must be in possession of a valid driver's license or permit.

--If you are at least 12 years of age, but NOT YET 16, you may operate an off-highway vehicle after you have completed an off-highway vehicle safety training course offered by the North Dakota Parks and Recreation Department. The safety certificate must be in your possession when operating an of-highway vehicle.

ALL-TERRAIN (OFF-HIGHWAY) VEHICLES

Some rules and regulations:

***For complete information, contact the North Dakota Parks and Recreation Department.

--Do not operate on the roadway, shoulder, or inside bank or slope of any road, street, or highway except as provided in Chapter 39-29 of the ND Century Code. Review your owners manual before operating.

--Cross streets or highways at an approximate 90 degree angle to the direction of the highway and at a place where no obstructions prevents a quick and safe crossing. Come to a complete stop before crossing the shoulder or main-traveled roadway. You must yield the right of way to all roadway traffic. When crossing a divided highway, cross only at an intersection of the highway with another street or highway.

--Except in emergencies, you may not operate within the right of way of any controlled-access highway.

--A licensed driver over 16 may operate a registered class III off-highway vehicel on a paved highway designated and posted at a speed not exceeding 65 mph.

All off-highway vehicles operated on paved highways or gravel, dirt, or loose surface roadways must meet the equipment requirement in 39-29 of the ND Century Code.

********A person who is performing pest control or survey work for a political subdivision may operate an off-highway vehicle on the bottom, back slope, inside slope, and shoulder of a highway other than a controlled-access highway.

********A licensed driver may operate a registered off-highway vehicle:

--on a gravel, dirt, or loose surface roadway.

--on a paved highway designated and posted at a speed not exceeding 55 mph.

SNOWMOBILES

What to have and who can drive them

--All snowmobiles must be registered with the North Dakota Department of Transportation. The registration number must be displayed on each side of the snowmobile.

--Must have a valid driver's license.

--At least 12 years of age, you may operate a snowmobile on private land without holding a valid driver's license, or after you have completed a snowmobile safety trianing course offered by the North Dakota Parks and Recreation Department. Certificate must be in your possession when operating a snowmobile. 

EQUIPMENT:

--A healight.

--A tailight.

--Brakes.

--A leakproof exhaust system which includes a muffler. 

SNOWMOBILE RULES

***For more information contact ND Parks and Recreation Department.

--Persons less than 18 years of age must wear a safety helmet that meets US Department of Transporation standards.

--Never operate a snowmobile on the roadway, shoulder, or inside bank of any road in North Dakota.

--Never operate on the right of way of any Interstate highway. The right of way includes the driving portion of the road, the median, the shoulders, and the ditches on either side.

--If you operate in any ditch alongside the roadway, move in the same direction as roadway traffic. 

--Never operate on any right of way from April 1 to November 1 of any year.

--If you must cross a roadway, yield the right of way to all roadway traffic. Come to a complete stop before reaching the shoulder of the road; proceed at right angles to the road when it is clear.

--On a divided highway, cross only at intersections.

--When required for your safety and that of others, use your headlights and taillights.

--never operate while under the influence of alcohol or drugs.

--Do not harass any animals with your snowmobile. You are liable for damages.

--Never operate where your machine will damage trees or plants.

--Do not operate on private land without permission. 

POINT SYSTEM

--North Dakota has developed a violation point system to improve its awareness of those drivers who constantly violate traffic laws. 

--Each traffic violation is assigned a certain amount of points. The more serious the offense, the higher its point value.

--After each violation, the corresponding amount of points are added to the driver's record. This normally occurs within 10 days of the conviction. 

--When the record reveals a total of 12 or more points, the driver will be informed that the authorities intend to suspend his or her license.  The driver may also be notified that he or she may have an administrative hearing.****If it is found to be true that the driver in question has 12 or more points, the license will be suspended according to the following table:

Accumulated Point Total                                  Period of Suspension

           12                                                              7 days

       13 and above                                        7 days for each point over 11

HOW POINT TOTAL CAN BE REDUCED

--ONE POINT: taken off for every 3 month period during which the driver has not had any points recorded against his/her record.

--THREE POINTS: taken off if the driver completes an approved driver improvement course such as a defensive driving course.

--A person may elect to attend a driver improvement course instead of points on their driving record for violations assigned five or less points. ***This option is valid once every 12 months (1 year) and may not be used in conjuction with item 2 above.

TEEN DRIVING:

WITHDRAWL OF PARENTAL CONSENT

--Parental consent (or legal guardian consent) is required for a minor to get a permit or a license. 

--The person who consented can withdraw the consent at any time and the permit or license will be cancelled.

--A teen can regain their permit or license with parental consent or when they reach the age of 18.

TEEN DRIVING

Risks- Parents need to know

--Driving is more dangerous for young drivers. Novice teen drivers crash more than any other age group. There are many reasons, including:

--Young Age/Lack of Maturity: Teens can make more errors in judgement than other age groups. Be aware that your teen is likely to drive differently and take more risks when you are not in the vehicle.

--Brain Development: Car crashes kill more teens than any other cause -- a problem, some researchers believe, is rooted in the adolescent brain. A National Institute of Health study suggests that the region of the brain that inhibits risky behavior is not fully formed until age 25.

--Risky Driving Behaviors: Teens may engage in risky driving behaviors: speeding, running red and yellow lights, running stop signs, tailgating, weaving in and out of traffic, not keeping a safe distance for merging or changing lanes, misjudging gaps in traffic, and misjudging the capability of their vehicle.

--Distractions: Music, cell phones, pets, and passengers are best left at home while your teen is learning to drive. 

--Driving Inexperience: It takes a while to get used to driving. Teens show the greatest improvement within the first year and 1,000 miles of driving. They continue to improve through their first 5,000 miles of driving. 

TEENS

High-risk Driving Conditions:

--Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs: Drinking any--yes, any--amount of alcohol produces impairment. Not only is the use of alcohol and illicit drugs illegal, the combination of the two and driving can be deadly. 

--High Speeds: For teen drivers (especially males), most severe crashes occur at high speeds. Crash risk, severity, and force all increase as speed increases.

--Passengers: For teen drivers, as the number of passengers increase, teen crashes increase. Teen passengers can be a major distraction; they may intentionally or unintentionally encourage friends to speed, show off, or not pay enough attention to the road.

--Night Driving: For teen drivers, the most severe craashes occur at night and on weekends. Novice teen drivers do not have the experience to anticipate and react to conditions at night when visibility is reduced.  

***Make sure your teen gets extensive practice driving with you in varied types of weather. Be aware that teens driving at night usually include a lack of adult supervision, carrying passengers, and driving at high speeds, all of which increase risk exponentially.****

--Seat Belt Non-Use: Seat Belt Non-use is a problem for both drivers and passengers. Seat belts are important becasue they keep the driver and passengers inside the vehicle where they are safest.

Driver education is the begining of the process of learning to drive, but teens need many, many hours of practice to become safe drivers. 

TIPS FOR SUPERVISING TEEN DRIVING

--Who: Pratice with only you and your teen in the vehicle.

--What: Practice the driving skills yourself that your teen is learning. Begin with basic skills such as turning, parking, and backing up. Then, practice more complex skills such as changing lanes and merging. 

--When: In the begining, practice during daylight hours with good weather. As your teen's skills increase, gradually expose them to different roads, weather conditions, and times of day.

--Where: In the begining, practice in safe, low-risk driving area. Start out in empty parking lots or on remote roads. As your teen's skills increase, progress to quiet neighborhood street and later to busier roads and highways.

--Why: New drivers need a lot of practice to handle daily driving hazards and unexpected situations. ***Teens will show the greatest improvement the first 1,000 to 5,000 miles of driving.

Parents of Teen Drivers:

Do these each time you practice

--Be in the "practicing mood." Practice when both of you are ready, in good moods, have sufficient time, and are well rested. 

--Adjust mirrors, seat belts, seats, and steering wheel position before starting the vehicle.

--Always wear your seat belts and use your headlights day and night!

--Come to a complete stop at stop signs and for right turns at red lights.

--When proceeding from a stop look left, then front (straight ahead), then right before proceeding.

--Keep your eyes moving. Use your mirros to check around and behind the vehicle every 6-8 seconds.

--Keep at least 3-4 second space between your vehicle and others in traffic flow. Try to stay centered in your lane of travel.

--Avoid the "No-Zone" with trucks or buses.This is about 15 feet on all sides of the truck. If you cannot see truck drivers in their mirros, they cannot see you either.

--Be aware--Speed increases braking distance.  Doubling your speed will quadruiple your braking distance. The faster you're going, the longer it takes to stop.

--Be aware-- Vehicle weight increases braking distance. Doubling your vehicle's weight will double your braking distance. if you are driving a large vehicle or towing a trailer it takes longer to stop.

***North Dakota law sets requirements for teen driving but familes need to determine other rules and limites for their teen drivers. Make sure that family rules are very clear from the begining. Talk to your teen about driving every chance you get. 

Use a Parent-Teen Driving Agreement

--Use a Parent-Teen Driving Agreement to determine appropriate rules and guidelines for your teen driver, and make sure everyone is clear about them!

--A sample agreement can be found on the internet at www.dot.nd.gov/divisions/safety/trafficsafety.htm under "Education."

DRIVING RULES/GUIDELINES FOR YOUR FAMILY

--Require Seat Belt Use: This applies to your teen and all passengers at all times.

--Prohibit Alcohol and/or Drug use: This applies to your teen as the driver of any vehicle.

--Prohibit Riding with Someone who has used alcohol and/or Drugs:This applies to your teen as a passenger in another vehicle.

--Require Compliance with Speed Limits: Stress that this applies to all roads at all times because crash forces at higher speeds kill.

--Prohibit Distractions While Driving: Prohibit cell phone use, eating, drinking, pets, or changing radio or CDs while driving.

--Require a Full Report: Require information about each trip before leaving, including where your teen is going, with whom, and when they will return so that you know where they are.

PROVIDE A SAFE, RELIABLE VEHICLE FOR YOUR TEEN

--Mid to full size sedans and station wagons with smaller engines and airbags are safest for teen drivers.

--Under certain conditions, small trucks and SUVs may be more prone to roll-overs than other types of vehicles.

--High-performance cars may encourage teens to drive beyond their experience level. 

I

MPOSE CONSEQUENCES FOR VIOLATING RULES/GUIDELINES FOR YOUR TEEN

--Make consequences relate to losing driving privileges: For a day, weekend, week, month, etc., depending on the violation.

--Consequences not related to losing driving privileges will not be as effective in sending the messages: "You must be a responsible driver" and "I am serious about your following the rules and limits for driving."

--Consider requiring your teen to complete additional supervised practice.

--Make consequences known: Set consequences for common violations before they occur so that your teen know what to expect.

--Getting a speeding ticket.

--Coming home less than 30 minutes after curfew.

--Coming home more than 30 minutes after curfew.

--Lying about their whereabouts.

--Violating passenger restrictions.

*****In North Dakota, teen drivers account for aobut 20% of fatal crashes. So, before you ever get into the car, make sure that both you and your teen understand the basics. ***

Teen Driver Training Orientation

Knowing the common teen driving errors and ways to help

Top 11 Driving Errors by teens:

--Not attending to the path of travel

--Driving 5 ore more miles per hour too fast for conditions

--Driving too fast through a curve

--Inadequate search at an intersection and failing to yield to cross traffic.

--Lack of attention at an intersection and being struck by another driver.

--Improper evasive action--quick turn not executed properly

--Failure to maintain visual lead

--Failure to see action developing at side of the roadway.

--Following too closely

--Willfully taking right-of-way.

--Distracted.

AGGRESSIVE DRIVING

--Drivers who routinely speed, run red lights and stop signs, tailgate, and otherwise disregard the safety of other motorists are turning streets and highways into high-risk areas. 

--Aggressive driving can easily escalate into road rage. We're all too familiar with stories of motorists who've killed or injured other drivers for seemingly trivial reasons.

WHEN IS IT AGGRESSIVE DRIVING?

The following attitudes and behaviors indicate that problem driving behaviors are related to aggression rather than inexperience:

--Constant rushing, lane jumping, and the need to "get ahead."

--Ignoring road signs and regulations.

--Constantly ridiculing and criticizing other drivers.

--Denying entry into your lane or preventing passing.

--Speeding past another car, revving engine.

--Tailgating a driver to try and prompt them to go faster or get out of your way.

--Honking, yelling, or making visible insulting gestures.

When Confronted by Agressive Drivers:

--First and foremost, make every attempt to get out of their way.

--Put yor pride in the backseat. Do not challenge them by speeding up or attempting to "hold-your-own" in your travel lane.

--Wear your seat belt. It will hold you in your seat and behind your wheel in case you need to make an abrupt driving maneuver and it will protect you in a crash.

--Avoid eye contact.

--Ignore gestures and refuse to return them.

--Report agressive drivers to the appropriate authorities by providing a vehicle description, license number, location, and if possible, direction of travel.

--If you have a cell phone, and can do it safely, call 911. 

+People who aren’t deemed residents for the purpose of getting a license here: 

A)     --Nonresident student

B)      --A tourist

C)      --Nonresident member of the Armed Forces who has lived in this state for 90 consecutive days.

+After becoming a resident (think new military personnel), you may operate:

A)     --Class D vehicle

B)      --Class M vehicle

C)      --+with an operator’s license from another state for a period of 60 days from becoming a resident.

D)     --At the end of 60 days, you are required to take the necessary tests to obtain a ND operator’s license.

1.       Class A, B, or C vehicle operators have 30 days to get a ND Commercial Driver’s License.

2.       +Proof of resident address may be required.

To earn the priviledge of driving in North Dakota you must: 

---know and understand the rules of the road and demonstrate your ability to operate your vehicle.

+All ND residents must have a valid ND Operator’s License or permit in order to drive in ND. 

A)     --It must be signed by you.

B)    --  Must be in your possession every time you drive.

Exemptions:

1.       Nonresidents at least 16 years old, who have licenses from their home state or country (including military).  *Have to be 16 to drive in ND

2.       US Government Employees or ND National Guard while operating a government vehicle on official business.

3.       ND residents on active duty in the Armed Forces outside North Dakota. If these people held a valid operator’s license when they left the state, it will remain valid until 30 days after discharge or separation from service. 

+People who can’t get a license:

A)     --Those under 16 years of age

B)    --  Those whose license has been revoked or suspended in this state or any other

C)      --Any applicants who have been deemed addicted to drugs or alcohol, or those considered to be a hazard to public safety on our roadways because of mental or physical disability.

D)     --People with a history of: epilepsy, blackouts, seizures, fainting spells, or other lapse of consciousness.

~~Exception: Person in question has had no seizures for at least six consecutive months prior to making application, and is willing to submit to the required medical examination. 

Permits: 

What do they do and long are they valid?

A)     Allow you to legally practice driving.

B)      Valid up to one year or the “duration of stay” date (whichever is less) if an immigration document is presented for proof of identity. 

Permit Rules: 

A)     Person with a license for the class of vehicle being driven (18+ and has had at least 3 years of experience) must ride in the seat beside you.

B)      If the vehicle only has one seat (like a truck) the person mentioned above must be sitting beside them with the third party person nearest the door. 

How to Recieve a Permit: 18+

--Must have proof of legal presence, current name and date of birth. **Out-of-state  permits, licenses, and ID cards will not be accepted. 

Acceptable forms are: 

--U.S. Birth Certificate (state certified; Government-issued: includes U.S. territories)

--Valid U.S. Passport

--U.S. Government-issued Consular Report of Birth Abroad (Certificate or FS 240 -- Seal required)

--Valid Foreign Passport with an I-94 card or an I-551 stamp

--U.S. Active Duty/ Retiree/Reservist Military ID Card

--U.S. Court Order for adoption containing the legal name and date of birth (Court seal required).

--Us Court order for name change, divorce decree, or marriage certificate can be used for proof of current name only.

--North Dakota state-issued permit, license, or ID card.

--The folowing Immigration documents (unexpired0:

         -I-551 Resident Alien or Permanent Resident Card

         -I-766 Employment Authorization Card

         -N560 Certificate of Citizenship

         -N550 Certificate of Naturalization

         -I-94 card stamped Refugee or Asylee

****Only original documents and certified copies will be accepted. No photocopies. 

*****You will not be allowed to test without proper identification.

--must complete visual screen test

--must complete and pass written examination.

How to recieve a license for 14 or 15 years old:

A)    A.  Have to have the permit for 12 months -- or to the age of 16  (whichever comes first), but no less than 6 months prior to completing the road test.  

B)      B. Have to complete a minimum of 50 hours of supervised practiced driving in variable conditions. Parent/guardian must accompany them to the test site and sign that they’ve met this requirement: NOTE: This is in ADDITION to the formal driver’s education requirement.

16 or 17 year olds going for a license: 

A)     Must have the permit for 6 months or to the age of 18 (whichever comes first), prior to completing the road test. 

EXAMINATIONS

Cooperation With the Examiner:

--The applicant must at all times cooperate with the examiners by following their instructions.

--License applicants must furnish their own vehicle for the road test. The vehicle equipment will be inspected. All equipment must be in good working order and display current registration.

--Pets or passengers will not be allowed in the vehicle during the road test.

--In order to pass, you must: follow instructions, keep in the proper lane, give the proper signals, parallel park your vehicle, demonstrate good driving posture, and obey all traffic signs and traffic laws. If you fail any of the test, you will not be allowed to retake the examination the same day.

--All applicants less than 16 years of age must be accompanied by one of their parents or a legal guardian when they appear before the examiner for the road test. The parent or legal guardian will be required to sign an authorization stating the need for the child to operate a vehicle wihout being accompanied by an adult.

--If you are 14 or 15 years old, you may be issued a permit to operate your parent's, guardian's, grandparent's, sibling's, aunts or uncles Class D noncommercial vehicle. You may operate a vehicle that is not your parent's or guardian's to take the road test. You must present a driver education certificate when you report for the road test.

***********To obtain the certificate, you must complete 30 hours of classroom and 6 hours of behind the wheel through the Department of Public Instruction or 6 hours behind the wheel training through a commercial driver training school approved by the North Dakota Highway Patrol.

Organ and Tissue Donation Saves Lives

--At least 14 and wish to be identified as a donor on your operator's license, permit, or identification card, you may do so by signing the donor identification block on the application form.

--You may also register online at www.dot.nd.gov. 

--More info, visit www.life-source.org.