Term
|
Definition
DNA that codes for a protein which equals a trait
-Genetic factor that helps determine a trait |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One of 2 or more alternative forms of a gene |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Material Found in Eukaryotic nucleus that consists of DNA and protein |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is an organized structure of DNA and protein that is found in cells. A chromosome is a single piece of coiled DNA containing many genes, regulatory elements and other nucleotide sequences. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Single copy of Chromosome before replication |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
When chromatids have been replicated
-same info -> before cells divide in the X (metaphase) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chromosomes that have same type if info but have different forms of the gene |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| genetic phenomenon by which certain genes are expressed in a parent-of-origin-specific manner. It is an inheritance process independent of the classical Mendelian inheritance. Imprinted genes are either expressed only from the allele inherited from the mother |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Found when one allele is not dominant over another allele at a locus. Phenotype of the heterozygote is different from the phenotypes of either homozygotes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Genes that kill the individual before birth. Heterozygote Recessive individuals don't exist in the population |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Genes that eventually kill an individual after a long portion of life. Ex. Huntington's Disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Can observe both gene products directly. Ex. ABO Bloodgroups |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gene is responsible for more than one seemingly unrelated phenotypic event. Ex. Dwarfism and low muscle tone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Interaction among several loci |
|
|
Term
| Single Recessive Epistasis |
|
Definition
| Recessive trait at one locus masks the effect of the second locus |
|
|
Term
| Single Dominant Epistasis |
|
Definition
| Dominant trait at one locus masks the effect of the second locus |
|
|
Term
| Duplicate Recessive Epistasis |
|
Definition
| Recessive trait at either locus masks the expression of the dominant phenotype at the other locus |
|
|
Term
| Duplicate Genes with Cumulative Effect |
|
Definition
| Duplicate effects from two loci |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of cytoplasmic inheritance where the maternal cell is infected by a bacterial cell where the infection is passed onto cells offspring. Rare in high level organisms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type of Cytoplasmic Inheritance where organelles (mitochondria and chloroplasts) are inherited strictly from maternal cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Females have the characteristic but not expressed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a mode of inheritance in which a mutation in a gene on the X chromosome causes the phenotype to be expressed (1) in males (who are necessarily hemizygous for the gene mutation because they have only one X chromosome) and (2) in females who are homozygous for the gene mutation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An Father with this gene will pass on the disorder to all of his daughters |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A pattern of inheritance in which an affected individual has one copy of a mutant gene and one normal gene on a pair of autosomal chromosomes. 50/50 chance of passing it on |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A genetic condition that appears only in individuals who have received two copies of an autosomal gene, one copy from each parent. The gene is on an autosome, a nonsex chromosome. The parents are carriers who have only one copy of the gene and do not exhibit the trait because the gene is recessive to its normal counterpart gene. |
|
|
