Term
The elderly tend to have decreased serum albumin levels, which may cause:
1.)enhanced absorption
2.)Toxic drug effects
3.) Enhanced drug distribution
4.) an increase in therapeutic effect |
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Definition
Answer:
2.) Toxic drug effects occur because there is less albumin (or protein) for the drug to bind to in the elderly leaving more free drug to circulate and act on tissue. |
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Term
Taking antibiotics with food will:
1.) delay rate of absorption
2.) increase rate of absorption
3.) prevent side effects
4.) enhance action of drug |
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Definition
Answer:
1.) delay the rate of absorption. Furthermore, taking dairy products with an antibiotic such as tetracycline will cause calcium (Ca+) to bind to the drug and decrease absorption. |
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Term
The nurse needs to be aware that if a central nervous system (CNS) depressant is administered to an infant, toxic effects can occur primarily due to:
1.) increased drug absorption 2.)increased drug distribution 3.)decreased drug half-life
4.)decreased drug excretion |
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Definition
Answer:
2.) Increased drug distribution. The blood brain barrier is not fully developed in infants and CNS depressants can readily penetrate |
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Term
The nurse is teaching the client about insulin injections. Which statement is correct?
1.) Insulin needs to be shaken well before being drawn up into the syringe.
2.) Long-acting insulins are clear in color
3.) When putting regular and NHP insulin in the same syringe, draw regular insulin up first.
4.) NHP is compatible with regular and lente insulin |
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Definition
Answer:
3.) Regular insulin should be drawn up before NHP when being combined. |
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Term
Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching by the nurse?
1.) "I will inject my insulin at a 90 degree angle."
2.) "I will take more insulin when I go to my exercise class."
3.) "I will always have some kind of sugar with me in case I have a hypoglycemic reaction."
4.) "I will carefully draw up my doses of insulin." |
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Definition
Answer:
2.) "I will take more insulin when I go to my exercise class." <-- this is an incorrect statement. Exercise increases glucose use in the body, so a decreased dose of insulin may be needed. |
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Term
The client states that he is getting headaches after taking nitroglycerin. The nurse is aware that this is a:
1.) toxic effect
2.) symptom of tolerance
3.) hypersensitivity reaction
4.) adverse effect |
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Definition
Answer:
4.) A headache is a frequently seen adverse effect that usually disappears with long-term therapy. |
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Term
Which of the following should the nurse include in teaching about taking sublingual nitroglycerin?
1.) To replace the tablets on a yearly basis
2.) Keep the tablets in a moist warm environment
3.)Take the tablet before excersise to prevent angina
4.)Notify the physician if after 5 consecutive doses the chest pain persists |
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Definition
| Answer: 3.) Nitroglycerin should be taken before exercise to prevent an anginal attack. |
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Term
What should the nurse have readily available for a heparin overdose?
1.)Platelets
2.) Urokinase
3.) Protamine sulfate
4.) Vitamin K |
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Definition
Answer:
3.) Protamine sulfate is the antidote for heparin overdose. |
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Term
A patient is prescribed penicillin and probenifit together to fight a bacterial infection. The two drugs combined will produce a complimentary therapeutic response that is more effective than either drug on it's own. This is an example of:
1.) A synergistic drug interaction
2.) An antagonistic drug interaction
3.) Drug Dose response Curve
4.) Minimum Inhibitory Concentration |
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Definition
| Answer: 1.) Synergistic drug interaction is when 2 drugs combined to produce a complimentary therapeutic response that is more effective than either drug on it's own. |
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Term
Which is an important consideration in drug administration for infants?
1.) The half life of the drug may be shorter.
2.) Infants have decreased plasma proteins.
3.) Drug half-life in infants may be 2-5 times longer.
4.) Infants sleep longer resulting in decreased GI motility. |
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Definition
| Answer: 3.) Drug half-life in infants may be 2-5 times longer. |
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