Term
|
Definition
| Any of various tailless Old World primates, including the Gibbons, Orangutans, Humans, etc.. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Locomotion accomplished by swinging by the arms from one hold to another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A region of the brain concentrated with the production of speech, located in the cortex of the dominant frontal lobe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A bony ridge located above the eye sockets of all primates, In modern humans the eyebrows are located on their lower margin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The part of the skull that encloses the brain (also called braincase). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The large opening at the base of the skull through which the spinal cord passes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Usually walks upright on two legs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form of quadrupedal walking in which the bodyweight presses down on the ground through the knuckles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A bony ridge at the back of the skull. It is where the neck muscles and ligaments attached in order to support the head |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Adopted for walking only on two legs, with no ability to walk on four. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A thumb that can be placed opposite the fingers of the same hand |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Describes an animal's limb or tail that is able of grasping |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any of various mammals of the order primate, consisting of the lemurs, lorises, tarsiers, New World monkeys, Old world monkeys and Apes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Literally "forward jaw". Describes the degree to which the maxilla and mandible (the muzzle) extend forward to the face> |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A bony ridge on the top of the skull to which the jaw muscles are attached. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The differences in appearance between males and females of the same species |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Of or related to the ground or earth, Particularly describes that live on the ground. (Starts w T) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The angle the femur ( upper leg bone ) Makes relative to the knee. Close to 90 deg in non-human apes, less in bipedal humans. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A region of the brain concerned with the comprehension of language, located in the cortex of the dominant temporal lobe. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The bony arch at the outer border of the eye socket, formed by the joining of the cheekbone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Changes in the phenotypes that are due to changes to genetic changes passed on in genes from one generation to the next |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The volume of the braincase - usually given in cm3. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "Within the skull" - refers to features of the brain inferred by endocast impressions and volume |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| All extinct and living great apes. Includes: Humans, chimps, gorillas, and orangutans (and their ancestral species) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The degree at with the maxilla and mandible (snout) extend beyond the face (pronounced in chimps, much redouced in H. sapiens. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tools made and used by H. Erectus.
Typically teardrop-shaped 'hand axes' that were worked on all surfaces. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Passing in traits and skills by learning rather than by genetic processes. Potentially very much quicker than biological evolution (no generation time). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Deliberately managing the reproduction of a species to make use of it for human benefit. Typically involves wild species being tamed and physically/phenotypically altered in some way to provide a benefit to humans. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The ability to imagine an outcome or product before it happens. Vital for planning ahead, particularly in tool making, hunting, and migrating. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A multistage process involving preparing a core stone then using a hammer and chisel to strike a flake with very sharp edges. Required forethought and skill and some amount of teaching and learning. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The DNA present within every mitochondrion. Mitrochondia were originally prokaryotic endosymbionts. mtDNA can be used to trace maternal inheritance as mtDNA only passes from human mothers to their offspriing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tools made and used by H. neanderthalensis. Typically, they were hand axes but they can include scrapers and fine points. |
|
|
Term
| Multiregional dispersal model |
|
Definition
| Modern humans evolved separately in Europe, Asia, and Africa, following the dispersal of early homo around 1mya. Continual gene flow kept them from speciating |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A population with no fixed 'home'-typically they wander from place to place. May involve following herds or movements from one food resource to another seasonally. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
First tools made by H. habilis
Typically a 'chopper' for striking bones to extract the marrow. |
|
|
Term
| Out of Africa dispersal model |
|
Definition
| Modern humans evolved from a homo group that Africa around 120 kya, spreading throughout Europe and Asia (and beyond), replacing all previous hominins. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A group of hominins identified from finger bones and teeth, found in central Asia, with genetic links to people of east Asian and Melanesian ancestry. |
|
|
Term
| Upper Paleolithic tool culture |
|
Definition
| Stone age culture of H. Sapins. Still used by some groups of humans. Used stone, bone, wood, antlers, hides, and rope, etc, to produce a range of useful objects. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 8Kya, Middle East or China |
|
|
Term
| Cattle First domestication |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 2.7mya - 2mya (H. Habilis) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1.7mya - 100kya (H. Ergaster, Erectus, Heidelbergensis) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 600kya - 40kya (H. Neanderthalensis) |
|
|
Term
| Upper Paleolithic Time Period |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
