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Studied friendship w/i children and came up with the "good me" and "bad me" differences. |
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Maslow's needs in order from high to low |
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self-actualization, self-esteem, belongingness and love, safety, physiological |
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Rogers believed what can cause a client problems with self-concept? |
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When self-concept doesn't match ideal self. |
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What famous experiment is Watson famous for? |
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Believed in the tabulae rasa and therefore we are conditioned to have fear, love, and rage. |
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Joseph Wolpe believed neurotic behavior is due to _______ |
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Wolpe believes ________ is learned |
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Law of effect is associated w/ |
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Operant conditioning is associated w/ |
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Social learning is associated w/ |
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empiricism takes __________ qualities into effect |
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organism takes ______________ qualities into effect |
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Harlow found that food was... |
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neither necessary or enough to establish attachment |
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at 8 months ________ usually shows up |
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Separation anxiety occurs around |
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object permanence occus at about |
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self-recognition usually occurs at |
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Existentialists believe anxiety is... |
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neurotic and the result of faulty learning |
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career maturity associated w/ |
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socio-culture associated w/ |
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_______ based his parent education program STEP on Adlerian principles |
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Behavioral family therapy is assoc. w/ |
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Self-efficacy is important to |
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During and after a divorce (boys or girls) are more adversly affected and recover more slowly |
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Definition
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Kubler-Ross's stages of grief |
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denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance |
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Attachment Bonds is associated w/ |
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Self-talk is explained by |
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Holland felt that there should be a congruence between _______ and ________ |
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personality types and environment |
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Daydreams are important in who's career theory |
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What are Holland's personality types |
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realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, and conventional
*remember RIASEC because the letter it is by is close to its personality type and the C would just be pulled to the R |
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What two career tests is associated with Holland's theory |
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Super's career theory (is/is not) developmental |
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Super believes what will be changed with time and experience |
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Super's career maturity stages are |
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Definition
growth, exploratory, establishment, maintenance, decline |
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Gottfredson's career theory is called |
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Circumscription and compromise |
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Gottfredson's career theory (is/ is not) developmental |
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Gottfredson believed career aspirations are attempts to implement one's _____ |
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Gottfredson believed one's career/job should be congruent w/ one's |
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Gottfredson's cognitive maps that are factors in career choice in order of most important to least... |
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Definition
masculinity/femininity of job
prestige
fields of work |
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Gottfredson's 4 stages of career maturity are |
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Definition
orientation to size and power 3-5
sex roles 6-8
social valuation 9-13
internal unique self 14+ |
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Krumboltz based his learning theory on... |
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Krumboltz theory is a learning theory and his specific theory is called |
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Krumboltz's 4 factors of career decision making are |
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Definition
*genetic endowment and special abilities *environmental conditions and events *learning experiences *task approach skills |
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Career beliefs inventory is associated with what theorist |
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Definition
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rewards and punishments in career theory is associated w/ |
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Definition
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Status attainment theory maintains that career choice is dependent on |
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Definition
family status and cognitive variables combine thru social-psychological processes |
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The Social-Cognitive Perspective of career theory is associated w/ |
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Definition
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Social-Cognitive perspective says _______ is critical |
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Definition
self-efficacy (personal performance accomplishments, physiological states, vicarious learning, social persuasion, and reactions) |
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Cognitive Information Processing in career is assoc. w/ |
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Definition
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Career Thoughts Inventory is assoc/ w/ what theory |
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Definition
Cognitive Information Processing |
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What is important in career choice in the Cognitive Information Processing theory? |
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Definition
Self-knowledge and knowledge about careers |
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Ginzberg et al.'s theory of career (is/ is not) developmental |
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Definition
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What are Ginzberg et al.'s stages of career development |
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Definition
fantasy 6-11
tentative 11-17
realistic 17+ |
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Fields and levels in career theory is assoc. w/ |
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Definition
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Professional and managerial (highest) Professional and managerial (regular) semi-professional and managerial skilled semi-skilled unskilled |
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Service, business contact, managerial, general culture, arts and entertainment, technical, outdoor, sciences (last 3 are non-person fields) |
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Tiedeman's decision making model believes career development occurred as part of... |
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Definition
cognitive development as one resolved ego-relevant crises |
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Cognitive Information Processing in career empasizes |
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Definition
cognitions, information, and problem solving |
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Cognitive Information Processing steps are... CASVE |
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Definition
C ommunication A nalysis S ynthesis V aluing E xecution |
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Gelatt-decision making process includes... |
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Definition
*recognize a need to make a decision *collect data and look @ course of action *examine outcomes and probability *attend to your value system *evaluate and choose |
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Crites' model of career counseling takes what thoeries into consideration |
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Definition
client-centered, Trait and Factor, and behavioral |
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Crites' model includes what steps of problem solving |
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Definition
differential-what are the problems dynamics-why have the problems occurred decisional-how are the problems being dealt w/ |
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Career maturity is associated w/ |
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Definition
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identify the general category, division, and group of occupations |
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Definition
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Work Adjustment Theory
Satisfactoriness- |
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Definition
external indicator derived from sources other than thru the worker's own self-appraisal |
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Work Adjustment Theory
Satisfaction |
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Definition
worker's appraisal of extent to which the work environment fulfills his requirements |
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Career guidance is defined as |
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Definition
developmental and educational process |
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Career counseling is defined as |
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Definition
a therapeutic service to adults |
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Trait-factor approach is related to |
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Trait-Factor approach (is/ is not) developmental |
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Definition
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Ann Roe's approach entails _______ |
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Definition
Maslow's hierarchy of needs and the unconscious |
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Rorschach and TAT are associated w/ what career theorist |
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Definition
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_____ believes career choice is influenced by genetics, parent child interactions, unconditioned motivators, current needs, interests, education, and intelligence |
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Definition
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____ believes difficulties related to job choice are indicative of neurotic symptoms |
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Definition
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Bordin's career approach (does/ does not) encompass the unconscious |
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Definition
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_________ took sublimation into affect in career choice |
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Definition
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TAT and "needs press" theory were developed by |
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____ developed a personality approach to career based on Henry Murray's TAT and needs press theory |
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middle 3- transfer of skills
last three- alpha of titles |
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reliving in the imagination the original experience, the emotions were also relived |
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ages of Freud's stages oral anal phallic latency genital |
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Definition
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inferiority complex assoc. w/ |
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lifestyle is emphasized by what theorist |
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Adler's lifestyle is defined as... |
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Definition
the unique way in which each of us seeks to overcome feelings of inferiority and to achieve our goals |
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imagined central goal that guides our behavior |
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fictional finalism assoc. w/ |
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Definition
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Adler's exploration/analysis entails... |
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Definition
lifestyle analysis family constellation and birth order dreams earliest recollection priorities and ways of behaving summarizing of findings |
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acting as if avoiding the tar baby catching oneself pushing the button spitting in client's soup are assoc. w/ |
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Definition
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catharsis is emphasized and first explored by |
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Definition
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Jung's conscious mind consists of |
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Definition
ego, persona, attitudes and functions |
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Term
Jung's unconscious mind consists of |
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Definition
collective unconscious: self, archetypes(anima/animus), image, myths, symbols
personal unconscious: repressed or forgotten memories, complexes, archetypes (shadow) |
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What theorist believed in the drive for superiority? |
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Definition
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Horney's three styles of relating to others... |
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Definition
moving toward people
moving against people
moving away from people |
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Interpersonal Psychoanalysis assoc w/ |
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Definition
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Transactional Analysis, Parent, Child, and Adult states, and lifescripts are assoc. w/ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
being present, being in the world |
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Term
Self-actualization is emphasized by what theorists |
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Definition
Existentialists, Gestaltists |
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figure-ground ego boundary here and now dreams are assoc w/ what theorists |
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Definition
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Systematic desensitization and SUDS assoc w/ |
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Freud's most controversial topic |
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Freud's most important concept |
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basic, subtractive, additive |
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Counselor's self-image is can be influenced by... |
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Definition
competence, power, and intimacy |
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Rogers believed that people are basically (good/bad) and we move towards_____ and _______ |
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Definition
good
growth and self-actualization |
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Messages learned about self in childhood determines whether the person is good or bad is emphasized by |
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Definition
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Freud believed people are deterministic which means |
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Definition
people are controlled by biological constructs; are unsocialized, irrational; driven by unconscious forces |
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______ believed people have cultural propensity to think in a disturbed manner but can be taught |
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Definition
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Fritz Perls believed people are (good/bad) |
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Definition
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Adler believed man is basically (good/bad) |
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Definition
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_____ believes people strive to meet basic physiological needs and the need to be worthwhile to self and others:Brain is control center |
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Definition
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_____ believed man strives for individuation or sense of self-fullfillment |
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Definition
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Skinner believed people are basically (good/bad) |
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Definition
neither; we are controlled via environmental stimuli and reinforcement |
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Person produces and is a product of conditioning assoc. w/ |
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Definition
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decade of peak competition between the different schools of thought in counseling |
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unexpressed emotions are unfinished business assoc. w/ |
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Definition
doing to yourself what you'd rather due to someone else |
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Gestalt's 5 layers of Onion |
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Definition
phony, phobic, impasse, implosive, explosive |
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Rackets-(Transactional Analysis) |
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Definition
after a "game" unpleasant feelings are called rackets |
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When the past is discussed in Reality Therapy, the focus is on ____________ |
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Definition
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Definition
philosophy of being and existing |
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Definition
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analytic psychology is also called |
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Definition
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Failure to meet needs results in a mental illness assoc w/ what theory |
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Definition
reality (what not why questions) |
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Treatment goal in Person Centered therapy is for |
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Definition
a fully functioning person |
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Definition
forming, norming, storming, performing, adjourning |
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was beginning of modern group work period |
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Definition
WWII and 1940's (T-groups were formed) |
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in groups ____ is most important trait |
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Definition
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Term
American Society for Group Psychotherapy and Psychodrama
American Group Psychotherapy Association |
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Definition
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Term
Yalom's leadership styles |
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Definition
Impersonals, managers, laissez-faires, social engineers, energizers, providers(most important) |
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Definition
attractive examiner or same color examiner |
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multiple choice also called |
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Definition
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Definition
based on the individual (for example: "Mr J's anxiety is improving) |
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A good speed test is considered one that |
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Definition
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various age brackets/levels |
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Any trait you cannot "directly" measure or observe can be considered a ________ |
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Definition
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Term
___________ believed that intelligence was normally distributed and primarily genetic (unitary) |
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Definition
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Term
Stanford-Binet's IQ formula has been replaced by |
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Definition
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Definition
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence |
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Definition
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (16+) |
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Definition
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children |
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Term
Merrill-Palmer Scale of Mental Tests |
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Definition
Intelligence test for infants |
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Term
John Ertl measured intelligence by |
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Definition
analyzing neural efficiency w/ a computer, strobe light, and an electrode helmet |
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Term
Fluid and crystallized thought
and
16PF assoc. w/ |
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Definition
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Term
Mental Measurements Yearbook developed by |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
General Aptitude Test Battery |
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Increase test:______ reliability |
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Definition
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Term
Experiment considered ex-post facto, IV can't be manipulated, pre-existing groups |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
interpret results in the simplest way |
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Term
Lowering significance level ______ type I errors and ______ type II errors |
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Definition
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Term
Increase sample size ____ Type I errors and _____ type II errors |
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Definition
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If pre-testing has an influence use the |
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Definition
Solomon four group design |
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Term
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Definition
subjects strive to prove that an experimental treatment that could threaten their livelihood really isn't all that effective |
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Term
2 or more independent variables |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
placement/standing (numbers are X increments apart) |
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Definition
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survey needs _% return rate |
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Definition
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Definition
if subjects knew or were given more attention, their performance improves |
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Definition
Association for Assessment in Counseling and Education |
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Definition
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Term
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begins @ real world, practical level |
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Definition
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Definition
cues, information, knowledge, even rumors the subject has heard about hte experiment which are likely to influence his/her performance |
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Definition
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Term
1st professional counseling association |
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Definition
National Vocational Guidance Association |
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Term
Counseling formally coming into its own |
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Definition
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Term
professional research and theories blossoming |
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Definition
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Term
Counseling obtains professional status |
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Definition
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Term
In order to prove malpractice: |
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Definition
relationship established counselor's conduct below level of care conduct was injurous to client actual injury was sustained |
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Confidentiality is a ___ matter |
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Definition
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Term
AACD became _____ in 1992 |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
Certified Rehabilitation Counselor |
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Term
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Definition
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Counseling became popular w/ publication of |
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Definition
Workbook in Vocation by Proctor, Benefield, and Wrenn |
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1960's publication of Wrenn's book _________ urged counselors to focus on development |
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Definition
Counselor in a Changing World |
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Ackerman assoc w/ _____ school of theory |
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Definition
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Term
Psychodynamic family therapy the therapist is |
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Definition
a blank screen to project onto |
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Walter Kempler associated with what experiential therapy with families |
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Definition
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Confrontation is important in ____ Family therapy |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Greenberg and Johnson belong to the ____ Family Therapy |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Goal of trangenerational family therapy |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
joining w/ family (mimicking their roles and customs) |
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Jay Haley and Cloe Madanes assoc w/ |
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Definition
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____ family therapy uses paradoxical interventions |
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Definition
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What is the goal of Strategic Family Therapy |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
pioneer of cybernetics is |
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Definition
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Definition
ability of the family o balance stability |
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Definition
family's ability to change |
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Systems Theory Model associated w/ |
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Definition
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psychology of the absurd assoc w/ |
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Definition
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Term
Premack's intervention w/ families is that |
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Definition
a family member must complete an unpleasant task before a pleasant one |
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Term
Reciprocity in family therapy (couple therapy) |
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Definition
two people will reinforce each other at about the same level over time or marital discord may result |
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Term
in psychoanalytic family therapy an object is... |
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Definition
a significant other w/ whom a child (or other individual) wishes to bond |
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Term
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Definition
1st order-superficial 2nd order-is desirable |
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Term
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Definition
consultant or supervisory team that sends messages to Therapist or family |
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Term
Relabeling and reframing assoc w/ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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incongruous hierarchy assoc w/ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
that it might be best not to change |
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Term
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Definition
when a helper accepts the client's predicament and then exaggerates the condition |
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Term
Family therapies best used w/ African Americans |
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Definition
Bowenian, Structural, Haley's Strategic |
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Term
Family therapies best used w/ Asian Americans |
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Definition
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Term
Family therapies best used w/ Hispanic Americans |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
2 members at different levels of family's hierarchy team against another |
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Term
Family therapist considered atheoretical |
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Definition
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Term
1-way mirroring and reflecting team assoc w/ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
treatment observation, measurement, or score control group random sampling |
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Term
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Definition
a quasi-experimental design that relies on multiple observation of the dependent variable before and after treatment |
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Term
2 newest approaches in career theory |
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Definition
constructivist and cognitive |
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Term
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Definition
Theory of Work Adjustment |
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Term
A person fits the job and the work meets the needs of the person is essential in- |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Person Environment Correspondence |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Social-Cognitive Career Theory |
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Term
"myth of mental illness" quoted by |
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Definition
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Term
3rd leading killer in 15-24 |
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Definition
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Term
1st leading killer in 15-24 |
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Definition
alcohol related accidents |
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Term
Cognitive dissonance assoc w/ |
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Definition
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Term
The Wellness Model assoc w/ |
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Definition
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Term
Microcephaly, cleff palate, and wide bridge nose assoc w/ |
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Definition
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Term
Chi-Square used when there are no |
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Definition
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Term
encouragement is a concept in ____ therapy |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
culture fair intelligence test |
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Term
The neurotransmitter _______ is linked to Parkinson's disease |
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Definition
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Term
avoidantly attached children |
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Definition
received too much attention |
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Term
avoidantly attached children |
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Definition
received too much attention |
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Term
anxiously attached children |
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Definition
too little attention was given |
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Term
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Definition
individuals are assessed on variables that are shared w/ others |
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Term
In which of Super's phases is an individual likely to leave a job |
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Definition
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Term
Personality Research Form measures: |
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Definition
harm avoidance, play, achievements |
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Term
What theory believes we are "socially embedded" |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Dreams, fantasy, role play, top dog/underdog, and hot seat interventions are assoc w/ |
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Definition
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Term
Multimodal therapy is assoc w/ |
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Definition
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Term
7 stages of solution-focused therapy |
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Definition
identifying, establish goals, intervention, tasks, positive new behaviors, stabilization, termination |
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Term
________ believe in Man's power of reasoning to control behavior |
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Definition
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Term
___________ don't believe in Id, Ego, Superego |
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Definition
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Term
Freud: ego is dependent on ______ |
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Definition
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Term
believed in the power and control of ego |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
cognitive structure that grows w/ life experience |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
attachment and Rhesus monkeys assoc w/ |
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Definition
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Term
_________ is forerunner of behaviorism |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
symbolic schema assoc w/ which of Piaget's steps |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
concept that suggests that when a young child witnesses his parents having sexual intercourse or is seduced by the parent, real or imagined, is said to provide impetus for later neurosis |
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Term
maternal deprivation assoc w/ |
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Definition
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Term
_____ believes we are naturally aggressive |
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Definition
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Marital satisfaction ________ with parenthood and is _________ when children leave home |
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Definition
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maturitionists (allow/ don't allow) history in the session |
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Piaget is a structuralist who believes stage changes are (quantitative/qualitative)? |
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Definition
the dominant culture or the culture that is accepted by the majority of citizens |
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Freud was influential in _______ Psychology |
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Eric Berne is the father of __________ |
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Emile Durkheim is one of the founders of __________ |
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Hormic Psychology (from Darwin) is assoc w/ |
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Midlife crisis
Seasons of a Mans Life
assoc w/ |
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Interpersonal attraction- |
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Definition
close proximity, physical attraction, similar beliefs |
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Frustration leads to aggression theory assoc w/ |
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Definition
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"when individuals lose identity (deindividuation) they are likely to become aggressive" assoc w/ |
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Definition
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Definition
people want to reduce inconsistent actions and beliefs |
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cognitive dissonance assoc w/ |
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Definition
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Definition
changes from within the individual |
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Definition
client can change best by changing factors in the environment |
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Transactional Analysis ego states |
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Definition
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Adler believed that _____ interaction was even more important that parent child interaction |
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1st to discuss use of group |
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stresses healthy lifestyle or coping strategies |
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Definition
problem present not severe though |
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Definition
deals w/ individual differences that are more serious or withstanding |
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Career approach that emphasizes the job satisfying an unconscious need |
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Definition
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Term
In the WAIS math (is/is not) part of the verbal scale |
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Definition
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Term
In type I error you (accept/reject) null hypothesis |
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Definition
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Term
In type II error you (accept/reject) null hypothesis |
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Definition
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Most important attribute according to Rogers |
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Definition
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Term
Panic disorder's age of typical onset is |
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Definition
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Term
mirroring and pacing is involved in |
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Definition
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Term
______ is the most addictive substance |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
_% of Mental retardation is due to a single organic factor to cause it |
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Definition
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Term
What freudian character (oral, anal, phallic, genital) is considered frugal and reliable |
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Definition
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Definition
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# of stages in Super's theory |
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Definition
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Term
Convergent and Divergent thinking assoc w/ |
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Definition
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Definition
interpreting results in simplest way |
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Term
hypothesis testing pioneered by |
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a _____ would be used with a correlational coefficient |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
flat distribution (unlike normal distribution) |
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Definition
Taller distribution (unlike normal distribution) |
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Definition
if subjects know they are part of an experiment, their performance improves |
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Definition
experimenter's beliefs about the individual may cause the individual to be treated in a special way and thus perform better |
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Term
Conjoint family therapy assoc w/ |
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Definition
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Term
Carl Whitaker (would/would not) use a cotherapist |
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Definition
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Term
Michael White, Cheryl White, & David Epston are assoc w/ what family therapy |
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Definition
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Term
Self-concept is emphasized by which career theorist |
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Definition
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Term
____ believes parent-child interaction influences career decisions |
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Definition
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Term
___ & ____ believed that career development occurred as part of cognitive development as one resolved ego-relevant crises |
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Definition
Tiedman and Miller-Tiedman |
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Term
Divorce rate for teens is ____time worse than normal adults |
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Definition
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Term
Research has found a relationship between infection during pregnancy and _______ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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child guidance centers established by |
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Definition
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_____ is the most basic and important defense mechanism |
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Definition
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Term
adaptive reaction and stress assoc w/ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
odd, eccentric-paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal |
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Term
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Definition
dramatic & emotional-antisocial, borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic |
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Term
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Definition
anxious & fearful-avoidant, dependent, OCPD |
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Term
*choices & responsibility *meaning in life *striving for success, completion *all behavior has a purpose
was stressed by |
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Definition
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Term
responsibility and awareness emphasized by |
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Definition
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Definition
exists when you do not feel connected to others or we feel our lives have no purpose |
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Definition
group meetings in business (future of group work) |
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Term
(positive/negative) reinforcement increases rate of response |
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Definition
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Term
What group is at highest risk for suicide |
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Definition
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Definition
internal non-dichotomous reliability |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
means that each stage of development proceeds our of prior stage |
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Term
Threats to internal validity are |
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Definition
history, maturation, statistical regression, subject attrition |
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Term
Quickie standard deviation |
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Definition
take range and divide by 6 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
not able to enjoy normally enjoyable behaviors/activities |
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Definition
diminished thinking ability |
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Term
stress inoculation assoc w/ |
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Definition
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Term
TA therapists will bring ____ techniques into session |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
works w/ group as a whole |
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Definition
works w/ individuals w/i group (interpersonal) |
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Object relations is the study of |
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Definition
individuals and their basic motives |
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Definition
children seperating internal world into good and bad aspects (all-or-nothing) |
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Definition
process of relating a physical stimulus w/ a previous experience |
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Term
human mandala, family life fact chronology, anchoring assoc/ w/ |
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Definition
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____ enters the family system, but maintains a neutral stance |
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Definition
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Term
symptoms maintain the system
and prescribing the symptom
employed by |
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Definition
Jay Haley and Cloe Madanes |
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Term
emotional fusion triangulation differentiation of self genograms emphasized by |
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Definition
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Definition
benefits white's receive w/o their awareness |
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Term
gender role socialization becomes our |
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Definition
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Term
an immediate goal for many clients might be |
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Definition
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Definition
extension of the anova that controls the impact that one or more extraneous/unstudied variables exert on the dependent variables |
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Definition
two or more mean scores differ significantly |
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Definition
an anova w/ two or more dependent variables |
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Term
factorial analysis of variance |
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Definition
two or more independent variables |
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Term
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Definition
assess whether an obtained distribution is significantly different than an expected or theoretical distribution |
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Term
________ has the most impact upon counseling success |
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Definition
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Term
a(n) _____ approach to consultation is best due to no strong theory or model |
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Definition
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Term
Piaget's stage of egocentricism |
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Definition
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Term
Insight is not an issue in |
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Definition
behavioral and reality approaches |
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Term
William Perry's nine stages (basic jist) |
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Definition
dualism, multiplicity, relativism, commitment |
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
adjustment problems in adolescence |
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"asymmetry of roles" and "identity tension line" refer to |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
psychological and biological(survival) |
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Term
TWA-three variables that can be used to predict the success of the worker |
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Definition
skills, aptitudes, personality structure |
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Term
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Definition
positive messages and best as unconditional |
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Definition
express disapproval and dislike and include criticisms and prohibitions |
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