Term
|
Definition
stages of child development:
sensorimotor, preoperations, concrete operations, and formal operations
Piaget said these were the same for kids in all cultures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ed Neukrug - shares with Perry the idea that college age kids think in terms of good/bad, but then as they age, begin judging in a more relativistic way beased on the situation. |
|
|
Term
Freud's stages of psychosexual development
|
|
Definition
| oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital |
|
|
Term
Erickson's stages of psychosocial development
|
|
Definition
trust vs mistrust (infant)
Autonomy vs shame (toddler)
Initiative v guilt (preschool)
Industry v inferiority (school age)
Indentity v role confusion (adolescent)
Intimacy v isolation (young adult)
Generativity v stagnation (middle-age)
Integrity v despair (older adult) |
|
|
Term
Which of the following theorists postulated that a person's successful vocational development was dependent on completing the tasks of one stage before moving on to the next?
a. Maslow
b. Piaget
c. Erikson
d. Havinghurst |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is associated with punishment?
a. token economies
b. extinction therapy
c. assertiveness training
d. aversion therapy |
|
Definition
b. the sense of unexpectedness
|
|
|
Term
Which of the following most clearly differentiates a situational crisis from a developmental crisis?
a. the expected
b. the sense of unexpectedness
c. the cognitive key
d. a precipitating event |
|
Definition
| b. the sense of unexpectedness |
|
|
Term
In an existential realm, therapy has as its central issue
a. resistance
b. experiencing feelings
c. transference
d. freedom and responsibility
|
|
Definition
d. freedom and responsibility
|
|
|
Term
Johari's window (actually named after its originator Joe Luft and Harry Ingham) was developed to described the internal tension undergone by clients as they experienced and developed an awareness of interpersonal and/or intergroup relationships. In which quadrant would the most comfortable self-revelation occur?
a. blind to self and known to others
b. blind to self and unknown to others
c. known to self and known to others
d. known to self and not known to others |
|
Definition
c. known to self and known to others
|
|
|
Term
An administrator of a community mental health clinic is having difficulty managing the caseworker staff. A number of miscommunications have occurred which have resulted in policy and procedural violations. The administrator has attempted to address these problems but recognizes his limitations. He hires a consultant to help him develop better management skills. According to Schein, this situation would call for a _________________ model of consultation.
a. contractual
b. service agreement
c. purchase of service
d. purchase of expertise |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The stages of becoming a multiculturally sensitive therapist involve all of the following EXCEPT:
a. unawareness of cultural issues
b. heightened awareness of culture
c. movement away from cultural sensitivity
d. burden of considering culture
|
|
Definition
c. movement away from cultural sensitivity
|
|
|
Term
You have organized an REBT group that will meet weekly. This is your first experience with an REBT group and you review the role of the leader, the role of homework, etc. You also review the ethical and legal standards laid out in the profession. Defending oneself against lawsuits involves many actions. Of the following, which is probably the best defense against lawsuits of all kinds?
a. following standards of practice
b. putting the counselee's needs ahead of the counselor's
c. allowing the counselee to approve all action
d. air-tight contracts |
|
Definition
| a. following standards of practice |
|
|
Term
Mary hasn't been able to get cocaine for several weeks because she's out of money and so she hasn't "used" in the past month. She went through withdrawal symptoms when she was unable to take her usual dose. She craves the drug all the time and is constantly searching for ways to get some. Her efforts to obtain cocaine have seriously interfered with her ability to work and take care of her children. Which of the following DSM-IV diagnoses would best fit her symptoms?
a. substance use
b. substance dependence
c. substance abuse
d. substance addiction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Communication theorists describe the clarity of communication transmission and reception as what?
a. analogic
b. pragmatics
c. syntax
d. semantics |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Martha has found career counseling to be personally fulfilling yet she still finds, even after eight years in the profession, that she has trouble separating herself from emotional involvement with her clients. Martha is following Super's theory of career development and is, therefore, not surprised to learn that one of her clients whom she has believed to be in the "Establishment" stage has
a. been promoted to a management position
b. sought preretirement counseling
c. changed jobs
d. quit work (altogether) |
|
Definition
a. been promoted to a management position
|
|
|
Term
According to Caplan, the most common reason for a request for consultation is
a. institutional interference
b. implementation processing
c. identification synthesis
d. loss of objectivity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Tom participated in a standardized reading test. He scored in the middle of the third stanine in a normal distribution. All of the following are incorrect EXCEPT:
a. his score was the median for the group who participated in the test
b. His t-score is 40
c. His score fell at +2 Standard Deviation
d. His score feel at a z-score of -3 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A company has been complaining about costs and wants to increase the number of burgers its employees can wrap in an hour. You've already tested employees to death and don't really want to add another test because it also takes a bite out of your budget as well. The boss insists you add another assessment instrument to up the number of burgers wrapped per hour, so you start the test-review process first looking at:
a. Relational correlation studies
b. Special population needs
c. Face validity
d. Standard Z-scores |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
After giving all your patients a mental status exam that you designed, you assign them a DSM-4 diagnosis based on its outcome. Later, when you have seen the patients for a number of sessions and run them through a series of assessments, you find that your initial diagnosis based on your mental status exam and your final diagnosis have a high positive correlation. This might indicate that the mental status exam that you designed has:
Low reliability
High validity and high reliability
Low validity and low reliability
High validity |
|
Definition
high validity and high reliability
|
|
|
Term
Who first stressed occupational choice as part of the developmental process?
Gelatt
Ginzberg
Bandura
Williamson |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Of these different types of work ethics, which would be concerned with personal growth, love of work, and a lifestyle that is balanced with leisure?
Self-development work ethic
Protestant work ethic
Other-directed work ethic
Professional work ethic |
|
Definition
| self-development work ethic |
|
|
Term
If you wanted to evaluate whether a person seems satisfied with his or her particular area of work, then one thing you might want to look at would be:
How much training is needed
How union-friendly it is
How long he or she has been at it
All of these are correct |
|
Definition
How long he or she has been at it
|
|
|
Term
A researcher with a subject in an experiment who acquires a behavioral change through partial reinforcement, might find that this behavioral change was:
As susceptible to extinction as other behaviors
More resistant to extinction
Less resistant to extinction
Immutable |
|
Definition
| More resistant to extinction |
|
|
Term
The idea that laws can be altered based on the changing needs of society is, according to Kohlberg, a trait of this stage of moral development:
Relativistic
Post-conventional
Situational
Multi-conventional |
|
Definition
|
|
