Feeding

Oral Motor Development

Prior to 33 weeks gestation, how is an infant fed?

Feeding

Oral Motor Development

35 wks and after...

Feeding

Oral Motor Development

40 weeks of gestation:

gag and cough reflex are present for up to four months

this protects the airway and decreases chances of aspiration

Feeding

Oral Motor Development

4-5 months

Feeding

Oral Motor Development

6 months

Feeding

Oral Motor Development

7-8 months

Feeding

Oral Motor Development

9 months

lateral jaw movements make mastication of soft and mashed food effective

able to drink from a cup; however, jaw is not firm

Feeding

Oral Motor Development

12 months

jaw is firm

rotary chewing allows for good bite on hard cookie

Feeding

Oral Motor Development

24 months

Eating and Feeding Performance

and Concurrent changes in Performance Components (sensorimotor, cognition, psychosocial)

5-7 months

- takes cereal or poured baby food from spoon

-good head stability and emerging sitting ability; reaches and grasps tos; explores and tolerates various textures; puts objects in mouth

- attends to effect produced by actions

- plays with caregiver during meals and engages in interactive routines

Eating and Feeding Performance

and Concurrent changes in Performance Components (sensorimotor, cognition, psychosocial)

6-8 months

- attempts to hold bottle, but may not retrieve if falls

-object performance emerging and anticipates spoon or bottle

- easily distracted by stimuli in environment

Eating and Feeding Performance

and Concurrent changes in Performance Components (sensorimotor, cognition, psychosocial)

6-9 months

- holds and tries to eat cracker but sucks on it more than bites it; consumes soft food that dissolves; grabs at spoon but bangs on table or sucks on either end

- good sitting stability emerging; able to use hands to manipulat; guided reach and plamer grasp applied to hand to mouth actions

- uses familiar actions with haphazard variations; seeks novelty and is anxious to explore objects

- recognizes strangers; emerging sense of self

Eating and Feeding Performance

and Concurrent changes in Performance Components (sensorimotor, cognition, psychosocial)

9-13 months

- finger feeds self soft table foods

- uses various grasps on objcts of diff sizes

- able to isolate radial fingers on smaller objects

- increased organization and sequencing of schenes to do desired activity; difficulty attending to events outside visual space

- prefers to act on objects rather than be passive observer

Eating and Feeding Performance

and Concurrent changes in Performance Components (sensorimotor, cognition, psychosocial)

12-14 months

- dips SPOON in food; brings spoonful of food to mouth but spills due to inverting spoon prior

- begins to place and release obects; likely to use pronated grasp on objects like crayon or spoon

- recognizes thata objects have function and uses tools appropriately; relates objects together

- has interest in watching family routines

Eating and Feeding Performance

and Concurrent changes in Performance Components (sensorimotor, cognition, psychosocial)

15-18 months

- scoops food with spoon and brings it to mouth

- shoulder and wrist stability demo precise movements

- experiments to learn rules of how objects work

- internalizes standards imposed by others for how to play with objects

Eating and Feeding Performance

and Concurrent changes in Performance Components (sensorimotor, cognition, psychosocial)

24-30 months

- demonstrates interest in using FORK; proficient at SPOON use eating cereal with milk or rice with gravy

- tolerates various food textures in mouth

- expresses wants verbally; demo imitation of short sequence of occupation

- increasing desire to copy peers; interested in household routines

Dressing

1 yr

- cooperates with dressing (holds out arms and ft)

-pulls off shoes, removes socks

-pushes arms through sleeves and legs through pants

Dressing

2 yrs

- removes unfastened coat

- removes shoes if laces are untied

- helps pull down pants

- finds armholes in pullover shirt

Dressing

2.5 yrs

- removes pull-down pants with elastic waist

- A in pulling on socks

- puts on front-button coat or shirt

- unbuttons large buttons

Dressing

3 yrs

- puts on pullover shirt with Min A

- puts on shoes w/out fasteners (may be on wrong foot)

- puts on socks (may be with heel on top)

- ind pulls down pants

- zips and unzips jacket once on track

- needs A to remove pullover shirt

- buttons large front buttons

Dressing

3.5 yrs

- finds front of clothing

- snaps or hooks front fastener

- unzips front zipper on jacket, separating zipper

- puts on mittens

- buttons series of three or four buttons

- unbuckles shoe or belt

- dresses w/ supv (needs A with front and back)

Dressing

4 yrs

- removes pullover garment ind.

- buckles shoes or belt

-zips jacket zipper

- puts on socks correctly

- puts on shoes with A in tying laces

- laces shoes

- consistently id the front and back of garment

Dressing

4.5 yrs

Dressing

5 yrs

- ties and unties knots

- dresses unsupervised

Dressing

6 yrs

- closes back zipper

- ties bows

- buttons back buttons

- snaps back snaps

Toileting

1 yr

- indicates discomfort when wet or soiled

- has regular bowel mvmts

Toileting

1.5 yrs

Toileting

2 yrs

Toileting

2.5 yrs

- achieves regulated toileting w/ occassional daytime accidents

- rarely has bowel accidents

- tells someone that he or she needs to go to RR

- may need reminders to go to RR

- may need help with getting on the toilet

Toileting

3 yrs

- goes to RR ind; seats self on toilet

- may need help with wiping

- may need help with fasteners or diff clothing

Toileting

4-5 yrs

Home Management

13 months

- imitates housework

Home Management

2 yrs

- picks up and puts toys away with parental reminders

- copies parents' domestic activities

Home Management

3 yrs

- carries things w/out dropping

-dusts with help

-dries dishes with help

- gardens with help

- puts toys away with reminders

- wipes up spills

Home Management

4 yrs

- fixes dry cereal and snacks

- helps with sorting laundry

Home Management

5 yrs

- puts toys away neatly

- makes a sandwich

- takes out trash

- makes bed

- puts dirty clothes in hamper

- answers telephone correctly

Home Management

6 yrs

- does simple errands

- does household chores w/out redoing

- cleans sink

- washes dishes w/help

-crosses street safely

Home Management

7-9 yrs

- begins to cook simple meals

- puts clean clothes away

- hangs up clothes

- manages small amts of $

- uses telephone correctly

Home Management

10-12 yrs

- cooks simple meals with supv

- does simple repairs with approp tools

- begins doing laundry

- sets table

- washes dishes

- cares for pet with reminders

Home Management

13-14 yrs

- does laundry

- cooks meals