Term
Proportional Representation
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Definition
| A concept in voting systems used to elect an assembly or council. PR means that the number of seats won by a party or group of candidates is proportionate to the number of votes received. For example, under a PR voting system, if 30% of voters support a particular party then roughly 30% of seats will be won by that party. |
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Term
Gleichschaltung (“Coordination”; i.e., the process by which social and
political insitutions were realigned to conform with National Socialist principles) |
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Definition
| is a Nazi term for the process by which the Nazi regime successively established a system of totalitarian control and tight coordination over all aspects of society. The historian Richard J. Evans translated the term as "forcible-coordination" in his most recent work on Nazi Germany. |
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Term
Volksgemeinschaft (“The Racial Community”)
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Definition
A German-language expression meaning "people's community".[1] Originally appearing during World War I as Germans rallied behind the war, it derived its popularity as a means to break down elitism and class divides.
It was most famously used by the National Socialist German Workers' Party (Nazi Party) to justify actions against Jews, profiteers, Marxists, and the Allies of World War I, whom the Nazis accused of obstructing German national regeneration that resulted in national disintegration in 1918 that they claimed caused Germany's defeat in World War I.[2]
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Term
“Working Towards the Führer”
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Definition
| Initially a speech given by Wilikens that encouraged state officials to work to create and execute initiatives that reflect Hitler's ideals and wishes. By personalizing Hitler the Nazi regime was able to persuade Germans to do work for the Fuhrer without Hitler "dictating" exactly what he wanted. Essentially working towards what Hitler wants in all possible ways. This resulted in a high level of governmental and administrative disorder. |
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Term
Rassenschande (“Race Mixing” or “Race Defiling”)
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Definition
| A violation under the Nuremburg Laws of 1935 that forbid marriage, sex, and 'acts of analogous cohabitation' between Jews and non-Jews. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Sequestering off of Jewish goods and property such as homes and sold-off to non-Jews for a bargain. |
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Term
Lebensraum (“Living Space”) |
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Definition
| An idea by Hitler to crate this 'living space' the east and create a strong race community. |
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Term
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Definition
| Wide range of people: criminals, tramps, homeless, beggars, unemployed, prostitutes and pimps, alcoholics, drug addicts and homosexuals. They were sterilized |
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Term
Reichstag (National Parliament)
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Definition
| The building that caught fire on 27 February 1933, under circumstances still not entirely known (see Reichstag fire). This gave a pretext for the Nazis to suspend most rights provided for by the 1919 Weimar Constitution in the Reichstag Fire Decree in an effort to weed out communists and increase state security throughout Germany. |
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Term
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Definition
| Storm section. Independent but closely run by people of Hitler's choosing. Became eager for power and eventually were superseded by the SS. |
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Term
Gestapo (Geheime Staatspolizei)
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Definition
| abbreviation of Geheime Staatspolizei, "Secret State Police") was the official secret police of Nazi Germany and German-occupied Europe. Beginning on 20 April 1934, it was under the administration of SS national leader, Heinrich Himmler who in 1936 was appointed Chief of German Police (Chef der Deutschen Polizei) by Hitler |
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Term
RSHA (Reichssicherheitshauptamt), or “Reich Security Main Office,” est. 27 September 1939)
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Definition
an organization subordinate to Heinrich Himmler in his dual capacities as Chef der Deutschen Polizei (Chief of German Police) and Reichsführer-SS. The organization's stated duty was to fight all "enemies of the Reich" inside and outside the borders of Nazi Germany.
On September 27 1939, through a series of mergers of the SS intelligence service the SD Security Service, and the SiPo or Security Police which were nominally under the Interior Ministry. The SiPo was composed of the Gestapo, Secret State Police and the Kripo, Criminal Police. |
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Term
Ministry for Popular Enlightenment and Propaganda (Reichsministerium für Volksaufklärung und Propoganda, or RMVP)
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Definition
was Nazi Germany's ministry that enforced Nazi Party ideology in Germany and regulated its culture and society.
Goebbels first response - to take over the radio. These departments corresponded with and coordinated media. |
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Term
Hitler Youth (Hitlerjugend, or HJ)
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Definition
a paramilitary organization of the Nazi Party 1922 to 1945. It was made up of the Hitlerjugend proper, for male youth ages 14–18; the younger boys' section
Hitler Youth used propaganda to teach its members about national socialism and benefits of it. By 1940 it was mandatory. Most members of the Hitler Youth were later moved up to be Nazi soldiers or members of the SS or Gestapo. |
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Term
League of German Maidens (Bund Deutscher Mädel, or BDM)
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Definition
| was the girl's wing of the overall Nazi party youth movement, the Hitler Youth. It was the only female youth organization in Nazi Germany. |
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Term
| German Labor Front (Deutsche Arbeitsfront, or DAF) |
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Definition
| was the National Socialist trade union organization which replaced the various trade unions of the Weimar Republic after Adolf Hitler's rise to power. |
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Term
Reich Labor Service (Reichsarbeitsdienst, or RAD) |
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Definition
| as an institution established by Nazi Germany as an agency to reduce unemployment, similar to the relief programs in other countries. During the Second World War it was an auxiliary formation which provided support for the Wehrmacht. |
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Term
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Definition
a large state-controlled leisure organization in Nazi Germany. It was a part of the German Labour Front (Deutsche Arbeitsfront, DAF), the national German labour organization at that time. Set up as a tool to promote the advantages of National Socialism to the people.
Could save up coupons to buy a car or recieve prizes if you were working in industrial labor.
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Term
Winter Relief Agency (Winterhilfswerk)
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Definition
| Welfare relief for those of the "racial community." Including emergency relief for homeless, "Stew Sundays," and collecting donations to provide relief to suffering "racial comrades." |
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Term
National Socialist Womanhood (NS-Frauenschaft, or NSF)
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Definition
| the women's wing of the Nazi Party. It was founded in October 1931 as a fusion of several nationalist and National Socialist women's associations. |
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Term
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Definition
| Named after the building's address "Tiergartenstraße 4" Nazi Germany's "Euthanasia programme" during which physicians killed thousands of people who were "judged incurably sick, by critical medical examination". The programme officially ran from September 1939 to August 1941, but it continued unofficially until the end of the Nazi regime in 1945. |
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Term
Reich Central Office for Combating Homosexuality and Abortion |
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Definition
| Division of the Gestapo dedicated to "deal" with homosexuals. |
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Term
§175 of the Criminal Code |
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Definition
| Existed before Nazi Germany but alterations in June 28, 1935 provided a legal basis for extending Nazi persecution of homosexuals. Ministry officials expanded the category of "criminally indecent activities between men" to include any act that could be construed as homosexual |
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Term
Paul von Hindenburg, President of Germany, 1925-1934
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Definition
| a Prussian-German field marshal, statesman, and politician, and served as the second President of Germany from 1925 to 1934. Commonly remembered as the man who as German President appointed Nazi leader Adolf Hitler as Chancellor of Germany |
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Term
| Hermann Göring, Minister-President of Prussia, Commander of the Luftwaffe, Plenipotentiary for the Four-Year-Plan |
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Definition
Goring
a German politician, military leader, and leading member of the Nazi Party. founded the Gestapo in 1933
Four-year-plan
a series of economic reforms created by the Nazi Party. The main aim of the Four Year Plan was to prepare Germany for self-sufficiency in four years. The |
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Term
Ernst Röhm, Head of the SA
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Definition
| a co-founder of the Sturmabteilung ("Storm Battalion"; SA),[1] the Nazi Party militia, and later was its commander. In 1934, as part of the Night of the Long Knives, he was executed on Hitler's orders as a potential rival. |
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Term
Heinrich Himmler, Reichsführer-SS and Chief of German Police
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Definition
| was Reichsführer of the Schutzstaffel (SS), a military commander, and a leading member of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) of Nazi Germany. Nazi leader Adolf Hitler later appointed him Commander of the Replacement (Home) Army and General Plenipotentiary for the entire Reich's administration (Generalbevollmächtigter für die Verwaltung). Himmler was one of the most powerful men in Nazi Germany and one of the persons most directly responsible for the Holocaust. |
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Term
Reinhard Heydrich, Chief of Security Police and SD
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Definition
| a high-ranking German Nazi official during World War II, and one of the main architects of the Holocaust. He was SS-Obergruppenführer (General) and General der Polizei, chief of the Reich Main Security Office (including the Gestapo, and Kripo) and Stellvertretender Reichsprotektor (Deputy Reich-Protector) of Bohemia and Moravia. In August 1940 he was appointed and served as President of Interpol (the international law enforcement agency). Heydrich chaired the January 1942 Wannsee Conference, which laid out plans for the final solution to the Jewish Question |
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Term
Joseph Goebbels, Minister of Popular Enlightenment and Propaganda
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Definition
| Taylors Nazi party to interestes and needs of working class people. Became head of the RMVP. |
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Term
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Definition
| Youth organizations that stood against authoritarianism of the Hitler Youth. |
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Term
Gertrud Scholtz-Klink, Head of the NS-Frauenschaft
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Definition
Called upon to mobilize women, who were supposed to be "apolitical" according to the National Socialist ideology. She is demonstration of the treatment of women as she was seen as the most powerful woman in the Third Reich but was intended to portray submissivness, mothers and housewives. Accepted the subordinate role.
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Term
Higher SS and Police Leaders
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Definition
| a title for senior Nazi officials who commanded large units of the SS, of Gestapo and of the regular German police during and prior to World War II. |
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Term
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Definition
| SS paramilitary death squads that were responsible for mass killings, typically by shooting. |
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Term
Magnus Hirschfeld, Director of the Institute for Sexual Studies (Institut für Sexualforschung) |
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Definition
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Term
The Reichstag Fire Decree (28 February 1933)
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Definition
| Stated that the German government could not maintain law and order. Part of the decree was used to replace the government with Nazi order. Suspended all constitutional protection of political, personal and property rights. |
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Term
Enabling Act (23 March 1933)
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Definition
| Ended parliamentary rule and placed legislative power in the hands of the government. Eventually gave Hitler formal approval for his dictatorship. |
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Term
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Definition
| Stated that there was one lawful party: National Socialist German Party. All other parties were illegal and therefore against the Nazi state. No one could undermine Hitler's actions no matter how he ran the country. |
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Term
Law for the Reduction of Unemployment (1 June 1933)
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Definition
| Provided benefits to newlyweds and reduction of debt with Aryan born children. It encouraged women to leave their work (as a requirement) and create an Aryan family. |
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Term
Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring, a.k.a. the “Sterilization Law” (14 July 1933)
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Definition
Enabled the "decontaminationof the racial body by mean of compulsary sterilization" The first move to converting doctors into executioners.
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Term
| Euthanasia Decree (30 September 1939, backdated to 1 September) |
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Definition
| Authorization to kill all incurable patients |
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Term
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Definition
| The boycott of Jewish stores. Considered a success (not really a success since it was planned and loyal customers either still went to the store or stocked up early increasing daily sales) |
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Term
| The Civil Service Law (7 April 1933) |
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Definition
| the law established a racial criterion for continued employment in the civil service, effectively banishing Jews from government and administration |
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Term
The Nürnberg Race Laws (15 September 1935)
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Definition
| deprived German Jews of their rights of citizenship, giving them the status of "subjects" in Hitler's Reich. The laws also made it forbidden for Jews to marry or have sexual relations with Aryans or to employ young Aryan women as household help |
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Term
| “Night of Broken Glass,” or Kristallnacht ( 9-10 November 1938) |
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Definition
| After the shooting of a German solider by a Jew, Hitler ordered an attack that resulted in the death of over 800 Jews, burning of 200 synagogues and 7500 Jewish stores, apartments and houses ransacked, and thousands of Jews placed in conentration camps. |
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Term
“Barbarossa Order” (18 December 1940)
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Definition
| On the 18th December 1940 Hitler issued formal orders to the German armed forces to begin the detailed planning for the invasion of Russia |
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Term
| “Commissar Order” (6 June 1941) |
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Definition
| Order to kill all people that appear "bolshevized" in order barbarossa. |
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