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| the legislators, administrators, and arbitrators in the administrative bureaucracy who control a state at a given time, and to the system of government by which they are organized. |
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| power effectively rests with a small number of people. |
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| government in which all people have an equal say in the decisions that affect their lives. |
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| A state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives |
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| sovereignty is lodged in the assembly of all citizens who choose to participate |
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| Holding to traditional attitudes and values and cautious about change or innovation |
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| a person who favors a political philosophy of progress and reform and the protection of civil liberties |
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| funds restricted to a certain category of interests, such as child-care, or services for the handicapped. |
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| A grant from a central government that a local authority can allocate to a wide range of services |
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| Congress may exercise the powers to which it is granted by the Constitution, and subject to explicit restrictions in the Bill of Rights and other protections found in the Constitutional text. |
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a system in which the national gov shares power with lower levels of gov |
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| necessary and proper clause |
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| The Congress shall have Power - To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof. |
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| compromise between Southern and Northern states reached during the Philadelphia Convention of 1787 in which three-fifths of the population of slaves would be counted for enumeration purposes regarding both the distribution of taxes and the apportionment of the members of the United States House of Representatives |
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| emendation of the draftof the U.S. Constitution proposed during the Continental Congress of 1787. It gave the states equal representation in the Senate and representation to population in the House. It also established the electoral college for electing the U.S. presideng. The great compromise forbade Congress to abolish the slave trade before 1808. |
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| full faith and credit clause |
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| addresses the duties that states within the United States have to respect the "public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state. |
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| a power that may be exercised by the head of state without the approval of another branch of the government. |
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