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NASM Chapter 3
The Cardiorespiratory System
19
Science
Undergraduate 1
01/20/2009

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Term
cardiovascular system
Definition
a system of the body composed of the heart, blood, and blood vessels.
Term
heat
Definition
a hollow muscular organ that pumps a circulation of blood through the body by means of rhytmic contraction.
Term
mediastinum
Definition
the space in the chest between the lungs that contains all the internal organs of te chest, except the lungs.
Term
atrium
Definition
the superior chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into the ventricles.
Term
ventricle
Definition
the inferiior chamber of the heart that receives blood from its corresponding atrium and, in turn, forces blood into the arteries.
Term
blood
Definition
fluid that circulates in the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins, whihc carries nutrients and oxygen to all parts of the body and also rids the body of waste products.
Term
blood vessels
Definition
network of hollow tubes that circulates blood throughout the body.
Term
arteries
Definition
vessesl that carry blood away from the heart.
Term
veins
Definition
vessesl that carry blood from the capillaries toward the heart.
Term
arterioles
Definition
small terminal branches of an artery, which end in capillaries
Term
capillaries
Definition
the smallest blood vessles, which connect venules with arterioles.
Term
venules
Definition
the very small veins that connect capillaries to the larger veins.
Term
respiratory system
Definition
a system of organs (the lungs and respiratoyr passageways) that collects oxygen from the external environment and transports it to the blood stream.
Term
inspiration
Definition
the process of actively contracting inspiratory muscles to move air into the body.
Term
expiration
Definition
the process of actively or passively relaxing inspiratory muscles to move air out of the body.
Term
aerobic
Definition
requires oxygen.
Term
anaerobic
Definition
does not require oxygen.
Term
bioenergetics
Definition
the biology of energy transformations and exchanges within the body, and between it and the environment.
Term
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
Definition
A cellular structure that supplies energy for many biogchemical cellular processes byundergoing enzymatic hydrolysis.
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