Term
| What are the three classifications of amines? (Think alcohols) |
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Definition
Primary, Secondary and Tertiary
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Term
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Definition
One nitrogen bonded to one carbon atom
CH3-NH2 |
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Term
| What is a secondary amine? |
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Definition
A nitrogen atom bonded to two carbon atoms.
CH3-NH-CH3 |
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Term
| What is a tertiary amine? |
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Definition
A nitrogen atom bonded to three carbon atoms.
CH3-N-CH3
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CH3 |
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Term
| What is the name of an amine with no carbon attachments? (NH3) |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the physical atom arrangement of ammonia and amines? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the IUPAC naming for amines? |
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Definition
The e from the alkane parent name of the carbon chain is replaced with -amine
CH4 -> CH3-NH2
Methane->Methanamine |
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Term
| What is the naming convention for secondary and tertiary amines? |
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Definition
Use the prefix N- to name alkyl groups attached to the N atom, listed alphabetically.
CH3-CH2-N-CH3
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CH3
N,N Dimethylethanamine |
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Term
| How do you name an amine with 2 nitrogen functional groups |
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Definition
Diamine
H2N-CH3-CH3-CH3-CH3-NH2
1,4 Butanediamine |
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Term
| Is an amine a higher priority than Alcohol or hydroxyl? |
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Definition
| No, it will be a lower priority naming and a substituent group. |
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Term
| How do you name a molecule where there is an NH2 that is not the higher priority functional group? |
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Definition
The substituent group is named as amno to mark it's location.
CH3-CH-CH2-OH
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NH2
2-Amino-1-propanol |
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Term
| What is the name of an amine group on a benzene? |
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Definition
Aniline
BR-[Benzen ring]-NH2
4-Bromoaniline
p-bromoaniline |
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Term
| Where do amines fall on the boiling point scale? |
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Definition
Higher than alkanes, lower than alcohols
Polar N-H bond allows hydroge bonding, but nitrogen is less electronegative than Oxygen. |
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Term
| How soluble are amines in water? |
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Definition
| Smaller amines are due to hydrogen bonding, however more than 6 is a much lower chance. |
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Term
| What do you create when you add ammonia to water? (Ionization of NH3 + H2O) |
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Definition
Ammonium ion and a hydroxide ion
NH4+ + OH- |
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Term
| What do you get when an amine + water? |
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Definition
Ammonium Ion
(Aklyl ammonium ion and a hydroxide ion) |
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Term
| How do you name the result of an anime that accepts an ion from water? |
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Definition
The suffix -amine is replaced with -ammonium ion
CH3-NH2 + H2O -> CH3-NH3+ + OH-
Methylamine -> Methylammonium ion |
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Term
| How do you name a secondary amine that accepts a proton from water? |
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Definition
Dimethylammonium ion
CH3-NH-CH3 + H2O -> CH3-N+H2-CH3 + OH- |
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Term
| Describe basicity of amines. |
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Definition
| K values for amines are less than 10-3 at 25 celcius. Equilibrium favores amine molecules. Solutions of amines have basic pH values and turn a red litmus paper blue. |
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Term
| What is the product of a neutralization reaction of amines? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the reaction to form an amine salt? |
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Definition
The lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen accepts a proton from an acid to make an amine salt. (No water is formed.)
CH3-NH2 + HCL -> CH3-NH3+-CL-
Methylamine -> Methylammonium chloride |
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Term
| What do you call a nitrogen atom attached to 4 carbon groups? |
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Definition
Quaternary ammonium ion
The nitrogen has a positive charge and is an amine salt.)
CH3
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CH2-N-CH3CL-
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CH3
Tetramethylammonium Chloride |
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Term
| How do you name an amine salt? |
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Definition
| Replace the -amine part of the name with -ammonium followed by the name of the negative ion. |
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Term
| What are the ionic properties of amine salts? |
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Definition
| Amine salts are ionic with strong attractions between positively charged ammonium ion and an anion, usually chloride) |
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Term
| What happens when an amine salt reacts with a strong base? (NaOH) |
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Definition
It is converted back to the amine, now called a free amine or free base.
CH3-NH3+CL- + NaOH - CH3-NH2 + NaCl + H2O
Methylammonium chloride -> Methylamine |
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