A single set of chromosomes

a. haploid        b. diploid       c. tetraploid

Found during prophase I

a. haploid        b. diploid       c. tetraploid

paired chromosomes

a. haploid        b. diploid       c. tetraploid

92 chromosomes

a. haploid        b. diploid       c. tetraploid

23 chromosomes

a. haploid        b. diploid       c. tetraploid

46 chromosomes

a. haploid        b. diploid       c. tetraploid

both genes the same expression

a. heterozygous   b. homozygous   c. dominant    d. recessive   e. phenotype   f. genotype

physical makeup

a. heterozygous   b. homozygous   c. dominant    d. recessive   e. phenotype   f. genotype

Tt

a. heterozygous   b. homozygous   c. dominant    d. recessive   e. phenotype   f. genotype

the nature of a trait seen 75% of the time in a population

a. heterozygous   b. homozygous   c. dominant    d. recessive   e. phenotype   f. genotype

TT or tt

a. heterozygous   b. homozygous   c. dominant    d. recessive   e. phenotype   f. genotype

a trait represented by two recessive alleles

a. heterozygous   b. homozygous   c. dominant    d. recessive   e. phenotype   f. genotype

a trait that appears the least often in a population

a. heterozygous   b. homozygous   c. dominant    d. recessive   e. phenotype   f. genotype

both types of genes present

a. heterozygous   b. homozygous   c. dominant    d. recessive   e. phenotype   f. genotype

  a cross involving two traits on the same pair of chromosomes at the same time

a. monohybrid cross  b. dihybrid cross  c. trihybrid cross  d. sex-linked cross

cross in which a gene is linked to the X chromosome

a. monohybrid cross  b. dihybrid cross  c. trihybrid cross  d. sex-linked cross

a cross involving but a single trait

a. monohybrid cross  b. dihybrid cross  c. trihybrid cross  d. sex-linked cross

a cross involving three traits on different chromosomes at the same time

a. monohybrid cross  b. dihybrid cross  c. trihybrid cross  d. sex-linked cross

must show or use the chromosomes, XX or XY

a. monohybrid cross  b. dihybrid cross  c. trihybrid cross  d. sex-linked cross

20.    Cross two heterozygous tall pea plants and give the expected genotypes and

phenotypes.

Genotypes:  25% - TT, 50%Tt. 25% tt

                 Phenotypes: 75% tall, 25% short

20.    Baldness in humans is a condition that is sex-linked.  Cross a carrier female

with a bald male and give the expected genotypes and phenotypes.

20.    With the same trait in question #21, cross a homozygous dominant female

with a bald male and give the genotypes and phenotypes.

50% carrier females, 50% normal hair males

20.    In four o’clock flowers, red is incompletely dominant to white with

pink being the heterozygous phenotype.  Give the genotypic and phenotypic

ratios in a cross between two pink-flowered plants.

Genotype:  25% RR, 50% Rr, 25% rr

               Phenotype:  25% red, 50% pink, 25% white

20.    In cattle, red is incompletely dominant to white with both red hairs and white

hairs expressed at the same time in the heterozygous individual.  This is an

incomplete dominance pattern of inheritance.  Cross a roan bull with a white

cow and give the expected genotypes and phenotypes.

Genotype:  50% RW, 50% WW

                Phenotype:  50% roan, 50% white

20.    In pea plants, the gene for tall (T) is dominant to the gene for short (t).  The

gene for smooth seeds (S) is dominant to the gene for wrinkled seeds (s).

What are the expected genotypes and phenotypes for a cross between two

pea plants heterozygous for both traits?

Genotypes:  not needed

               Phenotypes:  9/16 tall smooth, 3/16 tall wrinkled, 3/16 short smooth, and

                                    1/16 short wrinkled

a male

a.  circle       b. shaded    c. unshaded    d. square 

recessive

a.  circle       b. shaded    c. unshaded    d. square 

dominant

a.  circle       b. shaded    c. unshaded    d. square 

a female

a.  circle       b. shaded    c. unshaded    d. square 

shaded symbols are far less in this pattern of inheritance

a. autosomal dominant  b. autosomal recessive   c. incomplete dominance  d. sex-linked

only in males show this pattern inheritance

a. autosomal dominant  b. autosomal recessive   c. incomplete dominance  d. sex-linked

shaded symbols appear the most in this pattern of inheritance

a. autosomal dominant  b. autosomal recessive   c. incomplete dominance  d. sex-linked

heterozygotes may be shaded half white/half dark in this pattern of inheritance

a. autosomal dominant  b. autosomal recessive   c. incomplete dominance  d. sex-linked

caused by 3 #21 chromosomes with mental retardation, slanted eyes and loss of muscle tone and coordination

a. pleiotropism   b. polygenic inheritance   c. Klinefelter’s  d. Down’s Syndrome e. nondisjunction

group of genes work to express trait

a. pleiotropism   b. polygenic inheritance   c. Klinefelter’s  d. Down’s Syndrome e. nondisjunction

as in sickle-cell anemia, the heterozygotus condition confers a selective advantage in the environment

a. pleiotropism   b. polygenic inheritance   c. Klinefelter’s  d. Down’s Syndrome e. nondisjunction

the cause of Klinefelter's Turner's, Down Syndrome and many other genetic diseases

a. pleiotropism   b. polygenic inheritance   c. Klinefelter’s  d. Down’s Syndrome e. nondisjunction

36.    Using the Hardy-Weinberg Principle, if p2 is .25 and q2 is .25, what percentage

of the population would be 2pq?

In Lamarck’s Theory of Acquired Characteristics, only the fit survive and nature selects the fit.

true of false

in darwins theory of evolution, nature selects against the strongest traits.

true or false

natural selection is the mechanism of evolution and favors dominant traits

true or false

In the case of the peppered moth, the white and black moths had a selective advantage in the population.  t/f

Genetic and nutritional diseases are not contagious

true or false

DNA is the best way to determine the closeness of two groups of animals.

true or false

Genetic and nutritional diseases are not contagious

true or false

strept throat is a viral disease

true or false

Pneumonia is one of the most deadly bacterial diseases

true or false

The body’s first line of defense includes stomach acid, nonpathogenic

intestinal bacteria, oil glands, and the skin

true or false

An antigen is a protein molecule that is formed in response to a foreign

substance entering the body

true or false

An antigen is any substance foreign to an organism that triggers the

proliferation of a specific antibody

true or false

erythrocytes are white blood cells

true or false

Phagocytes, neutrophils, macrophages, and chemicals converted to deadly poisons are all the body’s second line of defense.

true or false

both bacteria cells and human cells have cell walls

true or false

DNA is found in bacteria as both a naked DNA strand and in a plasmid.

true or false

A coccus is a rod-shaped bacterium.

true or false

Viruses are living organisms with cellular structure.

true or false

The most difficult part about a viral infection is that the virus becomes a part of the host cell.

true or false

A viral lysogenic cycle differs from a lytic cycle in that it has an additional step called attachment.

true or false

a phage is a virus that attacks bacteria

true or false

The mode of action of penicillin is to inhibit bacteria from making cell walls by enzyme inhibition.

true or false

Today’s modern antibiotics may interfere with transcription, interfere with translation, interfere with DNA duplication, and interfere with DNA replication.

true or false 

The fact that many antibiotics are no longer effective today could be due to

the Theory of Acquired Characteristics

true or false