Term
| Refer to opthalmologist for: |
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Definition
sudden vision loss
painful vision
trauma
immunocompromised
neonate |
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Term
| If patient has eye complaint: |
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Definition
Always check visual accuity
One eye at time with glasses on.
If any change, refer. |
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Term
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Definition
Inflammation of eyelids.
Anterior- surrounds eyelashes (staph or seborrhea)
Posterior- meibomian gland dysfx (rosacea)
Tx: Was with baby shampoo x3 weeks
Tobramycin 0.3%. |
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Term
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Definition
Common infection in glands of eyelid
S aureus
Sudden onset pain, swelling, redness, purulent discharge
Tx: warm compress (5min 2-4/d)
light massage
abx ointment at bedtime (erythro, bacitracin, sulfacetamide) |
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Term
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Definition
Sterile lip granuliomatous inflammation of meibomian gland sec to acute inflammation.
Can be from unresolved internal stye.
Points to conjunctival side.
Not painful. Pressure on cornea/astig.
I&D freq recommended=refer. |
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Term
| Hyperacute bacterial conjunctivities |
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Definition
Abrupt onset, copious discharge, starts unilat and spreads, ache, swell, tenderness, periauricular lymph,
Neisseria gonorrheoea or N miningitidis.
Thayer-martin/transgrow mediums
Treat promptly to avoid corneal damage or systemic spread. REFER IMMED.
Tx: ceftriazone 1 gm (ceph), Cipro (fluoro). |
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Term
Acute bacterial conjunctivitis
(Pink eye) |
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Definition
Abrupt onset, most common. Mucopurulent discharge, watering, irritation, eyelids stick after sleep, unilat then spreads.
H flu, S pneumo, S aureus
S/s- Hyperemia of papebral conjunctiva, bulbar conjunctival petchia, 7-14 days,
Tx: Treat 5-6 days, Trimethoprim-polymyxin B and flouroquinolone drops QID. H flu: amoxicillin clavulanate
Cool compresses several times daily. |
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Term
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Definition
Abrupt unilateral onset
Major c/o excessive tearing
Itching, red conjun, tender pre-auricular nodes
*CONTAGIOUS when tearing
TX: cool compress, don't give steroids, if corneal opacification, refer out |
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Term
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Definition
Chalmydia-urethra to eyes
sexually active young adults
Mucopurulent discharge/matting of eyelashes
Swollen eyelids
Can develop keratitis (dots/cloudy streaks on cornea)
Dx: conjunctival scraping (giemsa stain)
**Therapy must be systemic
Azithromycin 1 gram single dose (Macrolide)
Doxycycline 100 mg BID. (tetracycline)
Treat sexual partners |
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Term
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Definition
History of allergies
Immunoglobulin E hypersensitivity
TX: oral antihistamines
Albalon
Naphcon A or Vasocon A (1-2 gtt QID x 1-2 d)
Mast cell stabilizer. Alamos
Corticosteroid HMS/FML liquifilm eye gtts |
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Term
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Definition
smoke, smog, dust,
TX: rinse as soon as contaminated
Cool compress 15-20 min sev x daily
Topical vasoconstrictor (Albalon, Naphcon-A or Vasocon-A) |
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Term
| Eye injury- Acid or alkali |
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Definition
Emergency
Irrigate with lots of water and then send to ophthalmologist immediately! |
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Term
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Definition
Acute pain
Foreign body- remove and patch x 24 hours
Topical antiprostaglandin
Fluorescent stain |
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Term
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Definition
contact lenses
May lead to blindness
Ophthal emergency |
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Term
| Management of corneal surface injuries |
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Definition
NO COTTON SWABS
NO PATCH (encourages infection)
NO TOPICAL ANESTHETICS; Corneal melting |
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Term
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Definition
Blurred vision, redness, n/v, elevation in IOP
Usually r/t glaucoma
Refer out! |
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Term
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Definition
Outer layer- oily later
Middle layer- aqueous layer-provides oxygen to cornea (*problem)
Inner- mucous alyer |
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Term
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Definition
Meds make worse (BB, anticholinergics,diuretics)
Artificial tears
(Avoid visine), Gels best, Restates.Can give steroids. |
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