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Mythology1
vocab for midterm 1
57
Other
Undergraduate 1
05/08/2013

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Term
1184 BC
Definition
trojan horse invades Troy
Term
Diversity
Definition
Old wooden ship used in the Civil War era
Term
Aeneid
Definition
Latin epic poem by Virgil. Tells how Aeneas traveled to Italy to become the ancestor of the Romans.
Term
Argus
Definition
Argus Panoptes. Monster with 100 eyes.
Term
Artemis
Definition
Diana. Twin sister of Apollo. Hellenic goddess of the hunt, wild animals, wilderness, childbirth, virginity and protector of young girls, bringing and relieving disease in women.
Term
Chaos
Definition
the dark, silent abyss from which all things came into existence
Term
Clymene
Definition
oceanid. wife of Iapetus, and mother of Atlas, Epimetheus, Prometheus, and Menoetius
Term
cosmogony
Definition
scientific theory concerning the origin of either the universe (cosmos), or the "reality" of conscious beings
Term
Cosmology
Definition
study of the origins and eventual fate of the universe.
Term
Cronus
Definition
Kronos. Saturn. leader and the youngest of the first generation of Titans. Overthrown by his son, Zeus.
Term
Culture Hero
Definition
mythological hero specific to some group who changes the world through invention or discovery.
Term
Cyclopes
Definition
race of giants with a single eye on the forehead
Term
Daphne
Definition
nymph who was turned into a laurel tree to escape Apollo
Term
Deucalion
Definition
son of Prometheus and Clymene. Built a wood box to escape Zeus' flood.
Term
Eos
Definition
Titaness and goddess of the dawn. Rose each morning from her home at Oceanus.
Term
Epaphus
Definition
son of Zeus and Lo. Born from Zeus' touch.
Term
Erebus
Definition
represents the personification of darkness. Born from Chaos, one of the first 5 beings on existence
Term
Eros
Definition
Cupid. Amor. God of love. Son of Aphrodite.
Term
Foundation Myth
Definition
etiological myth that explains the origins of a ritual or the founding of a city.
Term
Gaia
Definition
Ge. Earth goddess. Great mother of ALL: Tians, gods, giants, sea-gods.
Term
Giants
Definition
Sons of Gaia and Uranus. Huge human-like creatures.
Term
Gigantomachy
Definition
struggle between the Olympians and forces of Chaos. Olympians prevail with the help of Heracles, as Hera predicted.
Term
Helius
Definition
Helios. God of the Sun. Drove the chariot of the sun across the sky each day.
Term
Hera
Definition
Juno. Wife and sister of Zeus. Goddess of women and marriage. Daughter of Rhea and Cronus.
Term
Hesiod
Definition
Greek oral poet 750-650BC. Credited with establishing Greek religious customs.
Term
Hieros Gamos
Definition
sexual ritual that plays out a marriage between a god and a goddess. Harmonization of opposites.
Term
Homer
Definition
author of the Illiad and the Odyssey. revered as the greatest of ancient Greek epic poets. ~850BC
Term
Hecatonchires
Definition
Hundred handed ones. Three giants of incredible strength who overthrew the Titans.
Term
Hyperion
Definition
1 of 12 Titans. Brother of Cronus. Lord of the light and Titan of the East.
Term
Iliad
Definition
Epic poem by Homer. During the Trojan War, tells of the quarrels between Agamemnon and Achilles.
Term
lo
Definition
priestess of Hera, nymph seduced by Zeus and turned into a heifer. Sent away and protected by Argus, who was defeated by Hermes and she was set free
Term
Lycaon
Definition
King of Arcadia. Tricked Zeus and was turned into a wolf and activated Deucalion's flood.
Term
Metamorphoses
Definition
Latin narrative poem by Ovid. 15 books and 250 myths.
Term
Mt. Olympus
Definition
Home of the 12 Olympian gods.formed after the gods defeated the Titans in the Titan War
Term
Muses
Definition
Daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne. Known for their song which brings joy to all who hear it. Judged music contest between Apollo and Marsyas.
Term
Oceanids
Definition
three thousand daughters of Oceanus and Tethys. Each was the patroness of a particular spring, river, sea, lake, pond, pasture, flower or cloud.
Term
The Odyssey
Definition
Epic poem written by Homer. Centered around Odysseus and his journey home after the fall of Troy.
Term
Olympians
Definition
12 gods who live on Mt. Olympus.
Term
Pandora
Definition
first human woman. opened a jar releasing all of the evils of humanity.
Term
Phaethon
Definition
son of Apollo and Clymene. Takes Helios' chariot and nearly burns the Earth before Zeus kills him with a thunderbolt.
Term
Prometheus
Definition
Titan who is credited with the creation of man from clay and the theft of fire that allowed for advances in civilization.
Term
Pyrrha
Definition
wife of Deucalion. Only two survivors of Zeus' flood. Repopulated the Earth by throwing rocks over there shoulders.
Term
Python
Definition
Earth dragon of Delphi. Slayed by Apollo, who made his home at Pytho.
Term
Rhea
Definition
Daughter of Uranus and Gaia. Mother of the Olympians.
Term
Selene
Definition
goddess of the moon. Daughter of Hyperion and Theia.
Term
Tartarus
Definition
deep abyss used as a dungeon for the wicked. Part of Hades where souls are judged.
Term
Tethys
Definition
aquatic sea goddess. Mother of rivers.
Term
Themis
Definition
goddess of divine order, law and customs. One of the oracles at Delphi
Term
Theogony
Definition
poem by Hesiod. describing the origins and genealogies of Greek polytheism
Term
Theology
Definition
systematic and rational study of concepts of gods and their influences and of the nature of religious truths
Term
Titanomachy
Definition
War of the Titans. 10 year series of battles between the Titans and the olympians, who won and took Mt Olympus.
Term
Titans
Definition
Desecendants of Gaia and Uranus who ruled the Golden Age. immortal huge beings of incredible strength and stamina
Term
Tithonus
Definition
lover of Eos, Titan of the dawn. Eos asked Zeus to make him immortal but forgot to ask for eternal youth.
Term
Trojan War
Definition
War of Trojans vs Achaeans after Paris of Troy took Helen from Menelaus, king of Sparta. Won by the Greeks with the Trojan horse.
Term
Typhoeus
Definition
Typhaon. Typhon. "Father of all monsters" Huge beast with dragon heads and viper coils and wings. Eventually defeated by Zeus.
Term
Uranus
Definition
God of the sky. Husband of Gaia and father of the Titans.
Term
Virgil
Definition
ancient Roman poet of the Augustan period. Author of the Aeneid.
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