Term
| heroes fight for these two things |
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Definition
timé - honor
kleos - undying glory |
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| Ariadne, daughter of Cretan King Minos helps Theseus kill the minotaur; Theseus abandons her, Dionysus marries her and makes her immortal |
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| a descent into the underworld |
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| Dionysus' divine katabasis |
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Definition
| Dionysus brings his mother, Semele, back from the underworld and she becomes a goddess |
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| The Tripartite View of the Underworld |
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| three sections of the underworld that were divided up by the worth of the people who were in them |
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| the section of the underworld reserved for the exceptional and virtuous |
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| Hades (Tripartite Version) |
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| the part of the underworld reserved for normal people |
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| the section of the underworld reserved for the wicked people |
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| located underground at the end of the world, beyond the river Ocean; ruled by Hades and Persephone; all sorts of people together in a field |
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| his love Eurydice was killed by a viper; Orpheus pursued her soul in the underworld and used his singing to persuade Hades to let her come back with him; Hades agreed made him walk out of the underworld without looking back at her, he looked back, now he likes dudes |
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Definition
| the goal is to purify soul to end the cycle of rebirth and to go to a happy afterlife |
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| Tantalus interaction with the Gods |
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Definition
| allowed to dine with the gods; stole ambrosia, divulged secrets and fed his child to the gods; punished by standing in a pool with fruit above him but unable to eat or drink |
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| Sisyphus' interactions with the Gods |
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Definition
| revealed one of Zeus' affairs; Zeus sent Thantos "Death" to Sisyphus, but he captured Thantos; when he did eventually die, he tricked hades to release his soul; punished by perpetually pushing a boulder up a hill |
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| Ixion's interactions with the Gods |
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Definition
| World's first parracide (pardon by Zeus); tries to make love to Hera; punished by being crucified to a fiery wheel |
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| Tityus' interactions with the Gods |
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| Assaulted Leto, the mother of Apollo and Artemis; punished by being stretched over nine acres and having vultures eat his liver |
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| the rationale for any sacrifice to god or hero; give so you may receive; given a sacrifice so that they might become favorable |
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| Main Elements of Heroic Myths |
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Definition
| rise of hero; misfortune and downfall; mortality of hero; kleos |
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| Descendant of Io (lover of Zeus); son of Danae; grandson of Acrisius, king of Argos; founder of Mycenae |
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| Danae and the 'Girl's Tragedy' Motif (Perseus' Birth) |
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Definition
| Acrisius learns of the prophecy that Danae's son will kill him, so he locks her in a jail; Zeus rains gold to impregnate Danae; Danae births Perseus, Acrisius locks them in a chest and puts them out to sea |
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| Danae attracts the affection of king Polydectes; Perseus offers him anything other than his mom, so he demands a Gorgon's head; with Athena's help, he uses a mirror to decapitate Medusa; returns to kill Polydectes |
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| Zeus slept with Alcmena just before her husband returned, disguised as him; she gave birth to twins: Heracles (Zeus') and Iphicles (husband's); Hera sent snakes to kill baby heracles but he strangled them |
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| sent away after killing his lyre teacher; had his first sexual escapade with the 50 daughters of Thespius; married Megara whom he murdered in a fit of madness sent by Hera |
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| Heracles' way to atone for murdering his wife and family; ridding the world of monsters/distant travel/overcoming death; some examples are: Heracles and the lion (cuts lion with its own claws), teh Geryon (fights guy with 3 bodies and takes his cattle), Cerberus (travels to the underworld to take back Cerberus) |
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| Heracles won an archery contest for the daughter of Eurytus; but he did not want to give her up, so Heracles stole his horses; when Eurytus came to ask about them, Heracles welcomed him into his house as a guest, then threw him off a tower; Heracles was then forced to sell himself into slavery for violating xenia |
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