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words I have difficulty with
434
General Vocab
Graduate
08/07/2009

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Term
apace
Definition
–adverb
with speed; quickly; swiftly.
Term
novitiate
Definition
–noun
a novice.
Term
tyro
Definition
–noun
a beginner in learning anything; novice
Term
bemuse
Definition
–verb
to bewilder or confuse.
Term
arcane
Definition
–adjective
mysterious; obscure; esoteric
Term
recondite
Definition
–adjective
dealing with very profound, difficult, or abstruse subject matter; esoteric; obscure
Term
turbid
Definition
–adjective
clouded; opaque; obscured; muddled
Term
pellucid
Definition
–adjective
translucent; limpid; clear in meaning, expression, or style
Term
canny
Definition
-adj
prudent; astute, shrewd or sagacious; skilled; frugal
Term
aspersion
Definition
–noun
1. a damaging or derogatory remark or criticism; slander: casting aspersions on a campaign rival.
2. the act of slandering; vilification; defamation; calumniation; derogation: Such vehement aspersions cannot be ignored.
Term
decry
Definition
-verb
to speak disparagingly of; denounce as faulty or worthless; express censure of: She decried the lack of support for the arts in this country.
Term
gainsay
Definition
–verb
to deny, dispute; to speak or act against; oppose.
Term
inveigh
Definition
–verb
to protest strongly or attack vehemently with words
Term
obloquy
Definition
–noun
1. censure, blame, or abusive language
2. discredit, disgrace, or bad repute resulting from public blame, abuse, or denunciation.
Term
pillory
Definition
-verb
to expose to public derision, ridicule, or abuse
Term
remonstrate
Definition
–verb
to protest, object, or disapprove.
Term
reprove
Definition
–verb
1. to criticize or correct, esp. gently: to reprove a pupil for making a mistake.
2. to disapprove of strongly; censure: to reprove a bad decision.
Term
iniquity
Definition
–noun
gross injustice or wickedness; a violation of right or duty
Term
dissipated
Definition
–adjective
indulging in or characterized by excessive devotion to pleasure; intemperate; dissolute.
Term
sordid
Definition
–adjective
1. morally ignoble or base; vile
2. meanly selfish, self-seeking, or mercenary.
3. dirty or filthy.
Term
ribald
Definition
–adjective
1. vulgar or indecent in speech, language; coarsely mocking, abusive, or irreverent; scurrilous.
Term
turpitude
Definition
–noun
vile, shameful, or base character/act; depravity.
Term
fealty
Definition
-noun
loyalty, devotion.
Term
probity
Definition
–noun
integrity and uprightness; honesty.
Term
asperity
Definition
-noun
harshness or sharpness of tone, temper, or manner; severity; acrimony
Term
trenchant
Definition
–adjective
incisive or keen; caustic; vigorous; effective; distinct.
Term
encomium
Definition
-noun
a formal expression of high praise; eulogy
Term
baleful
Definition
-adj
full of menacing or malign influences; pernicious.
Term
baneful
Definition
–adjective
destructive; pernicious; deadly; poisonous
Term
pernicious
Definition
-adjective
causing insidious harm or ruin; ruinous; injurious
Term
recreant
Definition
–adjective
cowardly or craven; unfaithful, disloyal, or traitorous.
Term
trepidation
Definition
–noun
tremulous fear, alarm, or agitation; perturbation; trembling or tremor.
Term
obviate
Definition
–verb
to anticipate and prevent by effective measures; render unnecessary
Term
stultify
Definition
-verb
to cause to appear foolish or ridiculous
Term
vitiate
Definition
–verb
to impair quality or effectiveness of; make faulty; spoil; debase or corrupt
Term
espouse
Definition
-verb
to make one's own; adopt or embrace, as a cause
Term
mainstay
Definition
-noun
a person or thing that acts as a chief support or part
Term
stalwart
Definition
–adjective
strongly built; sturdy and robust; brave, valiant; firm, steadfast, or uncompromising
Term
countenance
Definition
–noun
appearance of the face; calm facial expression or composure; encouragement; moral support.
Term
truculent
Definition
–adjective
fierce; cruel or harsh; savagely brutal; vitriolic; scathing
Term
recalcitrant
Definition
-adjective
resisting authority or control; not obedient or compliant; refractory.
Term
refractory
Definition
-adjective
hard or impossible to manage; stubbornly disobedient: a refractory child.
Term
renitent
Definition
–adjective
resisting pressure; resistant; persistently opposing; recalcitrant.
Term
untoward
Definition
-adjective
unfavorable or unfortunate; improper; hard to guide or control; unruly
Term
callow
Definition
–adjective
immature or inexperienced
Term
incipient
Definition
–adjective
beginning to exist or appear; in an initial stage
Term
clement
Definition
-adjective
mild or merciful in disposition or character; lenient; compassionate
Term
unstinting
Definition
-adjective
bestowed liberally; overgenerous
Term
avaricious
Definition
–adjective
characterized by avarice; greedy; covetous.
Term
miserly
Definition
–adjective
penurious; stingy; niggardly.
Term
penurious
Definition
–adjective
extremely stingy, parsimonious, or miserly; extremely poor, destitute, indigent.
Term
venal
Definition
-adjective
open to bribery
Term
compendious
Definition
-adjective
containing the substance of a subject, often an exclusive subject, in a brief form; concise: a compendious history of the world.
Term
periphrastic
Definition
-adjective
circumlocutory; roundabout
Term
turgid
Definition
–adjective
swollen; distended; tumid; overblown or pompous; bombastic
Term
tumid
Definition
–adjective
swollen; pompous or inflated, as language; turgid; bombastic.
Term
peremptory
Definition
–adjective
leaving no opportunity for denial or refusal; assertive and imperative: a peremptory command.
Term
anathema
Definition
-noun
a person or thing accursed to damnation or destruction; loathed or detested person; a curse; execration
Term
odium
Definition
–noun
intense hatred or dislike
Term
esurient
Definition
–adjective
hungry; greedy
Term
indigent
Definition
-adjective
lacking necessities of life; needy; poor; impoverished.
Term
tendentious
Definition
–adjective
showing a definite tendency, bias, or purpose
Term
abnegate
Definition
–verb
to refuse or deny oneself (some rights, conveniences, etc.); reject; renounce or relinquish; give up.
Term
ascetic
Definition
-noun
a person who leads an austerely simple life, esp. one who abstains from the normal pleasures of life or denies himself or herself material satisfaction.

-adjective
rigorously abstinent; austere: an ascetic existence.
Term
ostensible
Definition
–adjective
outwardly appearing as such; pretended; apparent, evident, or conspicuous
Term
unctuous
Definition
–adjective
1. characterized by excessive piousness or moralistic fervor, esp. in an affected manner; excessively smooth, suave, or smug.
2. of the nature of or characteristic of an unguent or ointment; oily; greasy.
Term
fulsome
Definition
–adjective
1. offensive to good taste, esp. as being excessive; overdone or gross: fulsome praise that embarrassed her deeply; fulsome décor.
2. disgusting; sickening; repulsive: a table heaped with fulsome mounds of greasy foods.
3. excessively or insincerely lavish: fulsome admiration.
Term
discomfit
Definition
–verb (used with object)
1. to confuse and deject; disconcert: to be discomfited by a question.
2. to thwart or foil plans.
Term
forfend
Definition
–verb
to defend or protect; to fend off or prevent.
Term
fetter
Definition
-verb
to confine; restrain

–noun
a chain or shackle placed on the feet.
Term
discrete
Definition
-adjective
separate; distinct; discontinuous.
Term
chortle
Definition
–verb
to chuckle gleefully.
Term
flippant
Definition
-adjective
frivolously disrespectful, shallow, or lacking in seriousness; characterized by levity: The audience was shocked by his flippant remarks about patriotism.
Term
gibe
Definition
-verb
to utter mocking or scoffing words; jeer.
-noun
a taunting or sarcastic remark
Term
riposte
Definition
-noun
a quick, sharp return in speech or action; counterstroke: a brilliant riposte to an insult.
Term
simper
Definition
-verb
to smile in a silly, self-conscious way.
Term
raillery
Definition
-noun
good-humored ridicule; banter.
Term
proselyte
Definition
-noun
a person who has changed from one opinion, religious belief, sect, or the like, to another; convert.
Term
slake
Definition
–verb (used with object)
to allay (thirst, desire, wrath, etc.) by satisfying; to cool or refresh; to make less active, vigorous, intense, etc.
Term
discursive
Definition
–adjective
passing aimlessly from one subject to another; digressive or rambling; proceeding by reasoning or argument rather than intuition.
Term
expatiate
Definition
-verb
to enlarge in discourse or writing; be copious in description or discussion: to expatiate upon a theme.
Term
copious
Definition
–adjective
1. large in quantity or number; abundant; plentiful: copious amounts of food.
2. having or yielding an abundant supply: a copious larder; a copious harvest.
3. exhibiting abundance or fullness, as of thoughts or words.
Term
sojourn
Definition
–noun
a temporary stay
Term
forage
Definition
–verb
to search about; seek; rummage; hunt; to make a raid.
Term
aperture
Definition
-noun
an opening, as a hole, slit, crack, gap, etc.
Term
interstice
Definition
-noun
an intervening space; a small or narrow space or interval between things or parts
Term
orifice
Definition
–noun
an opening or aperture, as of a tube or pipe; a mouthlike opening or hole; mouth; vent.
Term
respite
Definition
–noun
1. a delay or cessation for a time, esp. of anything distressing or trying; an interval of relief: to toil without respite.
2. temporary suspension of the execution of a person condemned to death; reprieve.
Term
salutary
Definition
-adjective
favorable to or promoting health; healthful.
Term
compendium
Definition
-noun
a brief treatment or account of a subject, esp. an extensive subject; concise treatise; a summary, epitome, or abridgment.
Term
adage
Definition
–noun
a traditional saying expressing a common experience or observation; proverb.
Term
bromide
Definition
-noun
a platitude or trite saying; a person who is platitudinous and boring.
Term
epigram
Definition
-noun
any witty, ingenious, or pointed saying tersely expressed.
Term
apothegm
Definition
–noun
a short, pithy, instructive saying; a terse remark or aphorism.
Term
sententious
Definition
–adjective
1. abounding in pithy aphorisms or maxims: a sententious book.
2. given to excessive moralizing; self-righteous.
3. given to or using pithy sayings or maxims: a sententious poet.
4. of the nature of a maxim; pithy.
Term
conjugal
Definition
–adjective
1. of, pertaining to, or characteristic of marriage: conjugal vows.
2. pertaining to the relation of husband and wife.
Term
endogamous
Definition
–noun
marriage within a specific tribe or similar social unit.
Term
distaff
Definition
–noun
female branch of the family
Term
progenitor/progeny
Definition
-noun
a biologically related ancestor: a progenitor of the species.
-noun
a descendant or offspring, as a child, plant, or animal.
Term
fratricide
Definition
–noun
a person who kills his or her brother; the act of killing one's brother.
Term
scion
Definition
-noun
a descendant.
Term
askance
Definition
–adverb
1. with suspicion, mistrust, or disapproval: He looked askance at my offer.
2. with a side glance; sidewise; obliquely.
Term
careen
Definition
-verb
(of a vehicle) to lean, sway, or tip to one side while in motion: The car careened around the corner.
Term
circuitous
Definition
–adjective
roundabout; not direct: a circuitous route; a circuitous argument.
Term
gyrate
Definition
-verb
to move in a circle or spiral, or around a fixed point; whirl.
Term
serrated
Definition
-adjective
having a notched edge or sawlike teeth, esp. for cutting; serrate: the serrated blade of a bread knife.
Term
sidle
Definition
–verb (used without object)
1. to move sideways or obliquely.
2. to edge along furtively.
Term
undulating
Definition
-adjective
having a wavelike or rippled form, surface, edge, etc.; wavy.
Term
sinuous
Definition
-adjective
having many curves, bends, or turns; winding: a sinuous path.
Term
vortex
Definition
-noun
a whirling mass
Term
disconsolate
Definition
–adjective
1. without consolation or solace; hopelessly unhappy; inconsolable: Loss of her pet dog made her disconsolate.
2. characterized by or causing dejection; cheerless; gloomy: disconsolate prospects.
Term
doleful
Definition
–adjective
sorrowful; mournful; melancholy: a doleful look on her face.
Term
plaintive
Definition
–adjective
expressing sorrow or melancholy; mournful: a plaintive melody.
Term
forlorn
Definition
–adjective
1. desolate or dreary; unhappy or miserable, as in feeling, condition, or appearance.
2. lonely and sad; forsaken.
3. expressive of hopelessness; despairing: forlorn glances.
Term
threnody
Definition
–noun
a poem, speech, or song of lamentation, esp. for the dead; dirge; funeral song.
Term
invidious
Definition
1. calculated to create ill will or resentment or give offense; hateful: invidious remarks.
2. offensively or unfairly discriminating; injurious: invidious comparisons.
3. causing or tending to cause animosity, resentment, or envy: an invidious honor.
Term
rebarbative
Definition
–adjective
causing annoyance, irritation, or aversion; repellent.
Term
abeyance
Definition
–noun
temporary inactivity, cessation, or suspension: Let's hold that problem in abeyance for a while.
Term
demur
Definition
–verb (used without object)
to make objection, esp. on the grounds of scruples; take exception; object: They wanted to make him the treasurer, but he demurred.
Term
renege
Definition
–verb (used without object)
1. Cards. to play a card that is not of the suit led when one can follow suit; break a rule of play.
2. to go back on one's word: He has reneged on his promise.
Term
abnegate
Definition
–verb (used with object)
1. to refuse or deny oneself (some rights, conveniences, etc.); reject; renounce.
2. to relinquish; give up.
Term
decamp
Definition
–verb (used without object)
1. to depart from a camp; to pack up equipment and leave a camping ground: We decamped before the rain began.
2. to depart quickly, secretly, or unceremoniously: The band of thieves decamped in the night.
Term
rescind
Definition
–verb (used with object)
1. to abrogate; annul; revoke; repeal.
2. to invalidate (an act, measure, etc.) by a later action or a higher authority.
Term
moribund
Definition
–adjective
1. in a dying state; near death.
2. on the verge of extinction or termination.
3. not progressing or advancing; stagnant: a moribund political party.
Term
obsequies
Definition
–noun
a funeral rite or ceremony.
Term
defunct
Definition
–adjective
1. no longer in effect or use; not operating or functioning: a defunct law; a defunct organization.
2. no longer in existence; dead; extinct: a defunct person; a defunct tribe of Indians.
Term
sepulchral
Definition
–adjective
1. of, pertaining to, or serving as a tomb.
2. of or pertaining to burial.
3. proper to or suggestive of a tomb; funereal or dismal.
4. hollow and deep: sepulchral tones.
Term
quintessence
Definition
–noun
1. the pure and concentrated essence of a substance.
2. the most perfect embodiment of something.
Term
facsimile
Definition
-noun
an exact copy, as of a book, painting, or manuscript
Term
vicarious
Definition
–adjective
1. performed, exercised, received, or suffered in place of another: vicarious punishment.
2. taking the place of another person or thing; acting or serving as a substitute.
3. felt or enjoyed through imagined participation in the experience of others: a vicarious thrill.
Term
nemesis
Definition
-noun
1. something that a person cannot conquer, achieve, etc.: The performance test proved to be my nemesis.
2. an opponent or rival whom a person cannot best or overcome.
Term
portentous
Definition
–adjective
1. of the nature of a portent; momentous.
2. ominously significant or indicative: a portentous defeat.
3. marvelous; amazing; prodigious.
Term
propitious
Definition
–adjective
1. presenting favorable conditions; favorable: propitious weather.
2. indicative of favor; auspicious: propitious omens.
3. favorably inclined; disposed to bestow favors or forgive: propitious gods.
Term
providential
Definition
–adjective
1. of, pertaining to, or resulting from divine providence: providential care.
2. opportune, fortunate, or lucky: a providential event.
Term
assonance
Definition
–noun
partial agreement or correspondence;
resemblance of sounds.
Term
raucous
Definition
–adjective
1. harsh; strident; grating: raucous voices; raucous laughter.
2. rowdy; disorderly: a raucous party.
Term
din
Definition
–noun
a loud, confused noise; a continued loud or tumultuous sound; noisy clamor.
Term
strident
Definition
–adjective
1. making or having a harsh sound; grating; creaking: strident insects; strident hinges.
2. having a shrill, irritating quality or character: a strident tone in his writings.
Term
sonorous
Definition
–adjective
1. giving out or capable of giving out a sound, esp. a deep, resonant sound, as a thing or place: a sonorous cavern.
2. loud, deep, or resonant, as a sound.
3. rich and full in sound, as language or verse.
4. high-flown; grandiloquent: a sonorous speech.
Term
descry
Definition
–verb (used with object)
1. to see (something unclear or distant) by looking carefully; discern; espy: The lookout descried land.
2. to discover; perceive; detect.
Term
fortnight
Definition
–noun
the space of fourteen nights and days; two weeks.
Term
dudgeon
Definition
–noun
a feeling of offense or resentment; anger: We left in high dudgeon.
Term
pettish
Definition
–adjective
petulantly peevish: a pettish refusal.
Term
petulant
Definition
–adjective
moved to or showing sudden, impatient irritation, esp. over some trifling annoyance: a petulant toss of the head.
Term
pique
Definition
–verb (used with object)
1. to affect with sharp irritation and resentment, esp. by some wound to pride: She was greatly piqued when they refused her invitation.
2. to wound (the pride, vanity, etc.).
3. to excite (interest, curiosity, etc.): Her curiosity was piqued by the gossip.
Term
chagrin
Definition
–noun
a feeling of vexation, marked by disappointment or humiliation.
Term
contrition
Definition
-noun
sincere penitence or remorse.
Term
rue
Definition
–verb (used with object)
1. to feel sorrow over; repent of; regret bitterly: to rue the loss of opportunities.
2. to wish that (something) had never been done, taken place, etc.: I rue the day he was born.
Term
foible
Definition
–noun
1. a minor weakness or failing of character; slight flaw or defect: an all-too-human foible.
2. the weaker part of a sword blade, between the middle and the point (opposed to forte ).
Term
asperity
Definition
–noun
1. harshness or sharpness of tone, temper, or manner; severity; acrimony: The cause of her anger did not warrant such asperity.
2. hardship; difficulty; rigor: the asperities of polar weather.
3. roughness of surface; unevenness.
4. something rough or harsh.
Term
fell
Definition
–adjective
1. fierce; cruel; dreadful; savage.
2. destructive; deadly: fell poison; fell disease.
Term
dour
Definition
–adjective
sullen, gloomy; severe, stern
Term
vitriolic
Definition
-adjective
very caustic; scathing
Term
truculent
Definition
–adjective
fierce, cruel; brutally harsh, vitriolic, scathing; aggressively hostile, belligerent.
Term
enjoin
Definition
–verb
to direct or prescribe action with authority: The doctor enjoined a strict diet.
Term
cavil
Definition
–verb (used with object)
to oppose by frivolous or sham objections
Term
belabor
Definition
–verb (used with object)
to explain, worry about, or work at (something) repeatedly or more than is necessary; to beat vigorously or ply with heavy blows.
Term
hector
Definition
-verb
to treat with insolence; bully; torment: The teacher hectored his students incessantly.

-noun
a blustering, domineering person; a bully.
Term
reproof
Definition
–noun
1. the act of reproving, censuring, or rebuking.
2. an expression of censure or rebuke.
Term
remonstrate
Definition
-verb
to say or plead in protest, objection, or disapproval.
Term
harbinger
Definition
–noun
1. a person who goes ahead and makes known the approach of another; herald.
2. anything that foreshadows a future event; omen; sign: Frost is a harbinger of winter.
3. a person sent in advance of troops, a royal train, etc., to provide or secure lodgings and other accommodations.
Term
auspice(s)
Definition
–noun
1. patronage; support; sponsorship: under the auspices of the Department of Education.
2. a favorable sign or propitious circumstance.
3. a divination or prognostication, originally from observing birds.
Term
fey
Definition
-adjective
supernatural; unreal; enchanted; dooming
Term
presage
Definition
–verb (used with object)
6. to have a presentiment of.
7. to portend, foreshow, or foreshadow: The incidents may presage war.
8. to forecast; predict.
Term
portend
Definition
–verb (used with object)
1. to indicate in advance; to foreshadow or presage, as an omen does: The street incident may portend a general uprising.
2. to signify; mean.
Term
prognosticate
Definition
–verb (used with object)
1. to forecast or predict (something future) from present indications or signs; prophesy.
2. to foretoken; presage: birds prognosticating spring.
Term
respite
Definition
–noun
1. a delay or cessation for a time, esp. of anything distressing or trying; an interval of relief: to toil without respite.
2. temporary suspension of the execution of a person condemned to death; reprieve.
–verb (used with object)
3. to relieve temporarily, esp. from anything distressing or trying; give an interval of relief from.
4. to grant delay in the carrying out of (a punishment, obligation, etc.).
Term
tenuous
Definition
–adjective
thin or slender in form; weak or unclear; lacking a sound basis, as reasoning; unsubstantiated
Term
nugatory
Definition
adj.

Of little or no importance, trifling; Having no force, invalid.
Term
wallow
Definition
intr.v.

1. To roll the body about indolently or clumsily in or as if in water, snow, or mud.
2. To luxuriate; revel: wallow in self-righteousness.
3. To be plentifully supplied: wallowing in money.
4. To move with difficulty in a clumsy or rolling manner; flounder
Term
upswing
Definition
n.

1. An upward swing or trend.
2. An increase, as in movement or business activity.
Term
prestidigitation
Definition
n.

1. Performance of or skill in performing magic or conjuring tricks with the hands; sleight of hand.
2. A show of skill or deceitful cleverness.
Term
contentious
Definition
-adjective
quarrelsome; controversial; likely to result in argument
Term
plangent
Definition
adj.

1. Loud and resounding: plangent bells.
2. Expressing or suggesting sadness; plaintive: “From a doorway came the plangent sounds of a guitar”
Term
ineluctable
Definition
adj.
inevitable
Term
demarcate
Definition
-verb
1. To set the boundaries of; delimit.
2. To separate clearly as if by boundaries; distinguish: demarcate categories.
Term
jejune
Definition
adj.

1. Not interesting; dull: “and there pour forth jejune words and useless empty phrases” (Anthony Trollope).
2. Lacking maturity; childish: surprised by their jejune responses to our problems.
3. Lacking in nutrition: a jejune diet.
Term
filigree
Definition
n.
Delicate and intricate ornamental work made from gold, silver, or other fine twisted wire.
Term
ludology
Definition
study of video games
Term
relegate
Definition
-verb
To assign to an obscure place, position, or condition; To assign to a particular class or category; classify
Term
senescence
Definition
noun
Old age
Term
redact
Definition
-verb
1. To draw up or frame (a proclamation, for example).
2. To make ready for publication; edit or revise.
Term
vociferous
Definition
–adjective
crying out noisily; clamorous.
Term
shirk
Definition
-verb
to evade (work, duty, responsibility, etc.)
Term
gaffe
Definition
–noun
a social blunder; faux pas.
Term
reverent
Definition
-adj

marked by, feeling, or expressing a feeling of profound awe and respect
Term
rancorous
Definition
-adj
characterized by bitter, long-lasting resentment
Term
infelicitous
Definition
-adj
unfortunate; inappropriate
Term
impunity
Definition
-noun
immunity from punishment or penalty
Term
impassive
Definition
-adj
revealing no emotion
Term
aver
Definition
-verb
to state as a fact; to declare or assert
Term
secrete
Definition
-verb
to hide or conceal
Term
spat
Definition
-noun
a petty quarrel; a slap or smack
Term
execration
Definition
-noun
a curse or imprecation; something that is cursed or loathed
Term
mawkish
Definition
-adj
overly sentimental; maudlin
Term
bawdy
Definition
-adj
indecent or lewd
Term
truncate
Definition
-verb
to shorten or trim
Term
congeal
Definition
-verb
to solidify; coagulate; to become fixed in ideas
Term
halcyon
Definition
-adj
calm and peaceful
Term
idolatrous
Definition
-adj
given to intense devotion
Term
profuse
Definition
-adj
given or coming forth abundantly
Term
pith
Definition
-noun
essential or central part
Term
tenuous
Definition
-adj
having little substance or strength; weak
Term
tenacity
Definition
-noun
persistent determination
Term
squalid
Definition
-adj
sordid; wretched and dirty as from neglect
Term
pernicious
Definition
-adj
extremely harmful; potentially causing death
Term
preen
Definition
-verb
to dress up; primp; to groom oneself (think pretty ponies are preened)
Term
prodigious
Definition
-adj
abundant in size, extent; extraordinary
Term
quaff
Definition
-verb
to drink deeply
Term
redoubtable
Definition
-adj
awe-inspiring; worthy of honor
Term
inveigle
Definition
-verb
to obtain by deception of flattery
Term
chary
Definition
-adj
wary; cautious; sparing
Term
avarice
Definition
-noun
greed esp. for wealth
Term
accolade
Definition
-noun
an expression of praise
Term
solicitous
Definition
-adj
attentive and concerned; eager
Term
recant
Definition
-verb
to retract, esp. a previously held belief
Term
squander
Definition
-verb
to waste by spending or using irresponsibly
Term
predilection
Definition
-noun
a disposition in favor of something; preference
Term
censure
Definition
-verb
to criticize severely; to officially rebuke
Term
rebuke
Definition
-verb
to show sharp, stern disapproval; reproof; reprimand.
Term
fulminate
Definition
-verb
to loudly attack or denounce
Term
tepid
Definition
-verb
having lack of enthusiasm; lukewarm in temperature
Term
extemporaneous
Definition
-adj
improvised
Term
supersede
Definition
-verb
to replace in power, authority, effectiveness, acceptance; to succeed to the position, function, office, etc
Term
spry
Definition
-adj
agile: moving quickly and lightly
Term
astringent
Definition
-adj
severe
-noun
something having a tightening effect on tissue
Term
contigious
Definition
-adj
sharing a border; adjacent
Term
flout
Definition
-verb
to show contempt for, as in a rule or convention
Term
hubris
Definition
-noun
overbearing presumption or pride; arrogance
Term
presumptuous
Definition
-adj
overstepping the bounds of propriety/courtesy; taking liberties
Term
penchant
Definition
-noun
a strong inclination, taste, or liking for something: a penchant for outdoor sports.
Term
refulgent
Definition
-adj
radiant;shiny; brilliant
Term
sedulous
Definition
-adj
diligent; persistent; hard-working
Term
untenable
Definition
-adj
indefensible; not viable; uninhabitable
Term
dissolute
Definition
-adj
indifferent to moral restraints; given to immoral or improper conduct; licentious
Term
acrimonious
Definition
-adj
Bitter and sharp in language or tone; rancorous
Term
grouse
Definition
-verb
to complain or grumble
Term
consequential
Definition
-adj
pompous, self-important
Term
broach
Definition
-verb
bring up, announce, begin to talk about
Term
cardinal
Definition
-adj
major (as in cardinal sin)
Term
list
Definition
-verb
to tilt or lean to one side
Term
obtain
Definition
-adj
to be established, accepted or customary
Term
rail
Definition
-verb
to complain about bitterly
Term
scurvy
Definition
-adj
contemptible, despicable
Term
table
Definition
-verb
to remove from consideration
Term
steep
Definition
-verb
to saturate or completely soak
Term
tender
Definition
-verb
to offer or proffer
Term
wag
Definition
-noun
wit; joker
Term
adumbrate
Definition
-verb
to foreshadow vaguely or to intimate; to suggest or outline sketchily; to obscure or overshadow
Term
captious
Definition
-adj disposed to point out trivial faults; calculated to confuse or entrap in argument
Term
cavil
Definition
-verb to find fault without good reason
Term
debacle
Definition
-noun
tout, fiasco, complete failure
Term
desuetude
Definition
-noun
disuse
Term
exegesis
Definition
-noun
critical examination; explication
Term
expiate
Definition
-verb
to atone or make amends for
Term
extirpate
Definition
-verb
to destroy; exterminate; cut out; exscind
Term
imbroglio
Definition
-noun
difficult or embarrassing situation
Term
ineluctable
Definition
-adj
certain, inevitable
Term
inimitable
Definition
-adj
one of a kind, peerless
Term
insouciant
Definition
-adj
unconcerned, carefree, heedless
Term
inveterate
Definition
deep rooted, ingrained, habitual
Term
lubricious
Definition
lewd, wanton, greasy, slippery
Term
nonplussed
Definition
-adj
baffled, bewildered, at a loss for what to do or think
Term
obstreperous
Definition
-adj
noisily and stubbornly defiant, aggressively boisterous
Term
peroration
Definition
-noun
the concluding part of a speech; flowery rhetorical speech
Term
plangent
Definition
-adj
pounding, thundering, resounding
Term
puissance/puissant
Definition
-adj
power, strength
Term
remonstrate
Definition
-verb
to protest, object
Term
salacious
Definition
-adj
lustful, lascivious, bawdy
Term
salutary
Definition
-adj
remedial, wholesome, causing improvement
Term
saturnine
Definition
-adj
gloomy, dark, sullen, morose
Term
Stygian
Definition
-adj
gloomy, dark
Term
scrupulous
Definition
-adj
Conscientious and exact, painstaking; Having scruples or being principled.
Term
admonish
Definition
–verb
1. to caution, advise, or counsel against something.
2. to reprove or scold, esp. in a mild and good-willed manner
Term
exhume
Definition
-verb
to dig up
Term
hedge
Definition
-noun
any barrier or boundary

-verb
to mitigate a possible loss by counterbalancing; to prevent or hinder free movement
Term
temerity
Definition
reckless boldness; rashness
Term
ineffable
Definition
-adj
incapable of being expressed or described in words; inexpressible: ineffable joy.
Term
countermand
Definition
-verb
to revoke or cancel
Term
effusive
Definition
-adj
unduly demonstrative; lacking reserve; pouring out; overflowing.
Term
effervescent
Definition
lively; bubbling; full of energy
Term
cachinnate
Definition
to laugh loudly or immoderately.
Term
abscission
Definition
-noun
the act of cutting off; sudden termination.
Term
ochlocracy
Definition
–noun
government by the mob; mob rule; mobocracy.
Term
abattoir
Definition
–noun
a slaughterhouse.
Term
smelter
Definition
-noun
a person who owns or works in a place where ores are smelted.
Term
spigot
Definition
-noun
a peg or plug for stopping the passage of liquid in a faucet or cock.
Term
slag
Definition
-noun
waste left over after the re-sorting of coal.
Term
priggish
Definition
–adj
demanding pointlessly precise conformity, fussiness about trivialities; overly proper/prudent
Term
teetotaler
Definition
–noun
a person who abstains totally from intoxicating drink.
Term
cadge
Definition
verb

to get something by taking advantage of someone
Term
caprice
Definition
-noun
impulse
Term
depredation
Definition
-noun
the act of preying upon or plundering
Term
dogged
Definition
-adj
stubborn or determined
Term
effluent
Definition
-adj
the quality of flowing out. something that flows out, such as a stream from a river
Term
floundering
Definition
-adj
struggling
Term
improvidence
Definition
-noun

an absence of foresight; a failure to provide for future needs or events
Term
indelible
Definition
-adj
permanent; unerasable; strong
Term
nefarious
Definition
wicked, evil: "a nefarious plot."
Term
ponderous
Definition
-adj

heavy; massive; awkward; dull
Term
precipice
Definition
-noun
cliff with a vertical or nearly vertical face; a dangerous place from which one is likely to fall; metaphorically, a very risky circumstance
Term
turpitude
Definition
-noun

depravity; baseness: "Mr. Castor was fired for moral turpitude."
Term
abet
Definition
-adj
to encourage, support, or countenance by aid or approval, usually in wrongdoing
Term
sophomoric
Definition
-adj
intellectually pretentious, overconfident, conceited, etc., but immature
Term
skinflint
Definition
–noun
a mean, niggardly person; miser.
Term
proscribe
Definition
to denounce or condemn (a thing) as dangerous or harmful; prohibit.
Term
elocution
Definition
the study and practice of oral delivery
Term
manifest
Definition
-noun
readily perceived by the eye or the understanding; evident; obvious; apparent; plain
Term
ungainly
Definition
not graceful; awkward; unwieldy; clumsy
Term
abject
Definition
–adjective
1. utterly hopeless, miserable, humiliating, or wretched: abject poverty.
2. contemptible; despicable; base-spirited: an abject coward.
3. shamelessly servile; slavish.
Term
exultant
Definition
-adj
highly elated; jubilant; triumphant
Term
torrid
Definition
-adj
oppressively hot, parching, or burning, as climate, weather, or air.
Term
affront
Definition
-noun
a personally offensive act or word; deliberate act or display of disrespect; intentional slight; insult

-verb
to make ashamed or confused; embarrass; to offend
Term
grandstand
Definition
-verb
to conduct oneself or perform showily or ostentatiously in an attempt to impress onlookers
Term
rein
Definition
-verb
to check or guide;
to curb; restrain; control
Term
doldrums
Definition
-noun
a dull, listless, depressed mood; low spirits; a state of inactivity or stagnation, as in business or art
Term
schism
Definition
-noun
division or disunion, esp. into mutually opposed parties.
Term
deprave/depravity
Definition
Moral corruption or degradation
Term
nepotism
Definition
–noun
patronage bestowed or favoritism shown on the basis of family relationship, as in business and politics
Term
cronyism
Definition
–noun
the practice of favoring one's close friends, esp. in political appointments.
Term
disgorge
Definition
–verb (used with object)
1. to eject or throw out from the throat, mouth, or stomach; vomit forth.
2. to surrender or yield (something, esp. something illicitly obtained).
3. to discharge forcefully or as a result of force.
Term
promulgate
Definition
-verb
1. to make known by open declaration; publish; proclaim formally or put into operation (a law, decree of a court, etc.).
2. to set forth or teach publicly (a creed, doctrine, etc.).
Term
heart-rending
Definition
-adj
Causing anguish or deep distress; arousing deep sympathy
Term
picayune
Definition
of little importance
Term
reprisal
Definition
-noun
act of revenge or retaliation
Term
rapprochement
Definition
-noun
an establishment or reestablishment of harmonious relations
Term
sequester
Definition
-verb
to remove or withdraw into solitude or retirement; seclude; quarantine
Term
abut
Definition
to touch, to be in contact with
Term
anthropomorphic
Definition
attributing human qualities to nonhumans; having human qualities
Term
aplomb
Definition
poise; confidence
Term
apotheosis
Definition
deification; glorified ideal
Term
bacchanalian
Definition
drunkenly festive
Term
balk
Definition
ti refuse, shirk; prevent
Term
beatific
Definition
angelic, saintly
Term
benison
Definition
blessing
Term
bilious
Definition
easily irritated, relating to bile
Term
carom
Definition
to strike and rebound
Term
charlatan
Definition
a quack, fake
Term
chattel
Definition
piece of personal property
Term
chimerical
Definition
fanciful, imaginary, visionary; impossible
Term
cistern
Definition
tank for rainwater
Term
cognomen
Definition
family name; any name especially a nickname
Term
commodious
Definition
roomy, spacious
Term
congenial
Definition
similar in tastes and habits
Term
consanguineous
Definition
of the same origin; related by blood
Term
corpulence
Definition
obesity, fatness, bulkiness
Term
coven
Definition
group of witches
Term
corrugate
Definition
to mold in a shape with parallel grooves and ridges
Term
deluge
Definition
flood
Term
diminutive
Definition
small
Term
dolor
Definition
sadness
Term
doughty
Definition
courageous
Term
effluvia
Definition
an outpouring of gases and vapors; A byproduct or residue
Term
egregious
Definition
conspicuously bad
Term
emend
Definition
to correct a text
Term
expatiate
Definition
to wonder; to discuss or describe at length
Term
expiate
Definition
to atone for
Term
expunge
Definition
to eliminate completely; to erase
Term
expurgate
Definition
to censor
Term
filch
Definition
to steal
Term
filial
Definition
appropriate for a child
Term
forswear
Definition
to repudiate, renounce, disclaim, reject
Term
fracas
Definition
noisy dispute
Term
gambol
Definition
to dance or skip around playfully
Term
gauche
Definition
crude, socially awkward
Term
gibe
Definition
to make heckling, taunting remarks; mockery
Term
gnostic
Definition
having to do with knowledge
Term
gratuitous
Definition
free, voluntary unnecessary and unjustified
Term
ignominious
Definition
disgraceful and dishonorable
Term
imperious
Definition
arrogantly self-assured, domineering, overbearing
Term
impolitic
Definition
unwise; not expedient or judicious
Term
expedient
Definition
proper under the circumstance; a means to an end
Term
inculpate
Definition
to blame; charge with a crime
Term
indubitable
Definition
unquestionable
Term
ingress
Definition
entrance
Term
insidious
Definition
sly, treacherous, devious
Term
insuperable
Definition
insurmountable, unconquerable
Term
interdict
Definition
to forbid, prohibit
Term
interlocutor
Definition
someone taking part in a dialogue
Term
interloper
Definition
trespasser; meddler in others' affairs
Term
internecine
Definition
deadly to both sides
Term
intimation
Definition
clue, suggestion
Term
interpolate
Definition
to insert; change by adding new words or material
Term
inveterate
Definition
confirmed, long-standing, deeply rooted
Term
jibe
Definition
to shift suddenly from one side to the other
Term
kismet
Definition
fate
Term
lambaste
Definition
disapprove angrily; to reprimand or berate harshly; censure; excoriate; to beat or whip severely
Term
libidinous
Definition
lustful
Term
liniment
Definition
medicinal liquid used externally to ease pain
Term
macabre
Definition
gruesome, producing horror
Term
manifold
Definition
diverse varied; comprised of many parts
Term
nefarious
Definition
vicious, evil
Term
omniscient
Definition
having infinite knowledge
Term
parochial
Definition
of limited scope or outlook, provincial
Term
peculation
Definition
theft of money or goods
Term
penumbra
Definition
partial shadow
Term
periphrastic
Definition
using circumlocution
Term
pertinacious
Definition
persistent, stubborn
Term
plait
Definition
to braid, eg hair or straw
Term
plangent
Definition
resounding; plaintive
Term
plaudit
Definition
applause
Term
pneumatic
Definition
relating to air; worked by compressed air
Term
precept
Definition
principle; law
Term
privation
Definition
lack of usual necessities or comforts
Term
prolific
Definition
productive, fertile
Term
propinquity
Definition
nearness
Term
prostrate
Definition
lying face downward, lying flat on the ground
Term
provincial
Definition
rustic, unsophisticated, limited in scope; parochial
Term
prurient
Definition
lustful, exhibiting lewd desires
Term
rancor
Definition
bitter hatred
Term
rapacious
Definition
greedy; predatory
Term
recreant
Definition
disloyal; cowardly
Term
requite
Definition
to return or repay
Term
respite
Definition
interval of relief
Term
retinue
Definition
group of attendants with an important person
Term
revelry
Definition
boisterous festivity
Term
rotund
Definition
round in shape; fat
Term
salacious
Definition
lustful
Term
scurrilous
Definition
vulgar; low, indecent
Term
senescent
Definition
aging, growing old
Term
simper
Definition
to smirk, smile foolishly
Term
slovenly
Definition
untidy, messy
Term
solipsism
Definition
belief that the self is the only reality; egoistic self-absorption
Term
sophist
Definition
person good at arguing deviously
Term
staid
Definition
self-restrained, strait-laced
Term
subterfuge
Definition
trick or tactic used to avoid something
Term
supercilious
Definition
arrogant, haughty, overbearing, condescending
Term
surreptitious
Definition
characterized by secrecy
Term
tableau
Definition
vivid description, striking incident or scene
Term
trammel
Definition
to impede or hamper
Term
turpitude
Definition
inherent vileness, foulness, depravity
Term
unfettered
Definition
unrestrained, free
Term
virile
Definition
manly, having quality of an adult male
Term
waspish
Definition
easily irritated
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