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body waves
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Definition
| A body wave is a seismic wave that moves through the interior of the earth, as opposed to surface waves that travel near the earth's surface. P and S waves are body waves. Each type of wave shakes the ground in different ways. |
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deep-focus earthquake
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| A deep-focus earthquake is an earthquake that occurs at depths between 300 and 700 km beneath the Earth's surface. |
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| A sudden release of energy in the earth's crust or upper mantle, usually caused by movement along a fault plane or by volcanic activity and resulting in the generation of seismic waves which can be destructive. |
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| The point of the earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake. |
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| A point beneath Earth's surface where the vibrations of an earthquake are thought to have originated. Also known as a hypocenter. |
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| A type of seismic body wave in which rock particles vibrate parallel to the direction of wave travel. |
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| A type of seismic body wave in which rock particles vibrate at right angles to the direction of wave travel. |
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| an earth vibration generated by an earthquake or explosion. |
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| An earthquake whose focus is located within 70 kilometers of the earth's surface. |
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A wave that can travel along an interface between two different mediums without radiation; the interface must be essentially straight in the direction of propagation; the commonest interface used is that between air and the surface of a circular wire. |
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| A theory which attributes faulting to stresses (in the form of potential energy) which are being built up in the earth and which, at discrete intervals, are suddenly released as elastic energy; at the time of rupture the rocks on either side of the fault spring back to a position of little or no strain. |
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| A phase designation for an earthquake wave that is a surface wave, without respect to type. |
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Term
Mohorovicic Discontinuity (Moho)
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| Boundary between the Earth's crust and its mantle. The Moho lies at a depth of about 22 mi (35 km) below continents and about 4.5 mi (7 km) beneath the oceanic crust. |
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| Measure of the magnitude of seismic waves from an earthquake. |
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