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| A- Supported the group anyone, except Muhammad |
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| A- Supported the group of Umayyads |
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Definition
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| A- Being included within a group or structure |
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| A- Made the official language of the empire Arabic; unified the Umayyad by creating a common coinage; instituting the Hajj. |
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Definition
| A- A professional soldier hired to serve in a foreign army. |
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Definition
| A- To take their land back |
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| A- A government used a system of departments and agencies that carry out the work of the government |
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Definition
| A- Created the Arabic numbering system |
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Definition
| A- Always on duty & always ready to fight |
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Definition
| A- Made the official language of the empire Arabic; unified the Umayyad by creating a common coinage; instituting the Hajj. |
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| Q- How did the Abbasid Empire fall? |
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Definition
| A- The Mongols captured Baghdad and ended the Seljuk/Abbasid Empire |
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Term
| Q- King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella |
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Definition
| A- They married and combined their armies to drive the Muslims out of Spain in 1492 |
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| Q- What happened at the "deadly dinner?" |
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Definition
| A- The Abbasid killing all the leaders of the Umayyads and took over the whole empire |
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| Q- What are the major scholars of Cordoba? |
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Definition
| A-Al-Khwarizmi (Created the Arabic numbering system), Omar Khayyam (Created the accurate calendar), Ali Razi (a doctor who identified and described smallpox and measles), Moses Maimonides (doctor, teacher writer, and philosopher), Al Zahrawi (doctor and wrote a textbook on how to perform surgery; Abbas Ibn Firnas experimented flight and built a planetarium in Cordoba |
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| Q- Why did Abu Bakr chosen as the 1st, caliph? |
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| A- Muhammad's closest companion, and the advisory loyalty to the prophet was important to the high-ranking Muslims. He was his father-in-law too. |
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| Q- How did the Cordoba and the al Andalus fall? |
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| A- The Cordoba and the al Andalus fell, because the Christian Kingdoms in the Northern Spain sought to take back the land of Umayyad Empire controlled. This was called reconquest. |
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| Q- How did the Umayyad unite the Muslim Empire? |
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Definition
| A- forming a bureaucracy, common Arabic language |
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| Q- How did the Abbasid Empire hold onto their power? |
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Definition
| A- Standing Army, Trading Center, included people |
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| Q- What are the advancements of the Abbasid Empire? |
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Definition
| A- Prosperous Trade from Baghdad, skilled in calligraphy; (the art of fine handwriting); skilled in paper (more books = more learning); Arabic numbering system; Al-jabr and calculus;and the calendar |
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| Q- How far did Caliph Uthman spread the Muslim Empire? |
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Definition
| A- Caliph Uthman spread the Muslim Empire to Iran (Persia,) Asia |
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| Q- What factors led to the decline of the Abbasid Empire? |
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Definition
| A- Raised taxes; selfish money using; and banditry |
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| Q- How did the Umayyad take control of the Muslim Empire? |
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Definition
| A- By them using the official language of the Empire Arabic. Also, using the common coinage, instituting the Hajj to Mecca. |
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Term
| Q- Who are the 4 caliphs that followed Muhammad teachings? |
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Definition
| A- Abu Bakr Umar Uthman and Ali |
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| Q- How did Caliph Abd Al Rahman started the Andalus Empire? |
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Definition
| A- When he escaped the "deadly dinner", and he fled to Spain. Then, he became the leader of the remaining Umayyad Empire, and made the city of Cordoba his capital. |
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| Q- What is Caliph Umar's policy on religion in the Muslim Empire? |
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Definition
| A- You can practice your religion, but privately and you cannot spread your religion. |
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| Q- How did the Abbasid Empire take control of the Muslim Empire? |
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Definition
| A- They took control by, having the Umayyad Empire sign a treaty, and ended up that they started killing the leaders and taking control of their Empire |
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| Q- How was Caliph Ali related to Muhammad and what happened to him? |
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Definition
| A- It was his son-in-law. The thing that happened to him is that he was killed in his own home |
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| Q- How did the Umayyad lose control of the Muslim Empire (how the Umayyad Empire fall?) |
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Definition
| A- By the Abbasid Empire killing the leaders and taking over of the whole empire |
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| Q- What are the qualities of the city of Cordoba that Caliph Rahman III found and promoted? |
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Definition
| A- Paved and lighted streets and public bath; smart people from all over the world came to Cordoba to share knowledge and ideas; Non-Muslims were invited; colleges, law school, planetarium, musicians, and poets; woman had many job opportunities |
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| Q- What did the Muslim Empire do during the Middle Ages that made them so successful? Why were they so successful for such a long of a time? |
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Definition
A- Some things that made them so successful was the Standing Army. The reason why they were so successful, was because the Abbasid Empire held onto power. Also, they were always working, and ready to fight. They also controlled with force.
Another thing that made them so successful was the advancement in medicine. One of the creations of medicine was Al Razi. Al Razi studied medicine, and created a book about medicine, too. Another doctor was Al Rhawari. He invented surgery.
Another thing that made them so successful was the Arabic numbering system. This was created by Al Khwarizmi. He has also given credit for developing the idea of the decimal point, Al-jabr, and calculus. This is all related with math. So, because of him, today we are learning math!
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