1. transmission of force
2. differential growth
3. movement

1. Synarthrose (solid, inmobile) --> fibrous, cartilaginous, bony
2. Diarthrose (cavitated, highly mobile)--> synovial

1. Fibrous: skull sulture, teeth (gomphose), syndesmoses (hold bones together ex. interosseous membrane)
2. Cartilaginous: primary synchondroses(cartilagenous physeal plate), symphases (cartilages between 2 bones; ex. intervertebral disc)
3. bony

1. Synovial joint: joint surface covered by articular cartilage, synovial membrane lines joint. space between 2 articular cartilage is filled iwth sterile synovial fluid.

• accessory ligaments: capusular, intracapusular, extracapsular-stabilize joints by restrict movement in unwanted direction.
• menisci: intervene btween joint space.
• muscle and tendons: stabilize joint.
• articular cartilage
• synovial joint is derived from avascular mesenchymal skeletal blastema
• synovium: layer between fibrous joint capsule and synovial fluild. Attach at bone cartilage interface. Line joint cavity but do not cover articular cartilage. divide into synovial intima and subintima stroma.
  

has 2 synoviocytes (synovial cells): can't be distingushed using H & E staining

1. Type A: phagocytic
2. Type B: produce synovial fluid.

between intima and fibrous capuse

it is a vascular bed, also contain nerve sensory.

Vasculature: high blood flow needed to provide nutrient and gas exhcange with synovial and articular cartilage. also regular temperature. No vasculature--> degradation of synovium

1. joint movmeent
2. lubricin: proteoglycan--> lubrication
3. hyaluronic acid: secrete by synovium--> viscus fluid-> lubrication