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Musical Acoustics
Review of questions from previous tests
77
Physics
Undergraduate 1
12/12/2010

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Cards

Term
Developed the equation used to predict reverberation time
Definition
Sabine
Term
Invented the "wireless" telegraph
Definition
Marconi
Term
Invented the phonograph
Definition
Edison
Term
Vacuum tube
Definition
De Forest
Term
AC-DC converter
Definition
Flemming
Term
Television
Definition
Baird
Term
Oscilloscope
Definition
Braun
Term
Transistor
Definition
Bell Labratories
Term
Composed music with a minimalist approach
Definition
Glass
Term
Compase aleatoric music
Definition
Cage
Term
Pioneered musique concrete
Definition
Schaeffer
Term
Used serial technique
Definition
Schenberg, Berg, Webern
Term
Adopted primitivism in "The Rite of Spring"
Definition
Stravinsky
Term
Basic design of piano action
Definition
Christofori
Term
Uses real sounds, such as cars and trains
Definition
Musique concrete
Term
Random or chance music
Definition
Aleatoric
Term
Uses very limited compositional material, repeated with slight variations
Definition
Minimalism
Term
Has no key center or "do"
Definition
Atonal
Term
Uses a preconceived tone row, or set of pitches
Definition
Serialism
Term
Has key centers, generally uses fuctional harmony
Definition
Tonal
Term
Uses polytonality and polyrhythms to evoke scenes of ancient times
Definition
Primitivism
Term
Uses synthesizers and samplers to produce new sounds
Definition
Electronic
Term
Proposed that light has wave properties, like sound, in contrast to Newton's view of light as particles
Definition
Huygens
Term
Wrote "On the Sensations of Tone" and propsed the Law of Conservation of energy
Definition
Helmholtz
Term
Determined that light indeed had wave properties through interference experiments
Definition
Young
Term
Propsed the idea that stimuli and sensations are related logarithmically, now known as ___'s Law
Definition
Fechner
Term
Student of Helmholtz, this scientist proposed Quantum Theory and has a constant named after him.
Definition
Planck
Term
Measured the speed of light and determined there was no "ether"
Definition
Michelson
Term
Discovered that electricity comes from chemical reactions and thereby invented the battery
Definition
Volta
Term
Pioneer in architectural acoustics in Boston; his equation helps predict reverberation time
Definition
Sabine
Term
Discovered lightning
Definition
Franklin
Term
Propsed Theory of Relativity
Definition
Einstein
Term
Showed conclusively that sound would not travel in the absence of a medium
Definition
Boyle
Term
Developed a famous "wave equation" relating the properties of electrons to standing waves
Definition
Schrodinger
Term
Completed pioneering research in radio waves, his name is used for units of frequency
Definition
Hertz
Term
Discovered magnetic induction which led to the developtment of the electric motor and electric generator
Definition
Faraday
Term
Romantic Era composer who wrote fondly of his "electric metronome"
Definition
Berlioz
Term
Waves that vibrate in the direction of the propogation
Definition
Longitudinal
Term
Waves that vibrate perpendicular to the direction of the propogation
Definition
Transverse
Term
Points of zero (relatively) displacement or pressure
Definition
Nodes
Term
Points of maximum displacement or pressure
Definition
Antinodes
Term
Proportional to (Pressure x Density)/Area
Definition
Acoustic impedence
Term
As temperature decreases, the speed of sound in a gas usually ________
Definition
Decreases
Term
As the humidity of air increases, the pitch usually ________ slightly
Definition
Increases
Term
Frequency x Wavelength =
Definition
Velocity
Term
Terms for waves "bending" as they move from one medium to another
Definition
Refraction
Term
Velocity x Time
Definition
Distance
Term
The "father of western science and philosophy"
Definition
Pythagoras
Term
Last important roman writer on musical theory
Definition
Boethius
Term
Wrote "On the Revolutions of Heavenly Bodies"
Definition
Copernicus
Term
Solved the problem of the overtones in the early 19th century
Definition
Fourier
Term
Wrote an important 18th C. "Treatise on Harmony"
Definition
Rameau
Term
Invented calculus and proposed the three laws of motion
Definition
Newton
Term
Monk who wrote "Harmonie Universelle"
Definition
Mersenne
Term
Important Renaissance composer
Definition
Josquin dez Prez
Term
Observed that the period of a pendulum is proportional to its length
Definition
Galileo
Term
Wrote an astronomical treatise, "The Harmony of the World"
Definition
Kepler
Term
Unison
Definition
1:1
Term
Octave
Definition
2:1
Term
Perfect fifth
Definition
3:2
Term
Perfect Fourth
Definition
4:3
Term
Major Third
Definition
5:4
Term
Minor Third
Definition
6:5
Term
Major Second
Definition
9:8
Term
Diapason
Definition
2:1
Term
Diapente
Definition
3:2
Term
Diatesseron
Definition
4:3
Term
Frequency
Definition
Heard as musical pitch
Term
Amplitude
Definition
Heard as musical dynamics
Term
+/-3-5 dB
Definition
Heard about 1 dynamic level
Term
+10 dB
Definition
Twice as loud
Term
Wave shape
Definition
Heard as timbre or tone color
Term
Velocity
Definition
Directly proportional to frequency
Term
Frequency of moving source
Definition
Doppler shift
Term
+60 dB
Definition
64 times louder
Term
Wavelength
Definition
Inversely proportional to frequency
Term
+/- 1dB
Definition
just noticeable
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